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Show 33s The Hi.flory of P LA N T S. nail. They are all of a bright green, and fmooth: the umbels ~re .about two inches broad, the flowers fmall and white; the feeds are like thofe ~f amfe I.n ~ap~ and fize, but reddifh, and bifid ; and befide the feeds there ar~ produced, m the divancat~ons of the pper branches a kind of foft tubercles, of a turbmated figure, and of the b1gnefs of a ;ea, which pla'nted in the earth, or natur~lly falling on it, produce new .plants. The roots are gathered in the beginning of ~mter, and prepared by macer?tmg fome days in a decoCtion of rice, and then imbibing the fieam of the fame decochon before drying. they are by this means rendered almoft tranfparent. The plant is a native of China and Tar~ary, pro~ably .al~o o~ fome parts of North America as the Ginfeng alfo is. The Chmefe calllt, NJfji, Nm.dfin, and Dfin; the Tartars, 'so(ai ; Krempfer calls it, Sifarum J:?Ontanum correen(e radice non tuber~fa . . It is efieemed, all over the Eafi, a po'_Ve~ful cordial, and a p~ovocative. to venery, and JS giVe~ in almofi all difeafes ; they ufe It m the fame cafes wuh the Gmfeng, but the other IS preferred greatly to it. . The other fpecies of Sium are, r. Th~ fer~ated-leaved, w~ter Smm.. 2. The greatefi, broad-leaved Sium. 3· The cree~mg .smm. 4· The Smm flowermg at the joints, with feiEle umbels. 5· The aromauc Smm, or Amomum of the lhops. B U B 0 N. T HE general umbel is compofed of about ten radii, the midd~~ ones fhorter t~an the reft; the par.tial. umbel has from fifteen to tw~nty radn: the general mvolucrum is compofed of five equal, lanceolated, acuminated leaves, much longer ' than the umbel, and permanent: the partial involucrum is compofed of a larger number of the like leaves, of the length of the umbel: the proper perianthium is permanent, very fmall, and quinquedentate ; the general corolla is uniform : the fingle flowers confift each of five oblong petals, of a lanceolated figure, and inflex : the ftamina fire five fimple filaments, of the length of the corolla; the anther:-e are fimple: the germen is oval, and fiands under the receptacle;' the fiyles are two, fetaceous, permanent, nearly of the length of the corollula, and reflexo-patent : the fiigmata ar~ · obtufe; the fruit is naked, oval, firiated, hairy, coronated, and feparable into two parts : the feeds are two, oval, plane on one fide, and on the other convex, fi riated1 and hairy. 'Bu6on folio/is rhom~oideo-ovatis incijis, umbel/is nume-rofiflimis. . . The Bubon, with rhomboideo-oval, ferrated folio/a, and very numerous umbels. ®acenonlnn ~arfiep. The root is oblong, white, and as thick as a man's finger; the leaves are compofed of a number of pinn<E, which are large, fomewhat like thofe of fmallage, ferrated round the edges, fmooth, and of a dark green. The fialk is round, fi riated, ramofe, and two feet high, hairy, and but moderately thick; the umbels are fmall, very numerous, and white. It is a native Gf Macedonia ; we have it in gardens. C. Bauhine calls it, Apium Macedonicum; others, Petrofelinum Macedonicum. It's feeds are carminative, and ~re ingredients in many compofitions. CUMIN U M. T HE general umbel, and the partial ones alfo, are frequently q~adripartite. The general involucrum is compofed of four leaves, longer than the umbel; they are fometimes intire, fometimes trifid ; the partial involucrum is fimilar : the prope( pe'rianthium is very fmall; the general coro11a is uniform : the fingle flowers con .. fift each of five inflexo-emarginated,and fomewhat unequal petals: the fiamina are five fimple filaments; the antherre are fimple : the germen is oval, largel' than the flower, and ~a~d~ under it's cup: the fiyles are two, and very fmall; the fiigmata are fimple: the trUit IS naked, of an oval figure, and firiated : the feeds are two of an oval figure, convex ~nd ftriated on .one fide, fmooth and plane on the other. ' Of rhts genus there 1s only one known fpecies. CuMrNuM. Tbe Hijlory of P L A N T S~ 339 lJ CUMIN U M. <ll:utnntin. The root is oblong, £lender, white, and of a fweetiili taile; the leavesa re fmall and divided into a multitude o.f .fine obion~, narrovr fegments, of a duiky green co: lour, and fmooth: the fialk IS round, ftnated, ramofe, and about a foot high; the u~bels are moderately large ; the flo~ers fmall and white ; tpe feeds oblong and ftnated. ' , . It is cultivated in the ifland of Malta ~ C. Bauhine calls it, Cyminum femine longiore. The. feeds of it are fometimes ha!ry, w~c:mce fome have attempted to make another fpecies, under the name. of .cymmum hufuto femine, though they agree, that a!l other parts are perfectly a!Ike m both. Some a.lfo have defcribed another fpe~ Ies, under the name of Cummum dulce, not knowmg that Cuminurn dulce is the name by which the Maltefe call anife. The feeds of Cummin are carminative but very naufeous. ' SIS 0 N. · T HE general umbel confiils ~f fewer than fix radii, and thefe unequal; the partial . umbel has lefs than ten radu, and thofe alfo unequal. The general involucrum JS co~pored of four leaves, and unequal; .the partial involucru~ is fimilar : the perianthmm Is very fmall ; the general corolla IS umform ; the part1al corolla is formed of five equal, lanceolated, inflex petals. The fiamina are five capillary filaments, of the length of the corolla; the antherre are fimple : the germen is oval, and fiands under the cup : the fiyles are two, and reflex; the fiigmata are obtufe : the fruit is naked ov~l, Hriated, and feparable , into two parts : the feeds ar~ two, oval, convex, and ftnated on one fide> plane am~ fmooth on the other. I. Sifon foliis pinnatis, ·um6ellis pendulis. The Sifon, with pinnatecf leavps, and pendulous umbels. The root is fmall oblong, white, and fibrated : the leaves are beautifully pihnated. they confift of ~x or eight pair of oval, acuminated pinnre, finely ferrated round th; edges, and termmated by an odd one: the fialks are £lender, numerous, round, firiated, very ramofe, often procumbent, or oblique. The umbels are [mall, and in general pendulous; the flowers very fmall and white. It is frequent in our corn-fields. Ray calls it S~linum fii foliis; Tournefort, Sium arvenfe. · ' ' 2. S!fon folio/is fubcapillaribus. The Sifon, with fubcapillary leaves. The root is fmall, oblong, whitifh, and fweet to the taile: the leaves are moderat~ ly large, and divided into many fegments, which are long, narrow, and almoft capillary ; they refemble the leaves of fennel: the ftalk is round firiated ramofe a foo~ and half high, and the umbels are fmall ; the flowers are :Ooderateiy large ;nd White. It is a native of Italy; but we have it in our gardens. C. Bauhine calls it, Ammi parvum foliis freniculi. The feeds of this plant are the true Semina Ammeos of the 1hops, ufed as a carminative and aperient. OE NAN THE. T HE general umbel is ~ompofed of a few radii, the partial umbel of a great number: the general mvolucrum has many leaves ; the partial involucrum is fmall, and com~ofed alfo of feveral leaves : the perianthium is moderately large permanent, and qUI~quedentated: the g~neral corolla is diffo rm, and radiated: the' fingle flowers of the dtO{ are hermaphrodites; they confitl of five inflexo-cordated and ,nearly equal, petals: the fingle flowers of the radius are hermaphrodites, and ~onfift Gf |