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Show 4S:4 The Hijlory of P L A N T S. red. The Heart Cherry, the May~duke Cher~y, and all the other large red Cherries, are varieties of this fpecies, and are mofily owmg to culture. . 2. Cerafus foliis ovatis. 7be oval-leaved Cerafus. 3tbe 11\ock q(l}etrp. The root is brachiated ; the trunk thick, and ufually tortuous; the ~ree not very tail, but fp1·eading. The leaves are oval, approaching to round, but ltttle longer than wide, of a bright green colour, and ferrated rm~nd the edges. ~he flowers are lar~e, white, and fragrant. The fruit is fmall, roundilll, black, and hitter to the tafl:e : u's juice is of a deep purple colour. . . It is a native of mnny of the northern parts- of EurdPC:· . J. Bauhme. calls It, Cerafus fylvefiris amara Mahaleb putata; C. Bauhine, Cerafo afhms; Camerarms, Mah~leb. The other really diftintl: fpecies of this genus are, I. The round-leaved, Alpme Cerafus. 2. The clufter Cerafus. 3. The fmall-fruited Cerafus. PAD US. T HE calyx is a permane~t periant~i~m, ~ormed of a fingle leaf, of a campanu~ lated figure, villofe at tli.e bafe, divided mto. five fegments, pa~ent, and fcar~e at all reflex: the coro11a confifts of five large, rbundilll, patent peta~s, mferted by the1r ungues into the edg6 of the calyx: the frarnina are twen~y or tfu.rty filaments, of a fubulated figure, nearly of the length of t~e corolla, and. mferted mto the calyx: the antherre are roundiih ; the germen is roundtfh ;. the ftyle Is. fi~iform, an~ of the length of the Ramina: the 11:igma is obtufe and entire: the frmt IS a roundtili drupe: ~he feed is an oval, acuminated nut, with a furrow: the receptacle of the flower~ whtch invefl:s the inner furface of the cup, is hairy in this genus. This comprehends the Laurocerafus, and Cerafus avium of authors. r. Padus glandulis duabus doifo jolio,:u1n innatis. The Padus, wifh fwo g!andules on the bacR. of the leaf The root is brachiated and large. The tree grows to a moderate fize ; it's trunk is thick, and ufually tortuous; the young {hoots are green. The leaves are green all the winter ; they are four inches long, two broad, even at the edges, and of a firm ftructure. 'The flowers are fmal1, white, and cluftered together. The fruit is large, fomewhat oblong, and black, when ripe. It is a native of the Eaft. Clufius firfi brought it into 'Europe, i1r 1576; it is now every-where in onr gardens. Authors call it, Laurocerafus, and Laurocerafus vulgaris. 2. Padus glandulis duabus baji foliorum JubjeClis. The Padus, with two glandules at the bafi of the leaves. 3tbe JJ5iril' 5 QL':bttrp. The root is brachiated and fpreading. The tree grows to a moderate height. It's bark is brown ~ it's young lhoots reddilh. The leaves are oblong, broad, ferrated, and of a dark green colour on the upper fide, and whitilh underneath, when the fruit is ripe. The flowers are large and white; they 11and on feparate pedicles, on a long fialk, forming a kind of fpike. The fruit is black, when ripe, and of a fweet ta{le, but not very agreeable. It is a native of the north of England. C. Bauhine calls it, Cerafus racemofa fylveftris fructu non eduli. The only known fpecies, befide thefe, is the leifer Portugal Laure?, with oval leaves. , STYRAX. T HE calyx is a lhort, erect, cylindric perianthium, formed of a fingle leaf, and divided into five fegments : the corolla is of an infundibuliform !hape, and confifl:s of a fingle petal : the tube is cylindric, and no longer than the cup : ~he limb is large) patent, and divided into five lanceolated, obtufe fegments: the fiam~na are numerous filaments, placed in a circular direction, of a· fubulated figure, and m-ferted Tbe Hij}ory of P LAN T S. 455 {erted into the corolla : the antherre are oblong and firait ~ the germen is roundifh; the ftyle is fimple, and of the length of the fi:amina ; the fiigma is truncated ; the fruit is a roundiili drupe, having only one cell; the feeds are two, roundilh, acuminat~d nuts, convex on one fide, and plane on the other. Of this genus there is only one known fpecies. S T Y R A x. The root is large and divided; the tree grows to tWenty or thirty feet high; the bark 'sofa duiky brown, the young roots reddifh : the leaves !land alternately; they are of a roundiih figure, but pointed at the extremities, and fomewhat refemble thofe o£ the quince; they are an inch and a half long, nearly as broad, and whitilh under .. neath: the flowers fiand five or fix together ; they are large, white, and fragrant: the fruit is flefhy, and of the fize of a hazel nut. The tree is a native of feveral parts of Europe, and of the Eafr. In the latter part of the world it affords the fragrant refin, called Styrax, on wounding it's trunk4 C. Bauhine cal1s it, Styrax folio mali Cotonei; others fimply, Styrax arbor. · SAM Y D A. T HE calyx of the Samyda is fituated under the germen, and there is no corolla : thefe characters fufficiently diftinguiih it from all the other genera, without a farther defcription. Clafs the Twelfth. Order the Second. ICOSA.NDRIA DIGYNIA. Plants which have hollow, monophyllous cups, with the corollce affixed by their ungues to the fides of them, and about twenty jlamina infirted either into the corolla, or into the fide of the cup, and which have in every flower two jlyles. C R .A T .lE G U S. T HE calyx is a permanent, concave, patent perianthium, compofed of a fingle leaf, and divided into five fegments: the corolla confifts of five hollow, roundifh, feffile petals, fixed to the cup: the ftamina are twenty in number; they are of a fubulated figure,. and inferted into the cup : the antherre are roundifh; the germen is placed under the receptacle; the 11:yles are two, filiform and erect: the 11:igmata are capitated: the fruit is a fl.efhy, roundiili, umbilicated berry : the feeds are two, oblong, diftintl:, and cartilaginous. I. Cratcegus foliis ovatis, repando-angulatis, ferratis. ilicgint<t The Cratcegus, with oval, ferrated, repando-angulated leaves. 1tborn. The root is fpreading; the tree grows to twenty feet high, and is ramofe: the leaves are divided deep in many places, but are in the whole of an oval figure, or approaching to fuch; the flowers are moderately large and white : the fruit is of the 1ize of of a fmall nut, like the common haw in fhape, but of a fine fcarlet colour : the branches of the tree are armed with iliarp and robuft thorns. It is a native of Virginia. Plukenet calls it, Mefpilus apii folio Virginiana fructu, amplo coccineo. 2. Cratagus |