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Show The Hijlory of P L A N T S. It is a native of Peru. C. Bauhine calls it, Lentifcus Peruviana; J. Bauhine o.nd others, Molle. Clqfs the Tenth. Order the Second. D E C A N D R I A D I G Y N I A. Plants which have in every flower ten flamina and two fly!es. D I A. NTH US. T HE calyx is a long, cylindric, firiated, permanent perianthium ; it's mouth is erect, and divided into .five fegments; it's bafe is furrounded with four fquammulre, two of which fiand lower than the rell:: the corolla conlifts of .five petals, the ungues of which are of the length of the cup; they are narrow, and inferted into the receptacle: the limb is plane, and the braCl:ere of the petals broadeil: at the extremity and ferrated : the il:amina are ten fubulated filaments, of the length of the cup, patu~ lous at their tops : the antherre are of an oval, oblong .figure, comprelfed, and incumbent : the germen is oval; the fiyles are two, fubulated, and longer than the fiamina: the aigmata are bent back and acuminated: the fruit is a cylindric, covered capfule confifiing of one cell, and opening four ways at the top: the feeds are numerous' compreifed, and roundiili; the receptacle is free, quadragonal, and but of half the lengtl; of the fi·uit. This genus comprehends the Caryophyllus of Tournefort, &c. and the Tunica of Dillenius. The fiyles in fame fpecies are but little longer than the ftamina; in others they exceed them greatly, but they are, in this cafe, always revolute a great way. r. Dianthus caulibus unijloris, fquammis calycinis ovatis, co- · rollis multijidis. The Jingle-flowered Dianthus, with the fquammce of the cup oval, and the corollce multifid. ®ttti.lttt ~tnlt. The root is ilender, white, and fibrated. The fialks are round, green, ilender, and procumbent. The leaves ll:and ver~ clofe, in pairs, on thefe, and are oblong and narrow; from the procumbent ftalks nfe others, erect, £lender and four or five inches high;. on thefe ftand one or two pairs of oblong, narrow le~ves, furrounding the fl:alk at thetr bafe, and, at the ~op of each ftalk, fl:ands a fingle, large, and beautiful flower, of a pale red colour; fomettmes there are two, or more flowers on the fialk but a lingle one is moft ufual. ' ' It is found .in barren places with .u.s. Ray ~ails it, Caryophyllus minor repens noftras; C. Bauhme, Carophyllus humtlts flare umco. Authors have made feveral othei' imaginary fpecies from the different accidents of this. 2. Dianthus jloribus folitariis, fquammis calycinis Jubovatis, corollis crenatis. The Jinglejlowered Dianthus, with the fquammce of the cup fuboval, and the corol!ce crenated. fllobt ]u~ fp;:fiolber. The root is ~mall, white, and fibrated. The ftalk is erect, round, jointed, and a foot and a half h1g~. The leaves ftand in pairs, and are long, narrow, pungent at the ends, and of a blUI.ll:·green colour. The top of the fialk divides into feveral branches, an~ on the extr~mlttes. of t?efe ftand the flowers, which are large, and of a fine fmell; theu colour vanes to mfimty, but the variations all conlill: of red and white in dif-ferent. mixtures and proportions; a deep purpliG1 red is the moil: common. ' It ts one of the great ornaments of our gardens. The carnations are all varieties of this fpecies, o~ing principally to culture. The flowers are ufed as a cordial. The other !pectes a~e, I. The common, wild Pink. 2. The fingle-flowered, procumbent, Chmefe Dt~nthu~. 3· The laciniated-flowered Dianthus. 4· The common, broad-leaved, W1ld Dianthus. 5· The barbated, broad-leaved Dianthus, called Sweet· The Hi)Jory of P L A N T S. Sweetwilliams. 6. The proliferous Dianthus. 7· The narrow-leaved, batbated Dianthus, or Deptford Pink. Tournefort has made about a hundred fpecies, from the varieties of one or other of thefe. SAPONARIA. T HE calyx is a permanent perianthium, formed of a fingle leaf, oblong, and divided into five fegments at · the edge : the corolla conlifis of five petals: the ungues are narrow, angulated, and of the length of the cup : the limb is plane; the braCl:ea! broadeil: toward the extremity, and obtufe : the ftamina are ten fubulated .filaments of the length of the tube of the corolla, alternate, inferted into the ungues of the pefals : the antherre are oblong and incumbent : th.e gennen i~ cylindric; the ftyles are two, firait, parallel, and of the length of the ftamma 1 the fitgmata are acute : the fruit is a covered capfule, nearly of the length of the cup; there is only one cell in it, and it's figure is cylindric : the feeds are numerous and fmall; the receptacle is free : the germen and capfule are, in fome f~ecies, mo~e {bort and rounded, an_d the fegments of the cup are deeper in fame than 111 others; m fome they are almoil: five-leaved. .r. Saponaria ca(ycibtts monophyllis cylindraceis, foliis ovatolanceolatis. The ovato-lanceolate leaved Saponaria, with cylindric, monophyllous cups. ([on nton ~onpruo~t. The root is flender, jointed, creeping, and reddifh on the furface. The ftalks are two or three feet high, fmooth, round, jointed, and, though thick, not very firong. The leaves fiand in pairs ; they are two inches and a half long, and an inch and a half broad, fmooth, and marked with three large, longitudinal ribs. The flowers ftand in a kind of umbels at the tops of the fialks; they are of a pale .flc01 colour, or elfe white, and the petals not bifid, It is common in many parts of England. C. Bauhine calls it, Saponaria major lrevis; others, Saponaria vulgaris. 2. Saponaria calycibus pentaphyllis, corymbis fafligiatis, foliis linearibus, · caule adfcendente. The linear-leaved, afcendent-flalked Saponaria, with pentaphy!lotts cups. The root is oblong, £lender, white, and .fibrated. The fialks are numerous, jointed, often rcddi01, and oblique; they grow to four, five, or more, inches in length. The leaves are long, and very narrow: the .flowers ftand in a kind of umbel at the top, and are ufually white. It is a native of Germany and Sweden. DjJlenius makes ira kind of Spergula. C. Bauhine calls it, Caryophyllus faxatilis .floribus gramineis umbellatis corymbis. 3· Saponaria calycibus pentaphyllis corollis, crenato-emarginatis, joliis · fubulatis. The Saponaria, with jive-leaved cups, crenato-emarginated corollce, and Jubulated leaves. The root is il nder, oblong, white, and woody. The fialks arc round ilender, green, and grow to four inches. The leaves :uc extremely narrow, oblong, and fubulatcd ; they fl:and two at every joint. The flowers fiand only toward the tops of the fblks, and are of a pale red colour, fl:reaked with purple. It is a native of moil: parts of Europe. C. B.mhine calls it, Caryophyllus minimus muralis; Dillenins, Spergula foliis knawel flare purpurafcente; others make it a Lychnis. The other fpecies arc, 1. The hairy, cupped, diffufe-fialked Saponaria, called the littk-flowered, oriental Lychnis. 2. The common, perfoliate, red-flowered Saponaria, called red corn Lychnis. 3· The graffy-leaved, fc'lXifrage Saponaria. 4· The heath- S R leaved, |
