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Show The Hijlory of P L A N T S. Papaver caule multijloro, JoliiJ· Jimplici6us gla/Jris. The fimple, Jmooth-leaved P apa'Qer, with many flowers on the jlalks. The root is fibrous and white. The plant rifes to four feet high. The il:alk is ro-· hufi and ereCt, round, of a greyilh-green, and fmooth. T~e leaves are four or five inches long, two and a half broad, fmooth, laciniated at thetr edges, and of a bluilhgreen colour. The flowers ftand at the tops <?f the brancl~es, a~d are very large, of a whiti(h colour, but black toward the bortom. The fnut, whtch fucceeds thefe; is the common Poppy-head of the {hops. It is a native of moft parts of Europe, and is cultivated every-where in gardens. C. Bauhine calls it, Papaver hortenfe femine albo; others, Papaver album fativum. There are four varieties of this plant defcribed as feparate fpecies by authors: r. The black-feeded Poppy. 2. The fimbriated, or crifl:ated, Poppy of C~ Bauhine, with the flowers and feeds white. 3· The criftated Poppy,1 with red flowers and black feeds; and, 4· The double-flowered, white Poppy. The old authors have recounted thefe as difl:inCl fpecies: our gardeners have of late multiplied the varieties of the double Poppies to an amazing number, and fome have alfo added thefe to the number of fpecies. The truly difiinet fpecies of Papaver, befide the common one, are, 1. The purpleflowered, horned Poppy, commonly called a Glaucium; of this alfo there are two varieties, called difl:inet fpecies, the longer and ihorter headed Argemone. 2• The great-flowered, very hairy, oriental Poppy. 3· The yellow, fweet-flowered Poppy, with naked fialks. 4· The common field Poppy; the varieties of which, with large and with double flowers, have alfo been called difiinct fpecies. 5· The hoary-feeded Poppy. 6. The fmaller, many-flowered Poppy. 7· The undivided-leaved, corn Poppy. 8. The yellow PopPY, 9· The coriander-leaved Poppy. 10. The hypecoum-leaved, oriental Poppy. All the Poppies have a narcotic quality; the opium of the !hops is the produce of the firft fpecies in Turky; with us the fyrup of diacodiutn is made of the beads. A R GEM 0 N E. T HE calyx is a roundilh fpatha, compofed of three hollow, pointed, deciduous leaves : the corolla confifts of five rouhdifh, ereeto-patent petals, larger than the cup : the ftamina are numerous, filiform, and of the length of .the cup : the antherre are oblong and ereCt: the germen is oval and pent.angular: there is no ftyle: the .fiigma is thick, obtufe an'd reflex, divided into five parts, and permanent : the fruit is. an oval, penta.ngular capfule, containing one cejJ, and feeming as if formed of five valves : the feeds are numerous, and very fmall: the receptacles are linear, and grow to the angles of the pericarpium ; they do not burl!. This genus is nearly allied to the papaver; there is but one known fpecies of i,t. A R G E M 0 N E. 1 The.root is fibrous. The plant grows to a foot high~ ,l'he ftalk is round, thick, and pnckly. The leaves are oblong, jagged, and ptickly at the , edges, and of a pale green colour, variegated with lines and ftreaks of white. The flow ers are large and yellow, and grow in the alre of the leaves. It is a native of .Mexico, and of fome of the Caribbee iflands. C. Bauhine calls it, Papaver fpinofllm; Tournefort, Argemone Mexicapa. S A R A. C E N A.· T HE Sar~ena has a doubl~ perianthium; the low~r i~ co,mpofed of three fmall, . oval, deciduous leaves; the upper one of five large, coloured, fuboval, and ?e-. c1duous ones : the corolla confifis of five petals, of an oval figure, bent, and covermg the ftamina; their ungues are firait and oblong: the ftamina are very numerous, fmall, filaments: the .antherre are fimple; .the germen is roundi{h; the ftyle is cylindric, and very lhor.t: the fiigma is permanent; it is clypeated, peltated, pentangular, and covers the ftamma : the fruit is a roundi{h capfule with five cells : the feeds are numerous, roundi!h, and acuminated, J This The Ei.flory of P t A N 1' s. This genus comprehends the Calophyllon of Morifon, and the Bucanophyllon of Plukenet. Saracena fpliis !Jreviori6us. The jhorter!...leaved Saracena. 