OCR Text |
Show The Hijlory of P .L A ~ T ·• nefort calls it, Polemonium vulgare creruleum; C. Bauhine and' other~, Valeriana Grreca. " 2. Polemonium calycibu~ lan,atis. ., The woolly-r:Upped P olemonium. The root is compofed of a multitude of long fibres moderately thick, and very tough; the radical leaves are fix inches long, and compofed of a great number of pairs of pinnre, fet crowding on one another with an odd pinna at the end ; they are about half an inch long, not a third of an inch broad, and pointed at the end. The ftalk is round, fmooth, fiender, hairy, and hollow; it ufually grows fingle, and is about a foot and half high. All the way up there fiand pinnated leaves, like the radical ones, but much fmaJler; the upper ones very fmall. The flowers fiand in clufi:ers and are of a beautiful blue colour ; they are twice as large as thofe of the former fpe~ cies, and their cups make a fingular appearance, being woolly and white. It is a native of Siberia, and has not been defcribed before. Linnreus mentions it under the name of Polemonium calycibus 1anatis. , Clafs the Fifth Order the 'Fir.fl. Divijion the Third. Pentandria Monogynia, with monopetalous flowers, and the germen placed under the corolla. CAMPANULA. T HE calyx is a periantbium, divided into five parts, erecto-patent, acute, and placed on the germen : the corolla confifis of a campanulated, fin gle petal, the bafe broad and impervio~s: t?e limb lightly divided into five fegments, broad, acute, and p;1tulous : the nedanum IS fituate in the bottom of the corolla and is formed of five acute, connivent .valves: the fit1mina ~re fi~e very fhort, capiilary filaments, inferted on the fummtts of the valves, whtch form the nedarium: the antherre are longer than the filaments, .and .compreifed : the germen is angular, and placed below the rece?tacle! ~he ~yle ts filiform, and longer than the fiamina: the Higma is oblong, thtck, dtvtded mto three parts, and thofe bent backwards. The fruit is an angulated ~apfule, of a figure approacl ing fo round, containi:ng either three or five cells, and havmg fo many foramina in the fides for letting out the feeds. The feeds are numero~ s and fmall, and the receptacle fixed and columnar. , Thts genus comprehends the ~am.panula, Trachelium, ' Rapunculus and Medius of Kna~t, and .the Speculum :V en~n~. The figure of the pericarpium is not perfectly de~ e~mmate : 111 the Trache.lmm It ts .fcabrous, h.airy, and t rilocular; in the Rapunculus It IS fmooth,. oval, and tnlocular ; ~n t.he. Medms it has .five ~alves, a~d is quinquelocular; and, m the Speculum Venens, 1t IS columnar, pnfmattc, and tnlocular. As the r~ft o~ t~1e c~araCl:ers, however, are alike in all, thefe 9an properly be only made fpeCific diftmchons, not generical, as Ray, Knaut, and,others have made them. I. Campanula foliis radicalibtts reniformibtts, caulibus linearibus. 'lbe Campanula, with the radical/eaves kidney-jhaped, the others linear. , 11\outHl~ leaven l/OtU::tlolllrr. . The root. is oblong, thick, white, and of a pleafant tafie : the radical leaves are e.ght or ten m number; they are of a roundilh, or rather kidney-like fbape of the breadth ~f a fixpence, of a deep green colour, and have pedicles of an in~h long: the ftalk ts round, fmooth, and fix or eight inches high ; at the bottom it has four or five le~ves of an angulated, oblong figure, fomewhat like thofe of ivy; the refi are placed Irregularly, all t?e way up the fialk, pretty clofe to one another ; they have no refemblance of the radtcal or lower leaves, but are an inch long, narrow, graify, and pointed The Hi.ftory of P L , A . N T ~~ ~75 pointed at the ends; at the top of the fialk fiand four or five flowers, large, and of a beautiful blue, fometir:nes a reddiili, fometir:nes a, white, colour. It is commtm with us by way-fides. C. ·Bauhintt· c;,tlls h, ~fl~par;mla. minor 1rotunaifolia vulgaris; and, defcribes twice afterwards, under the 1names of ~ampanula minor rotundifolia fioribus albis, and Campanula Alpina linifolia crerulea. · 2. Campanula foliis lanceolatis, caulinis ·acute ferratis, jlorilus paniculatis nutantibus. ' · · Tbe lanceolaied, Jerrated-leav~d Campanttla~ with nutant1, paniculated : flowers. . The root is oblong, white, moderately thick, and efculent; the radical leaves .fiand on pedicles of three ihches long ; they are two inches and a half long, an inch and a half broad, pointed at the extremity, and of a deep green colour. The fialk is rigid, hollow, and two feet high : the leaves fiand fingly on it; their pedicles are moderately long ; their fbape like that of the common fringing nettle, but narrower; they are 1harply ferrated at the edges, and', before the" flowers appear, there is a tuft of thefe leaves on the fialks like a rofe, but thefe, when the flowers are ripe, are difpofed, like the rell, along the fialk: they are all fmooth, of a deep green colour, and rigid to the touch : the flowers fiand in a kind of panicles ; they are fmall, blue, ~nd nutant. This is a native of R~1ffia, but we have it in fome of our gardens. Amman calls it, Campanula urtic~ foljis anguftioribus glabris rigidifque. 3· Campanula capfulis q~J:inquelocularibus teEiis, calycis Jinubus rejlexis. The quinque/ocular f ruited, long-leaved Campanula. The root is large and oblong, white, efculent, and of a very pleafant tafie. the radical leaves are oblong, moderately broad, crenated at the edges, and terminat; in a point: they ftand on pedicles of two inches long, and are of a pale green, and hair.y : the fialk gr?ws to three feet h.igh: the leaves ftand irregularly on it, and are oblong, narrow, hatry, and crenated hke thofe of ~he root; the tops of t.he branches fupport a number of flowers, large, oblong, ventncofe, and of a beautiful blue, fometimes purplin1, and fometimes white, colour. It is a native of Germany and Italy, and is very common in our gardens. Camera-. rius calls it, Medium ; Dodona:us, Viola Mariana; C. Bauhine, Campanula hortenfis folio et flore oblongo. 4· Campanula foliis undatis, radicalibus lanceolato-ovatis pa- , nicula coarElata. lft.antpiong. 7be undulated-leaved Cqmpanula, with a narrow panicle. ~he root is long, white, and thick, fometimes fimple, fometimes multiple : the r~dtcal leaves are numerous, oblong, broad, and of a bright green colour : the fialk nfes to two or three feet; it is fiender, ftriated, angular and hairy: the leaves fiand thick upon it without any order; they are long and narr~w, broad at the bafe, where they adhere to the fialk without any pedicle, and thence gradually narrower to the point, and very finely ferrated at the edges : toward the top the ftalk fends up many branches, and .at t~e tops_ of thefe ftand the flowers ; they are large, beautiful, and of a fine blue, wHh lines ?f red ; t!1ey ar~ deeply divided into five fegmcnts, and each fegm~nt has three red ltnes or finre on It :- the whole plant is full of a milky juice ; it's root IS eaten raw . It is a native of Germany, but is frequent in our gardens. C. Bauhine calls it, Rapunculus efculentus ; Dodonreus, Rapunculum. 5· Campa .. |