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Show 1be Hiftory of P L A N T S. of a gloffy [urface, thick, firm, and placed near one another; they are lightly dentated at the edges. The flowers are fmall, and of a greenilh colour; they hang in clu flers frotn the alee of the leaves, and each has it's feparate pedicle. The fruit is a round berry, red, when ripe. In this fpecies fome fhrubs bear only male flowers, others hermaphrodite ones and berries. It is a native of France, Italy, a?d Ger~any; w~ have it fr~9.uently in our gardens. Clufius calls it Alaternus; C. Bauhme, Philyrea elauor et humiltor. 5. Rhamnus jloribus digynis, foliis ovatis. The oval-leaved Rhamnus, with digynous flowers. The root is woody and large. The lhrub grows often to twelve feet high, fametimes it has the appearance of a regular and moderately large tre,e. It's tru nk is covered with a brownifh bark; it's wood is white and firm; the branches are numerous and befet with thorns. The leaves fiand alternately, and are of an oval figure a~ inch and a half long, and an inch broad, obtufe, ferrated at the edges, and of a 'pale green. The flowers fiand in clufiers, at the alee of the leaves; they are fmall and greenilh. The fruit is of the bignefs of a fmall olive, and reddifh, when ripe. It is a native of Spain and Italy; we have it fometimes in gardens. Authors call it Zizyphus and Jujuba. The fruit was at one time u[ed in medicine as a pectoral and fometimes in fevers; at prefent it is not regarded. , C H R Y S 0 P H Y L L U M. T HE calyx is a fmall, permanent perianthium, formed of five roundith leaves: the corolla is formed of a fingle, campanulated petal : the limb is divided into ten fegments, which are alternately roundilh and patulous, and narrow and erect : the Jl:amina .are five fubulated filaments: the antheree are fimple: the germen is roundilh: the fiyle ts fu~u~ated : the fiigma is fimple. The fruit is a large berry, of an oval figure, and contammg one cell : the feeds are offeous, and three in number. This genus comprehends the Cainito of Plumi.er, and is of kin to the rhamnus and fideroxylum ; the characters exprefs the elfential difference from them and render a defcription unnecelfary. ' S I D E R 0 X Y L U M. T. HE calyx is a fmall, erect perianthium, compofed of a fingle leaf, divided into . five feg~ents, and permanent . . The corolla co~fifis of a fingle petal, divided mto fiye roundiili, er.ett, concave fegmei~ts, and, ~t the bafe of every one of thefe, there IS placed a cufpidated, ferrated denticle, bendmg inwards. The fiamina are five rubulate? filaments, of the length of the corolla: the antberee are fimple: the germen 16 roundtlh; t~e f!yle is fub.ulated, and of the length of the fiamina : the fiigma is fimple. The fruit Is a round1il1 berry, containing only one cell : the feeds are four in number, • j: : L Y C I U M . .. 'T ~ E calyx is a fmall, ereCt, obtufe, permanent perianthium divided into five . . egments: the corolla confifis of a fingle, infundibuliform pe;al . the tube is c • lmdrt, patent, an~ crooked : the limb is fmall, divided into five f~g~ents obtufe a~d pa1~u ou~: the ftamma are fiv~ fubula~ed ~laments, growing out of the tube of the co· ro a ; . t ~y are fho~ter than 1t, and mclmated : the antherce are erett : the ermen is ro~nd1lh. the fi~l~ IS fimple! and longer than the fiamina : the fti rna i t·fid and thick. The frUit IS a roundilh berry t · · · 11 h g s 1 nd k'd . ' con aim~g two ce s: t e feeds are numerous, a I ney-lhaped: the receptacles are convex and affixed to the d'ffi · Tl · h · ' 1 1p1mentum llS genus compre ends the Lyctum and Jafi}linoides. ' 1. LycirJm The Hijlory of P L A N T S. 1. Lycium foliis ovatis dentatis. The Lycium, with oval, dentated leaves. 293 ~bignon 3I:lJOltt. The root is formed of a number of woody ramifications. The ihrub rifes to fix, or more, feet in height, and is very much branched, and armed with long and robuft thorns. The leaves fiand irregularly on the branches; they are about an inch long, near as much in breadth, and dentated at the edges. The flowers fiand in clufiers, about the bafe of the fpincs; they are fmall, and of a pale yellowilh-green colour: the pedicles they fiand on are .thort : the berries are fmall and roundilh. It is a native of France, Germany, and fome other parts of Europe. C. Bauhine calls it, Lycium Gallicum ; Lobel, Paliurus alia peregrina. 2. Lycium foliis linearibus. The narrow-leaved Lycium. t9urplt j'Jaf:;; mtnottJt5'. The root is large and fpreading. The lh.rub grows to eight or ten feet high. The trunk is large ; the branches numerous and tortuous; they fend off many lh.ort lhoots, each of which, like the main branch, is terminated by a robuft fpine. The leaves are an inch long, very narrow, obtufe at the end, and even at the edges. The flowers ftand fingly, on moderately long pedicles; they are long, large> and of a beautiful purple colour. The fruit is of the fize of a large nut. It is a native of Africa ; we have it in fome gardens. C. Bauhine calls it, Rhamnus alter foliis falfis, flore purpureo; Niffole and Micheli, Jafminoides Africanum jafmini aculeati foliis et facie. The other fpecies of Lycium are, 1. The long-leaved Lycium. 2. The box-leaved Lycium. 3· The olive-leaved Lycium, 4· The capillaceous-leaved Lycium. 5· The broader-leaved, Jatininoide Lycium. 6. The willow-leaved LyciumJ called prickly Jafmine. CESTRUM. I f.ir' HE calyx is a fmall, cylindric, obtufe perianthium, formed of a .fingle leaf, di~ vided into five fegments at the rim, erect, and obfcure. The corolla confifts of a Jingle, infundibuliform petal : the tube is cylindric, very long and £lender; the opening is roundith: the limb plane, plicated, and formed into five equal, oval fegments. The fiamina are five filiform· filaments, adhering longitudinally to the tube, though fending out in the middle a little denticle, which ftands inward. The antheree are roundilh, but fomewhat tetragonal, and fiand within the opening of the petal. The germen is of a cylindric, but fomewhat oval, figure, of the length of the cup. The ftyle is filiform, and of the length of the fiamina: the ftigma is thick, obtufe, and fiightll emarginated. The fruit is an oval, oblong berry, containing only one cell: the feeds are numerous and roundilh.. This genus comprehends the Hidinna of Fevill. The charaClers ditlinguifh it fuf_ ficiently • PH I L Y E A. T HE calyx is double; there is a common receptacle of the flowers, which colleCts them all into a head, or difk, and, befide this, each has it's proper perianthium, which is formed of three narrow, oblong leaves, and is permanent. The corolla contifis of a fingle, imperforated petal, externally rude and ereCt : the tube is conic, and of the length of the perianthium : the limb is divided into five {mall, erect fegments, and, at the bafe of each of thefe, there is a little, acuminated fquammula, turning inwards. The fiamina are five very fmall filaments, inferted into the CQrolla under thefe fquammulre. The antheree are fimple: the germen is fituate in the bottom of the flower: the fiyle is fimple : the fiigma is obtufe: the fruit is a roundifh, trilobous capfule, formed of three valves, and divided into three cells : the feeds are fingle, roundifi1, gibbous on one fide, and acuminated. • This genus comprehends the Alaternoides of authors. The charaCters difiinguiili it (ufficiently. · ( • .1 CHI R 0 N I A. |