3tbt l)Ol!Olb;: Ieaben ~l«nt. The root is brown, hard, oblong, and creeping; the leaves are of a il:range form, hollow: and tu.mid: they are ·ten or tWelve in number, four or five inches long, an inch in diameter, rounded, but fotnewhat gibbofe, narroweft at bottotn, and toward the top having a cavity there that will admit a man's thumb. At the top ~here ftands a kind of lip, broad and patent, hoary underneath, and ferving a~ a kind of operculum, being moveable, as it were, on a hinge; the opening of the cavily of the leaf is often covered with this. Thefe leaves ftand ereCt ; but there are, befides thefe, a fet of others, which are flat, roundiih, two or three inches long, and fpread round the bafe of thefe on the ground : the ftalks are naked, and about a foot high ; on the top of each fiands a fingle flower, which is an inch and a half long, near an inch in diameter, not quite erea, of an odd form, and of a purplifh colour. It is a native of many parts of America, in damp places, and about the fea. C. Bauhine calls it, Limonio congener Clufii ; and moft of our old writers defcribe it under the name of the firange, hollow-leaved plant. The other fpecies are, I. The longer-leaved, yellow-flowered Saracena. 2. The .O.ender-il:alked Saracena. CLUSIA. T HE calyx is a perianthium, compofed of five roundifh, hollow, patent, and permanent leaves; the corolla conGfis of five large, hollow, roundi{h ·petals : the neetarium is globofe; it is formed of a fingle leaf, and includes the germen, , but is open at the fummit, to give paifage to the fiigma : the ftamina are very numerous, fimple filaments, ihorter than the corolla: the antherre are fimple; the germen is of an ovato-oblong figure i there is fcarce any fiyle : the ftigma is ftellated, plane, obtufe, and has fix dents at the edge : the fruit is an oval capfule, with fix furrows on it; it is formed of fix valves, and contains £x cells; the valves open into a radiated form '; the feeds are numerous, oval, and covered with a .pulp, and fixed to a columnar, angular receptacle. The number, in regard to the fcuit, varies from fiv~ to ,ten; and the fame proportion is obferved in the fiigma, the valves, and the cells. It is an American, defcribed by Plumier and by Plukenet, under the name of Cen .. chrimedea. · MUNTIN G I A. T HE calyx is a perianthium, formed of a fingle leaf, divided into five fegments, and hollowed at the bafe: the fegments are large, lanceolato-acuminated, and permanent: the corolla confifis of five petals, large, roundilh, and inferted into the cup : the fiamina are numerous, and very iliort, capillary filaments; the antherre are fimple : the germen is globofe and hairy; there is no ftyle : the fiigma is capitated and pentagonal: the fruit is a globofe berry, containing only one cell, and umbilicated with the ftigma: the feeds are numerous, roundi{h, ·and very fmall. It is a nativ~ of South America, and is figured by Plumier. S A N G U I N A R I A. T HE calyx is a deciduous fpatha, formed of two ]eaves, oval, hollow, and fhortcr than the flower: the corolla confifl:s of eight oblong, obtufe, very patent petals, alternately narrower, and placed interiorly: the ftamina are numerous, fimple filaments, iliorter than the corolla; the antherre are fimple : the germen is oblong and compreifed; there is no fiyle : the ftigma is thick, bifulcated by a firia of the length of the ftamina, and permanent: the fruit is an oblong, ventricofe capfule, formed of two |