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31 The m ix e r was w id e ly u s e d i n t h e Mormon c o u n tr y and e ls e w h e r e w i t h o n ly s l i g h t v a r i a t i o n s . Most pug m i l l s had an e x t r u d i n g s p o u t th r o u g h w hich t h e mixed mud was f o r c e d and t h e n immedi­ a t e l y p l a c e d i n a mold. Upon i t s r e l e a s e from t h e mold, t h e adobe was l e f t on th e ground f o r a day o r two, and c o u ld th e n be t u r n e d on edge w it h o u t d a n g e r of l o s i n g i t s s h a p e . S e v e ra l days l a t e r , th e ad o bes were s t a c k e d i n p i l e s f o r t h e f i n a l d r y i n g which i n summer to o k a b o u t two w eeks. In w i n t e r f r e e z i n g w e a th e r p r o h i b i t e d th e making o f new a d o b e s , b u t s t o c k p i l e s l e f t from t h e summer work were u s u a l l y a v a i l a b l e f o r p u r c h a s e d u r i n g t h e w i n t e r m onths. I n a community where adobe was w id e ly u s e d , adobe re m a in e d th e dom inant b u i l d i n g m a t e r i a l f o r 20 t o 30 o r more y e a r s , t h e n g r a d u a l l y was d i s p l a c e d by o t h e r m a t e r i a l s . How­ e v e r , t h e fo u n d in g o f new s e t t l e m e n t s by Mormons i n t h e West c o v e re d a p e r i o d o f o v e r 50 y e a r s , and t h e adobe p h a s e s o f c o n s t r u c t i o n v a r i e d i n th e d i f f e r e n t r e g i o n s . I n th e S a l t Lake V a lle y adobe do m in a te d from 1847 th r o u g h t h e 1860s, b u t i n t h e 1870s S a l t Lake V a lle y and Weber V a lle y w ere t h e f i r s t r e g i o n s t o r e p l a c e adobe c o n s t r u c t i o n w i t h o t h e r k i n d s o f b u ild in g . T h is r e p la c e m e n t b eg an w ith p u b lic a n d b u s i n e s s c o n s t r u c t i o n and f i n a l l y i n c l u d e d e v en t h e s i m p l e s t d w e llin g s and o u t b u i l d i n g s . W hile S a l t Lake C i t y , Ogden, and o t h e r s o f t h e o l d e s t c e n t r a l and n o r t h e r n U tah c i t i e s were r e p l a c i n g a d o b e, new s e t t l e m e n t s were b e in g fo un d ed e ls e w h e r e — hence t h e c o n t i n u i n g Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.