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Show 246 The Hijlory of P L A N T S~ or fix inches high, and, though very ilender, th~y ftand er~et; they have leaves on them, )ike the radical ones, but lefs divided, and on fhort pedtcles~ The flow~r~ are ~ode.,. rately large, and yellow 1 the pods are firait, and hang downwards, on ngld .ped,des, This is a native of many parts of Germany, and Italy. Tournefort calls H, Hype· coon tenuiore folio~ Dalechamp, Cuminum filvefire filiquatum Ponre, 3, Hypecottm Jiliquis ereEiis, teretibus, torulojis. Tbe Hypecoum, with ereE1, rounded, torulated pod,, The root of this fpecies is oblong, ilender, and whitifh : the radical leaves fland oq long pedicles, and are very finely divided: the fialks are round and fmooth ; the leaves on them are very fine and fmall; the flowers are yellow, and nearly of the breadth of<\ !hilling: the pods il:and on ihort, rigid pedicles, and are er~et, rounded, and l<notty, each protuberance containing a fingle, yellow feed. . . . . . This is a native of Ruffia, Amman calls it, flypecoum tenUifolllJI!l fihqu1s erechs teretibus. C/afs the Fourth. Order the Third. T E T R A N p R I A T E T ·R A G Y N I A, P /ants rwhicb pave in each flower four jlamina and four flyles. II I L E X. T HE calyx of the Uex is a very fmall, permanent perianthium, divide~ ~ nto ~our fegments at the verge 1 the corolla con:fifis of ~ fingle, plane petal, dtvtded mtQ four large, roundiih, hollow, patent fegments, cohermg only at the ungues : the fl:a.,. ~iqa arc four fubulated filaments, ihorter than the corolla; the . ~nthe1:re are fmall; the germen is roundiili ~ there is no ftyle, but there are four roundtfh fhgmata : th ~ fmit is a roundiih berry, co'ntaining four cells : the feeds are fin~le, offeou s, oblong~ find obtufe oibbous on one fide, and angulated on the other. This ge~u~ comprehends the Aquifolium of Tournefort, an? the Dodonrea of PI~., mier, only the Dodonrea excludes a fourth p~rt of the numb.er 111 all the parts of fruch· fi.cation. The tree, commonly called Ilex, IS of the oak kmd~ apd has po place herli~ por any right to a generical name dill:incr from ~ercus, !lex foliis ovatis, acutis, ./Pinojis. <!onunon The !lex, with oval-pointedl prickly /eaves, ~oUp. Th.e comma~ fiolly is an ever-greet1 fhrub, ufually rifing. to eight or ten feet hig~ , fomettmes growmg to a tree. The branches are very flextle and tough ; the bark lS greyiG1 on the trunk, and greenifh on the branches; the leaves are of an oblong, ~val figure, prickly at the points, and about the edges; the flowers are fmall, and of .a greyJlh· white; the berries, whit=h fucceed them; are green at firft, but red, when npe. The Holly is a native of England, and almoft all other parts of Europe. c; .. ~au'~' hine calls it, llex aculeata baccifera folio finuato; others, Agrifolium, and Aqutfohum vulgare. Tournefort mentions what he calls ten fpecies of Holly, but they are only varieties of this common ~ind, with variegated leaves, apd other variatioQs, owing to flccident or to culture! · R U P P I A, ll' T H E calyx of the Ruppia confifis of a fmall and thin fpatha~ fcarcely diftingui(]1 .. able from the vagina of the leaves : the fpadix is fubulated, firait, fimple, and~ when the fruit is ripe, becomes crooked, and is furniihed with fructifications, placed in a double feries. There is no corolla, nor any filaments, but a number of feffil~ an-, therre, of a kidney-like ih'}pe~ bivalve, and fixed longitudinally : the pifiil confifis ~f four thin, capillary fiyles, each having an oval germen, and a fimple il:igma : the frUI~ confifis of ~our oval, cortical fubfiances, pointed, oblique, fianding on th~ elongat~q fiyles, and tn each is contained a fingle, roundifb feed, · 'fhis very fin~ular genus comrrehends, fo far as is y~t