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114 ^ c o rn e r o f t h e room (R e ed e r, 1 5 9 ). Above th e ground l e v e l th e lo g s w ere c o r n e r - n o tc h e d and p la c e d h o r i z o n t a l l y in th e same m anner a s on a lo g c a b in . R e fe re n c e s t o Mormon d u g o u ts i n d i c a t e t h a t s to n e was p e rh a p s a s common a s lo g f o r dugout c o n s tru c tio n . S to n e s were u sed f o r f l o o r i n g an d f o r l i n i n g t h e i n s i d e w a lls below th e s u r f a c e an d above t h e g ro u n d . Above th e gro u n d s u r f a c e a s to n e fa c a d e w a ll was som etim es m o rta re d w ith an adobe mud (W h itlo c k , 31) o r form ed b y making a s y m m e tric a l heap arc h ed , o v e r th e g a b le ro o f and s i d e s o f th e d u g o u t. In t h e l a t t e r c a s e , th e d u g o u t a p p e a re d t o th e o b s e r v e r as h a r d ly more th a n a p i l e o f d e b r is and ro c k w ith a doorw ay form ed i n f r o n t ; b u t i n s i d e , u n d er a p itc h e d c e i l ­ in g , was a n e a r ly s q u a re room e a s i l y k e p t warm in w in te r and c o o l i n summer. The g a b le d r o o f s w ere made b y la y in g a r i d g e p o le le n g th w is e r e s t i n g e i t h e r on th e h ig h e s t ro c k s o r lo g s o f th e w a ll o r on u p r ig h t p o s ts p la c e d a t e a c h end o f th e du g o u t (Shumway, 1 1 6 ). R o o fin g m a t e r i a l c o n s i s t e d o f e i t h e r p la n k s h a k e s made from a wagon b o x , sm a ll p o le s o n ly a few in c h e s i n d ia m e te r , o r w illo w b ra n c h e s t i e d t o g e t h e r and p la c e d p a r a l l e l t o th e g a b le s lo p e b etw een th e r id g e p o le and e a v e s . Upon th e p o le s o r s h a k e s was p la c e d a la y e r o f bunch g r a s s o r w illo w tw ig s and 6 to 12 in c h e s o f e a r t h , som etim es h e ld -in p la c e by a lo g o r p la n k p la c e d e d g e-u p a lo n g th e l i n e o f th e r o o f a t th e e a v e s . The r o o f in g m a te r ia l on some d u g o u ts was s im p ly h e ld i n p la c e by p i l i n g e a r t h o r s to n e s up to th e Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.