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Show The Hi}Jory of P L A N T s. 4-75 MAMMEA. T H E calyx is a deciduous perianthium, compofed of two fmall, concave, oval leaves : · the corolla con fills of four roundilh; hollow, patent petals, larger than the leaves of the cup : the ftamina are numerous, fimple filaments, of about half the length of the corolla; the anther<E are roundiili ; the germen is roundilh ; the ftyle is conic, and of the length of the ftamina; the ftigma is fimple and permanent: the fruit is a very large, fleiliy berry, pointed with the ftyle of a fpherical figure, and con~ taining only one cell : the feed is callous, and of an oval figure. It is a native of South America, figured by Plumier 4· C A L 0 PH Y L L U M. T HE calyx is a deciduous, coloured perianthium, divided into four fegmel).ts : the corolla confifis of four roundilh, hollow, patent petals, and is larger than the cup : the ftamina are numerous, capillary filaments, iliorter than the corolla ; the an .. therce are roul'ldi(h; the germen is roundilh; the fiyle is of the length of the fiamina, and fimple; the ftigma is capitated; the fruit is a large, globofe drupe, with only one cell : the feed is a large, fingle, globofe, acuminated nut. It is a native of the Eafi Indies, and of South America. Plumier calls it Calaba. EUPHORBIA. T HE calyx is a rugofe, bellied, coloured perianthium, permanent, compofed of a fingle leaf, and divided into four, fometimes into five, fegments at the edO'e: the corolla confifis of four, fometimes five, petals; they are thick, gibbous, turbinared truncated, and fituated irregularly, alternately with the fegments of the cup, and ar~ affixed -by their ungues to the edge of the cup; thefe, as well as the cup, are permanent : the ftamina are numerous filaments, twelve, or more, flender and affixed to the receptacle, and longer than the corolla : the antherre are globofe and didymous ; the fiyle is fimple and fhort ; the germen roundilh, but three-cornered : the .fiigmata are three, fernibifid and obtufe: the fruit is a roundiili, trilobated capfule, containing three cells, and hanging on the fiyle, which becomes elongated ; the feeds are fingle and roundilh. This genus comprehends the Tithymalus, the Tithymaloides, the Efula, and the Euphorbium of authors. The Euphorbium has a flea1y or angular .ll:alk; and the .petals, in [orne 1pecies, are trifid; it has no leaves. The Tithymalus has leaves on the ftalk, and the fialk of the common kind; and the Tithymaloides has the calyx, gibbous on the lower fide. · After thefe difiinetions, defcriptions of any of the fpecies are not nece{Euy. The fpecies, called Euphorbia by authors, are, 1. The thick-ftalked, cereus-like Euphorbia, from which the Euphorbium of the {hops is obtained. 2. The thinner-fialked, cereus-like Euphorbia. 3· The [even-ribbed Euphorbia, with long fpines. 4· The many-ribbed, tuberculous Euphorbia. 5· The four or five-ribbed, thick Euphorbia. 6. The tuberous, fquammous-ftalked Euphorbia. 7· The Medufa Euphorbia. 8. The conic Euphorbia. 9· The opuntia-like Euphorbia. 10. The Euphorbia, without prickles. Of thofe, called by Boerhaave Tithymaloides, there are, r. The large, myrtle-leaved Euphorbia. 2. The nerium-leaved Euphorbia. 3· The broader, nerium-leaved Euphorbia. The fpecies, called Tithymals by authors, are very numerous. We have, native in our own kingdom, r. The wood-fpurge, or great almond-leaved Euphorbia. 2. The longer-leaved, wood Euphorbia. 3· The rough-fiuited Euphorbia. 4· The feafpurge, or Euphorbia. 5· The knobby-rooted Euphorbia. 6. The wild, broad-leaved Euphorbia. 7· The long-leaved, corn Euphorbia. 8. The round-leaved, fea Euphorbia. 9· The dwarf, annual Euphorbia. ro. The fun-fpurge, or Euphorbia. r 1. The little, round-leaved .. Euphorbia. 12. The little, purple, round-leaved Euphorbia. The |