known, only one f.pecies. R vPNA· The Hi.ftory of P L A N T s. , R. u J? r { A·~ · ~ The Ruppia is an aquatic plant, Ifs root is long an'd creeping, of the thicknefs of fl cr~w-quill, and jointed ; .the joints are about a third of an inch difi:ant~ and at every one It fends down a fibre 111to the mtJd, and a il:alk upwards in the water ~ the fialk is fingle, round, and flender ; the leaves .fiand alternately; they are three inches long, very narrow, and graffy; large and. hollow at the bafe, where they furround the fialk, ~nd, more or lefs, fharp at the pomt, The plant rifes to fix or eight inches high • the leaves il:a.n~ at an ~n,ch and a half difiance : from the alre of every leaf there grow; a branch, furntfhed With two or three other, (uch lG~ves, and WJth the fructifi~ations : the ftyles fupporting ~he gerrnen are near a~ il)~h long. It.loves fait-water d1tch~s. I have m.et wtth 1~ ?n Canvey Ifland in Eifex, and She.ppey m Kent. Ray calls lt, Potamogetton manttmum pufillull;l · C. Bauhine focus frenic~li folio longiore ; and Grame~ m~ritimum fluitans cornut;m. Plukene;, fotf!,:r p1oge1ton fructu fere umbellate~ Micheli, Bucca ferrea ~ P 0 T A M 0 G E T 0 N. T H E Potamogeton has no calyx ! the corolla confifis of four rou~difh, obtufe hoUow, patent, and unguiculated petals: the flamina are four very fhort, plane: obtufe filamen~s : the antherre are fhort, and didymous: the germjna are four, and of an .oval,. acummated figure : th~re are no fiyles : . the fiigrpata a.re obtufe.; there is no pencarpmm : the feeds are four 111 number, round1ili, and acummated~ gtbbops on one tide, and compreffed and angu1ated on the other, 1. Potamogeton 'joliis oblongo-ovatis, petiolis natantibu$. The oblo?zg, oval-leaved Potamogeton, The root of this is long and creeping, of the thicknefs of a qu111, white, and jointed 1 · from every joint there .d:fcend fibres into the mud, and il:alks rife upwards; thefe il:alks are very long, round, J0111ted, pranched, and extend them(~lves to the furface of the water ; at every joint of th~ il:alk ftands a leaf; thofe immedeld 1n the water are narrow and graffy; thofe which float on the furface are brof\d, oblong, and oval, of a browniiligreen colour, and fomewhat like the leaves of plantain, but broadeft at the bafe, and terminating in an obtufe point; thefe ftand. on pedicles of f~ur or five inc~e~ lo!Jg ; ~t that part of the fialk fi·om whence the fp1ke of flowers grows, there are two leaves, placed op~o:fite, and,_ a~ the origin of eq.ch, i_s a thin, pellucid membrane, of a poi teq figure ~ this il:ands withm the al<e of the pedtcle, and furrounds the fpike, while young : the fpt~e, when full grown, is twq or three inches long ; the tlowers are fmaH a,pq yellowtih. · Thi? i: very frequent in our ponds ~nd ditches. C, Bauhine calls it, Potamogeto.n rotun~Ifohum ~ J. l3a4hine, Potarp.og~iton rotundiore folio; otpers~ fontaVs major vulgaqs, 1 2. Potamog-eton foliis cordatis amplexicaulibus. ~ttfoliatt 7.be Potamogeton, with cor dated leaves furrounding the jlalkp ~Onil::::lllttn. The root is long, creeping, white, and jointed: the fialk is round, tender, and pften three or four feet long; the leaves fiand alternq.tely; they are broad at the bafe, ;tnd f~rround t~e il:alk; from thence they gradually grow fmaller to the point; they are thi_n, pelluctd, and of a fhining furface, and are ribbed longitudinally, as thofe of the plantam are : where the fpike of flowers is inferted, there are two leaves, placed oppofite to one another ; the fpike is fhort, and is fupported on a thick pedicle, an in~h a11d a. half long: the flowers are fiPall and yellowiih. T~is is common in ponds, where it ufually makes it's way up to the furface. Ray calls 1t, Potarpogeton perfoliatum; C. Bauhine~ Potamogeiton foliis latis fplendentibus |