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Show • ·2 The Hiflory of p L A N T S . ·3 7 n. • • h .{i h - · d h Is oblong, an t e f1· m · t !im ooth .. ~ ·m the Corona Imperialis the ne~...\anum IS em1 p e. . ric, and the fruit acutely emargmated. 1 . Fritillaria foliis omnibus alternis • C!t~n:ttttOtt 17:Je Frit!llary, with all the leaves alternate. Jft tttlhltp. Th · fc I'd bulb white and fucculent. The fialk is flender, round, purplilh; e root. ts a: ft h , h . ht about eight inches. The leaves are very narrow, and not ~ery ~o u d; ~ : d~1y green colour . they all !land alternately on the ftalk, long, cannate 'r. anll o b ut fix or feven of th~m on it. The flower is large, often and there are U!Ua Y a 0 d' 1 · · h 1 ng fiend d fin le fometimes two or three grow together : the pe _1c e IS an me o , er an nufan~· . the flower is ufually beautifully checquered With fq~ar.es of~ dar~ P?r~Ie. and f 1• d 1 but flometimes it is white or ha.s a great deal of white m It. 0 a pa e re co our, '. , d c ·B h' Jt is a native of Germany and Sweden, and IS frequent m our gar ens. · a~ me calls it, Fritillaria prrecox purpurea variegata; Dodonreus and Renealm, Meleagns. 2. Fritillaria foliis imis oppojiti~. . ~be ltttlt~ The Fritillaria, with the lower leaves zn pazrs. ·ftolbttttJ jftittllacy. The root is a large, folid bulb; the fialk is round, hender, erect, an~ a foot, or more, hi h: the leaves are narrow, long, and of. a duiky g_reen _colour; there are fifteen g f th the fialk and the lower ones fiand m pairs, oppofite to one ano-ohr twenhty o h em lot n te. Tbe flowers are fmall and of a blackifh purple· colour, and ·t er; t e ot ers a erna · ' h h h the ends of them turn up : )the three interior petals are n~~rower t an t e ot ers, and the whole flower refembles a bell . . It is a native of the Apennines. C. Bauhine and others call it, F ritillaria flore minore. 3· Fritillaria racemo n~diufculo~ folii~ obliquis. The naked-clujlered Fritillary, wtth , obltque leaves. The root is a large, round fquammofe bulb: the flalk 1rifes ·to three ·fee t. high, and js round, flender, ~nd fet full of leaves; thefe are oblo?g, ver.y narrow, and. o~ ~· dufky greyilh-green; at the top of the fialk fian~s a long fp1ke of flowers, each on tt s fe?arate pedicle, an inch and a half, or more, m length.; they are large, of a. deep pm ple colour, and hang downward. , , , . It is a native of the Eaft, but is frequent in· our gardens. C . . Bauhme and other.s call it, Lilium Perficum. 4· Fritillaria racemo comofo, inferne nudo. Tbe Fritillary, witi:J a comofe clujler., naked at the. bottom. The root is a large, compreffed, fquah1mated bulb,. of a whitilh or. redd_ilh colour, and poifonous fmell. The ftalk is round, firiated, th1ck, and three feet htgh. The leaves ftand in clufl:ers on the lower part of the fialk; they ar~ long, narrow, and felnle, adhering by a broad bafe, and rendering the fial~ angular, by runn}ng d?~n it : from the top of this leafy part the ftalk runs up naked, a foot, or more, htgh; 1t 1s flenderer, and not ftriated, but fpotted with purple. The flowers fiand in a clufier at the ~op, three, four, or more, together, bn 'feparate pedicles, each with two narrow, httle leaves at it's bafe; they are large, of a reddiih yellow colour, and dependent. It is a native of Pedia, but is frequent in our gardens. C. Bauhine and oth~rs call it, Corona irnperialis ; Linnreus, in his Hort. Cliffort. Petilium foliis lanceo~atls; he then fuppofed it of a diainct genus from the Fritillary, but afterwards found 1t of the fame. The other fpecies of Fritillary are numerous; their varieties owing to culture much more fo. The more fin gular and certainly difiinct are, I . The large- flowered, autumnal Fritillary. 2. The little, yellow Fritillary. 3· The large, yellow Fritillary. 4· The greeniili-yellow Fritillary. 5· The Fritillary, with umbellated flowers. 