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195 one o f s e v e r a l modern house t y p e s common most ev ery w h e re i n th e n a tio n . The C a l i f o r n i a bungalow , f o r e x am p le, g a in e d c o n s i d e r a b l e p o p u l a r i t y f o r a s h o r t tim e (S p e n c e r , 1 9 4 5 ). N o ta b le e f f e c t s o f th e V i c t o r i a n e r a i n Utah o t h e r t h a n f l o o r p l a n c h a n g e s were ch an g es i n r o o f t y p e s . The s im p le g a b le r o o f , one o f t h e most c o n s t a n t and u n m o d ified e le m e n ts i n Mormon f o l k t y p e s , was r e p l a c e d by m ansard r o o f s commonly w ith b a l u s t r a d e s or by v e r y s t e e p - p i t c h e d m u l t i p l e g a b le r o o f s w i t h t u r r e t s e m p h a siz in g v e r t i c a l l i n e s ( F i g s . 92, 9 3 ). D u rin g t h e 1890s and a f t e r , a few h o u s e s w ith b a s i c a l l y f o l k f l o o r p l a n s su ch a s t h e "T" o r t h e c r u c i f o r m a p p e a r e d w ith p y r a m id a l, m ansard, or h ip p e d r o o f s . In Utah s u c h an o c c u r r e n c e i s an a r c h i t e c t u r a l m i s c e g e n a t i o n , f o r t h e s im p le g a b le r o o f i s s o u t t e r l y dom inant on a l l Mormon f o l k h ouse t y p e s t h a t i t c a n be c o n s i d e r e d one o f t h e d i a g n o s t i c e le m e n ts o f f o l k . T h is i s n o t t r u e o u t s i d e o f t h e Mormon W est, o r even i n t h e Midwest Mormon town of Nauvoo, where a few o f t h e h o u s e s had m ansard r o o f s (s u c h a s J o s e p h S m ith ’s ’’m ansion h o u s e " ) and D u t c h - l i k e s t e p p e d g a b l e s , t h e l a t t e r o f w hich i s c o m p l e t e l y m is s i n g i n U tah. One m in o r im p a c t o f t h e V i c t o r i a n p e r i o d on Mormon f o l k h o u s e s o c c u r r e d a g a i n on t h e f a c a d e i n t h e form o f f a n c y wood t r i m f o r t h e e a v e s and d o rm e rs . Some o f t h i s " g i n g e r b r e a d " was p u rc h a s e d i n t h e s m a l l e r r u r a l com m unities where i t was a p p l i e d t o some o f t h e l a r g e r t w o - s t o r y f o l k houses (F ig . 83, p. 177 ). T h is p r a c t i c e seems t o d e t r a c t Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.