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Show 402 The Hiflorj of P L A N T S. STELLER A. "HE Stellera has no calyx; the cqrolla i: deci~u~us, and i~ forme~ of a fi~g,le petal and divided into four fegments, mcludmg the fiamma, wh1ch are eight D nder {h~rt filaments ; the ahtherre are roundi£h ; the fruit is a fingle, naked feed. Th;fe characters fufficiently diil:ingujG1 the Stellera, without a far.d:u~r d~fcription, SAN T _ALUM. HE calyx is a mere margin coronating the germen1 and ilightly quadridentated ; the corolla confifis of a fingl~ petal, of a campanulated form; the limb is plane, quadrifid, and acute; the ftamina are eight· .filaments, inferted into the t_?p of the corolla, and alternat ly fhorter; the antherre are fimple; the germen is turbmate.d, and placed under the receptacle of the flpwer; the fryle is of the length of the fiamma; the fiig-ma is firnplc; the fruit is a berJy. - Of this genus there is only one known fpecies. s A N T A L u M. 3tbe peuoru ann lllbtte: ~au.nnrrs 1tttt. The root is large and brachiated. The tree grows to forty or .fifty feet big~, an~ i~ very ramofe ; it's bark is of a deep brown colour ; the outer part of the wood IS wh1te, the heart yellow. The leaves ftand i'1 an irregular manner on th~ branches; they are pinnated ; the pinnre are ufually three pair and an odd one, each an mch and a half long, three quarters of an inch broad, th'ick, of a fine green colour, and fweet fmell, when brui[ed. The flowers are of a beautiful blue colour 3 the fruit is a berry of the fize of our cherrie . , · It is a native of the Eafi: Indies, and furniilies us with the white and yellow Saunders of the £hops, the firft being the outer part of the wood, the lfltter the heart; they are both efieemed cordial and cephalic. The red Saunders of the £hops is the wood of a filiquofe tree, of a very different clafs from this; nor ate the woods, indeed, at all alike ; one would wonder how they came by the fame name. ME. MECYLUM. T HE calyx is a margin, coronating the germen; the corolla confifi:s of four petals; the ftamina are eight flender filaments; the antherre are tumid; tJ1e ger~ men is roundi{h; the fruit is a berry. The(e characters fufficiently diflinguifh the Mem,ecylum, without a farther de· fcription. VA C C I N I U M. T HE calyx is a very fmall, permanent perianthium, ftanding on the germen: the corolla is formed of a fingle petal, of a c~mpanulated form, divided into four revolut~ fegments at the edge ; the ftamina are eight fimple .filaments; the an~ therre are bicornate, furniilied at the back with two patent ariftre, and fplitting at the top; the germen is placed below the receptacle; the fiyle is fimp1e, and longer than the fia.mina, and the fiigma obtufe: the fruit is a globofe, umbilicated berry, containing. four cells; the feeds are fmall. , This genus compreliends the Vaccini\lm and Oxycoccus of Tournefort. The number of the ftamma~ &c. often varies, adding a four.th; the calyx is in fome fpecies .entire, in others divided into four parts; the corolla 'in the Oxycoccus of Tour-nefort 1sJ when fully bloWn, ·revolute almoft to the bafe. . . f/acciniutn The Hijlory of P L A N T S. 1 • Pacci1ziu1n caule angulato, foliis ovatis firratis, deciduis. The a1zgular-jlalked Vaccinium, with oval, firrated, and deciduous leaves. t;;lnclt ~ iJo~~ ticuccrt~s. The root is very long, woody, and creeping. The fialk is woody, green, angulatcd, and tough, a foot or more in height, and ramofe; the leaves ftand thick, and are an inch long, half an inch broad, pointed at the ends, and ferrated. The fl.owers are fmal~, and of a hollowed figure, and pale red colour; they fiand on fingle ped1cles. The fru1t is a round, umbilicated, bluiih- black berry. It is common with us on heaths. J. Bauhine calls it, Vi tis Id~, angulofa. 2. f/accinium ramis filiformibus, Joliis ovatis perennanti. bus, pedttnculis jimplicibus, flipula duplici. The tbin-)Jalked, oval, perennial-leaved Vaccinium, with jimple peduncles a1zd a double .flipula. The root is long, '\'ery flender, creeping, and of a l'eddi(h colour. The fialks are tough and woody, very thin, reddiil1 in colour, and procumbent. The leaves fiand alternately; they are very fmall, oval, and like the leaves of ferp~l!nm. Th~ flowers grow at the tops of the branches, three or four together; each has It s own ~ediclc, and arifes from a kind of durable cafe_; they are fmall and purple. The bernes are large and red, marked with a purple, cruciform umbilicus, often yellow, and fpotted with red. It is found in boggy places. C. Bauhine calls it, Vitis Idrea palufhis; others, Oxycoccus and Vaccinium palu£his. Th~ other fpecies are, r. The great Vaccinium, or. ~itis ldrea of the fl1ops. 2 •• ~he fmaller-fruited, black Vaccinium. 3· The red Vaccmmm. 4· The oblong, whitlillleaved Vacr..:inium. 5· The Ceylon Vaccinium, with .w.h'te berries. 6. The pyrola.leaved Vaccinium. 7· The acute-leaved, marih Vaccmmm. D' I 0 S P Y R 0 S. T HE calyx of the flower is a fmall, permanent perianthium, formed of a finglc leaf lightly divided into four fegments, and obtufe: the corolla. confi£l.s of a fingle petal, of an ovato-campanulated figure, very lightly divided into four fcgmcnts, obtufe and fmall : the fiamina are eight fhort, fetaceous filam ents: the nnthcrcc are oblong and acuminated ; the germen is roundifh; the fiy~e is fingle, and longer. t~1an the fiamina, lightly divided into four fegments, and the fhgmata obtufe: the frUJt IS a large, globofe berry, containing [everal cells, and placed on a very lat"ge, patent calyx; the feeds are oval and acuminated. This genus comprehends the Guaiacana of Tournefort. There is one fpecics which adds one to the number of all the parts of fructification. Clafs the Eightb. Order the Second. OCTANDRIA DIGYNIA. Plants which have in every flower eight .flamina and two jlyl~s. M 0 E R I-I I N G I A. T HE calyx is a permanent, patent pel'ianthium, compofed of f?u.r little, lanceolated leaves: the corolla is patent, and compofed of four oval, undivided petals, fl1orter than the cup: the ftamina are eight capillary .filaments; the anthercc are fimple _; the germen is globofe; the fiyles are two, erect, and of the length of the ftamma; the fiigmata are fimp1e; the fi·uit i a capfule, of a fubglobof~ .figure, formed of four valves, containing only one cell ; the feeds are numerous, round1fh, and convex on one fide, and angular on the other 1. Moerbingia • |