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Show rs8 The Hi)lory of P LA N T S. die; the leaves fall ~ff by the petioles breaking .at this joint, and, in ~onfequen~e of this, thtre tetnains a part of it on the branches, whtch thence appear as 1t were fp~nofe ; at the extremities of the branches fiand the flowers in duflers; three: , five, or nme fi?wers , ufually £land together; they are large and w~ite, each has It s feparate ped1~Ie. They fmell extrearnly fweet, [omewhat like the lilly of th~ valley- ~ower, but wah a flavour of the citron among it: they frnell much fweeter m the n1ght than at any other time. f h E fi I d · This fpecies is a native of Malabar, ~nd fome other parts o t e ~ n 1es. \Ve have it in {orne of our gardens. It requues a fl:ove heat, and .flowe~ w~~h us, bnt clvcry feldom ripens it's fruit here. It has been generally called, ~a{mmu~ ra 1cu~ _; an . the firfi oil or effence of jafmine, or jeffamy, we were acquamt~d with, was di~Illed from the flowers of this {hrub, not from jafmine. Ray calls ~t, Sauchac .~rabJcun~, fi~e jafminum Arabicum. Clufius gives it the fame name, with the addHI~n. of - ~tve irringa Arabica. In the Hortus Cliffort. it is called, ~yCI:anthes ~aule vo!~bili. folll~.fubovatis acutis; and, in our Gardener's Catalogue, Jafmmum Arabtcum folns Ltmonu con-jugatis. 2. NyEianthes foliis omnibus lanceolatis. j'Jnllian 17:Je NyEianthes, with all the leaves lanceolated. Jlafntint. This fpecies is larger and more robufi: than the former,; it grows to fix feet high, and is very much branched : the young b1:anches are covered with a fine down, the older are hard, geniculated, and covered wtth a brov:n crack~d bark. The ~eav~s g~ow in pairs, and are oblong and lanceolated, b:o~d.efl: m the mtddle, and termmatmg m a very long, narrow point. They are of a ilunmg, gloffy, green colour, and are fmooth both on the upper and under furfaces. ' They have no fmell, but are of a very bitter talle. The flowers are large and white, of a fine fragrant fcent, and they ufually ftand three or five in a clufier. The fruit is a fmall black berry, confifiing of a pulpy matter, covered with a very thin fkin, and containing one feed. This is a native of Malabar, Java, and Ceylon, and has not, that I know of, been yet raifed in any ?f ~ur gardens. R~y calls it, Jafminum lndicum flore polypetalo, exalbido fruCI:u mmon. Rheede, TSJlregam mulla. The ~ther fpecies of the Nyctanthes are, I. The larger-fruited Nytl:anthes, or Kater Tsjiregam mulla of the Hortus Malabaricus. z. The red-edged Nyctanthes, or Kater pi.tsjegam muller of the H. M. and 3· The larger-leaved, weak-fialked Nyctanthes. All thefe are natives of the Eafi Indies. We fometimes meet with fpecimens of them prepared upon the fpot; and fome of them have been kept in the ftoves of the late Lord Petre, and other curious perfons4 . JASMIN U M. THE calyx of the Jafminum is a tubulated, oblong perianthium, confifiing of a fingle leaf, divided into five fl1ort fegments at the edge, and ftanding ereCt. The corolla confifis of a lingle petal. The tube is cylindric and long; the limb plane and divided into five fegments. The fiamina are two fl1ort filaments; the anther~ are fmall, and are hid within the tube of the corolla. The germen of the pifiil is roundifh; the fi yle is capillary, and of the length of the ftamina, ·and the fiigma is bifid. The fruit is a fmooth oval berry, containing two cells: the feeds are two in number; they are large, of an oval, oblong figure, convex on one fide, and flat on the other, and they are covered with a membrane. . The figure of the flower varies ; it is fometimes acute, fometimes obtufe, but the number and proportion of the fiamina is regular and conftant; the fruit is a fingle berry in fome, and a double one in others. '1. Jafminum foliis oppojitis pinnatis. 1he Jafmine, with oppojite, pinnated lea·ves. <tonunon jjaftnint. This is the common Jafmine. It is a weak lhrub; it's branches rife to fix, feven, or eight feet high, if fupported; they are thin and tough, and the young ones are green, the older b.rownif!l. The leaves are pinnated ; there ufually are three pinnre on each fide the mtddle nb, and an odd leaf at the end. The pinnre are all !hort, and pointed The Hijlory of P L A N T s.