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88 TABLE 5 NINETEENTH-CENTURY BRICK AND BRICK VENEER HOUSES REMAINING IN 1971 IN RANDOMLY SELECTED MORMON COMMUNITIES Approx. No. o f Rem aining Houses B u i l t B e fo re 1900 Community Parow an, U tah Kanosh, Utah E l s i n o r e , U tah Mt. P l e a s a n t , Utah C o a l v i l l e , Utah W i l l a r d , Utah Hyrum, U tah P a r i s , Idaho m a te r ia l b e h in d . 60 26 38 82 17 44 65 38 1 9 th - C e n tu r y B r i c k and B ric k V eneer Houses a s o f 1971 No. Percent 15 3 3 11 7 14 4 2 25 12 8 13 41 32 6 5 The v a r i o u s f o l k c u l t u r e s o f E urope and America employed s e v e r a l b r i c k - b o n d i n g p a t t e r n s , b u t each c u l t u r e i n t h e e a r l y days te n d e d t o d i f f e r from o t h e r s i n t h e p a t t e r n most f a v o r e d . I n t h e American c o l o n i e s d u r in g t h e e a r l y e i g h t e e n t h c e n t u r y , f o r i n s t a n c e , F le m is h bond was a lm o s t u n i v e r s a l l y p r e f e r r e d (F ig . 22a) (M o rris o n , 2 94 ). But t h e Mormons a c e n t u r y l a t e r i n Nauvoo and i n t h e West u s e d m a in ly common bond p a t t e r n s ( F i g . 22b) w i t h s t r e t c h e r bond ( F ig . 22c) f r e q u e n t l y o c c u r r i n g on v e n e e re d w a l l s . F le m ish bond and E n g l i s h bond ( F i g . 22d) a r e e x c e e d in g ly r a r e i n t h e Mormon W est, a s a r e more d e c o r a t i v e p a t t e r n s . Most of t h e Utah b ric k w o rk seems t o be a copy o f ado be w a l l ­ i n g p a t t e r n s which a l s o o c c u r i n common bond a lm o s t w ith o u t e x ce p tio n . No d o ub t many b r i c k homes i n U tah were b u i l t by p i o n e e r s who f i r s t l e a r n e d m a s o n r y -w a llin g p r a c t i c e s w ith Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.