6. The branched, purple Fritillaries. Thefe are all called Fritillaries by authors. The Corona lmperialis is a fingle fpecies, though it's varieties defcribed by authors under the na:f The Hifiory of P L A N T S. 373 of fpecies amount to more than twenty. Tournefort enumerates them ; they confiO: in the fiz; and colour of the flower, and in the variegations of the leaves. · T U L I P A. T HERE is no calyx: the corolla is of a campanulated form; . it con lifts of fix petals of an ovate-oblong form, CQ.n cave and erect : the fiamma are fix ihort, fubulated fil~ments : the anthera! are quad rangular, oblong, erect, and difiant: the germen is large, oblong, and trigonal, but approaching to a cylindric for~ : there is no ftyle: the fiigma is trilobate and triangular : the angles are protuberant, b1fid, ?nd permanent: the fruit is a triquetrous capfule, formed of three valves, and contams three cells; the valves are oval, and have a ciliated edge : the feeds are numerous, plane, and placed in a double feries; they are fe mici.rcular, and ~epar.ated by .coniform flocci. Of this genus there is but one k nown fpec1es, though mfimtely vaned by culture. T u L I p A. 3tbt Jrttlip. The root is a moderately large bulb : the radical leaves are oblong, broad~ thick, even at the edges, and of a greyifh-green colour. The ftalk rifes to a foot and a half high and has ufua lly three leaves on it, like the radical ones, but fmaller. The flower is iidgle, and fiands ereCt on the fummit of the fialk; it is large, and of a pale red colour. This is the natural, original Tulip. I t is a native of Greece, and has been introduced into our gardens about a hundred and ninety years, in which time five times as ~any varieties of it have been raifed by culture, and a very confiderable part of thefe defcnbed as di llintl: fpecies by authors : T ournefort alone enumerates confiderably more than a hundred of them as difiinct plan ts. The judicious reader will not wonder that we have greatly reduced the fuppofed number of fpecies in general in this work, when he fees that more than a hundred are here neceff'arily firuck off at once : the varietiei are very beautiful, but they ihould be the delicire of gardeners, not of botanifts • . : 11 · E R Y T H, R 0 N I U M. T HERE is no calyx: the corolla conlifis of fix oblong, lanceolated~ acuminated petals, alternately incumbent on one another at the bafe, and, after gradually becoming wider, turning back from about the middle: the netl:aria are two obtufe, callous tubercles, adhering to the alternate, interior petals, at the bafe : the !lamina are fix fubulated, very ihort filaments: the antherre are oblong : the germen is turbinated : the ftyle is fimple and ftrait, Jhorter than the corolla, but longer than the fiamina : the fiigma is triple, patent, and obtufe : the fruit is a capfule of a fubglobofe figure, narroweft at the bafe, formed of three valves, and containing three cells : the feeds are numerous, and of an ovate-acuminated figure. Of this genus there is only one known fpecies. E R y T H R 0 N I u M. , The root is two inches long, thickefi at the bottom part, and f91aller toward the top: the radical leaves are ufually only two, fometimes three; they are oblong, broad, narrow at the bafe, and terminate in a point, fometimes narrower, fometimes, efpecially when there is only a iingle leaf, broader, and roundilh; they are often four inches long, and an inch b road, of a deep green colour, and ufually fpotted with purple. The ftalk is fingle, round, tender, reddilh, naked, and three or four inches high. The flower js fingle ; it fiands on the top of the ftalk, and is moderately large, and either white or purpliih. It is a native of Spain, Italy, and Germany, and is frequent in our gardens. C. Bauhine calls it, Dens canis latiore folio, and defcribes, as indeed moll: other authors have alfo done, a variety of it as a diftinct fpecies, under the name of Dens canis anguftiore folio. II . I 5 c UVUL ARIA. |