· 159 pointed at the ends: they are fmooth, and of a deep green colour. The flowers grow, as it were, in an umbel, and are of a very fweet fmell. It rarely produces it's fruit with us ; where it does, the berry is greeni!h, and the feeds round. . This !hrub though now fo common with us, and hardy e~ough to bear fo well the feverity of ou: climate, is originally of Eafi ln9ian origin. The oil of Jafmine, or, as it is vulgarly called, eifence of Jeifamy, is now ufually prepared from the flowers of this fpecies, C. Bauhine calls it, Jafmioum vulgatius flore albo; others, Jafminum vulgare. 2. Jqfminum foliis alternis, ternatis, pinnatifque, ramis teretibus. 'lbe round-branched Jafmine, with alternate, ternate, and pinnated leaves. This fpecies grows to four feet, or more, in height, when properly fupported. It's .branches are reddiili, and the young {}~oots are rounded, excfpt for two ihire, on the fides, from the petioles or pedicles of the leaves. The leave ufually ftand three together, fometimes feven, in a pinnated manner. They are la ge, and of an oblong figure, fomewhat refembling thofe of the pomegraiY te, ovated, fca·rce at all pointed, of a fine !hining green colour, and not at all dc>ntated at the edges. The flowers fiand in a fort of umbels, like thofe of the common J alinine; they are large, of a fine {hining yellow colour, and extreamly fweet fme 1; thee are fucceeded by oblong berries, green, at the firft, but yellow and pellucid, when ripe. T_his fpecies is a native of the Eaft Indies, and of fome other places : it is not uncommon in our green houfes. Ferrarius calls it, Jafminum lndicum, flavum, odoratiffi ... mum, a name mofl: other authors have borrowed for it. Linnreus, in the H. C. calls it, Jafminum foliis alternis, ternatis, obtufis. 3· Jafminum foliis alternis, ternatis, pinnatf(que, ramis angulatis. The angular-6ranc/Jed Jafinine, , with alternate, ternate, and pinnated leaves. This rifes to be a fhrub of the fame kind of ftatllre with the common Jafmine. It's branches are tender, green, and flexile, and a little angulated. The leaves are in general ternate, but in the middle of the branches pinnated, and compofed of feven pinnre: the lateral leav,es are oval, and pointed, and are twice as fmall as the terminating leaf, which is large, of an oval figure, pointed at the extremity, and narrow at the bafe. They are all of a firm fl:ructure, fmooth and gloify. The flowers are yellow, and fmell very fweet: they .fiand in a kind of umbels, as thofe of the other fpecies do, and t~e fegme?ts are ob~ufe~ The fruit is a moderately large, oblong, black berry. Th1s fpecies lS found wtld m many parts of the Eafl: Indies. I c is not u~common in our green houfes : it is an ever green, and flowers very plentifully With US. .c. Bauhine calls i_t, Jafm~num humile l~teum. J .. Bauhin~,. Gelfe~inum five Jafnunum luteum. Lmnreus, m the Hort. Chffort. Jafmmum folns alternis, tematis acu-minatis. ' 4· Jafminum joliis alternis, ternatis, jimplici!Jufque, ramis angulatis. The alternate, ternate, and Jimple-leaved :Jqfmine, with angulated branches. The root of this fpecies is remarkable for it's creeping: it runs under the furface to a great difiance; from this there arife a number of !hoots or feparate plants; thefe grow to be five or fix feet high: the fialks are angular and green, and fend out many branches. On thefe grow the leaves, fometimes fingle, but ufually three on a pedicle. They are fmall, and in fome meafure refemble thofe of rue. The flowers ftand on the tops of the branches ; they are yellow, and like thofe of the common J afinine. They are fucceeded l:>y large round berries, red, when ripe. This fpecies is a native of France Spain, and Italy : it is common in the hedges about Montpelier. It is not wild wid~ u~, but is c?mmon in our g~rdens .. C: Bauhin~ calls it~ Jafminutn luteum vulgo dictum bacc1ferum, J. Bauhme, Tnfohum fruucans qu1bufdam polemonium fiore luteo .. |