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Show The Hiflory of P L A N T s. This lant is very common in our paftures in May, Jun~, an~ July, an~ n~akes a very bea~tiful figure. C. Bauhine calls it, C~amcedrys fpuna mmo: rotundtfoha. J. Bauhine, Chamcedrys fpuria latifolia five fremma. Gerard and Parkmfon, Chamredrys fylve(his. . h · f. h f h Thefe are the moft different from one another, In t .en·. mann:r? gr?wt , o t e f ecies of Veronica, and ferve therefore to {hew it's pnnc1pal vanatto.ns m form; the r~ft of the fpecies are very numerous. The more fingular are, I. The bugle-leaved, r. 'ked Veronica of Wales. 2. The fmall, erett, fpiked Veronica. 3· The ferpyllum- 1lep1a ved ' Veronica; • · • h fi I d. l 3 The germander-leav~d Veromca, wtt owers on. ong pe 1~ es. 4 . The Veronica, with the flowers adhenng to t?e fialks. 5. The upnght Veron~ca, with divided leaves. 6. The ivy-leaved Veromca. 7. The long-leaved Veronica, 8. The narrow--leaved, fcutellated Veronica. 9· T~e germander-leaved Veronica, with long pedicles to the leaves: Thefe are all natives of. England . 10. T he Pyrenrean, fmooth-leaved Veronica. 1 1. The great, ere~ Veromca. :t2. !he b~oadfeaved, fpiked Veronica. I3• .The ~aked-ftalked V:eromca. 14. Th~ clmopodmmleaved Veronica. IS· The batty datfy-leaved Veromca. 16. The Alpme, lhrub_ y-eronica. 17. The American, tall Veronica, with three, five, ?r_feven leaves of a JO~nt. 1 8. The ihort-leaved, ever-green Veronica. I 9· The .lacima~d-leaved Veronica, 20. The great, fil_lgle-~alked Veronica,. 2 I j The Veromc~, wtth the lo~er leaves round. 22. The teucrmm-leaved-Veromca. 23. The vervam-leaved Veromca. 24. The cymbalaria-leaved Veronica. 2 5· The moneywor~-leaved V :ronica. 26. The olive-leaved, water Veronica. 27. The nettle-leaved, fptked Verotuca; and, 28. T he hoary, obtufe-leaved Veronica. Several of the fpecies of this genus are famous in f!ledicine; the common .fpeedwell is a good antifcorbutic, (and has lately be~n celeb:ated m the gout and ~h.e~~att~m. T he water brooklime is alfo one of the anufco.rbutics of the ihops, and 1t s JUlCe lS always made a part of the fpring juices, given againil: thofe complaints. '• P lE D ·E R ·.O T A. T HE calyx of the Prederota is a perianthitun, confifiing of a fingle leaf, divided into five acute linear fegments, and permanent. The corolla confifl:s of a fing!e petal. The tube is cylindric, and of the length of the cup; the limb is formed, as it were, into two labia : the upper lip is oblong, hollow, and narrow ; the lower .lip is broader, and is divided into three equal fegments at the extremity. The fl:amina are two filaments, of the length of the corolla, and bend downwards; the antherre are affurgent. The· germen of the pifl:il is roundiili; the fl:yle is capillary, and of the length of the :£lamina; the fiigma is truncated. The fruit is an oval capfule, compreffed at the top and bifid, compofed of four valves, and containing two cells, in each of which there are numerous oblong, obtufe feeds~ which adhere to a columnar receptacle. This genus is very nearly allied to the V eronioa ; but> thou_gh Linnreus feems def! rous of referring it to it, there feems more reafon for the keepmg them feparate. Micheli has defcribed thjs genus under the name of Bona rota. I. P ctgderota Joliis ovatis crena tis. , Tbe Pcederota, with oval, crenated leaves. The root is fibrous and white; the {talks are round, flender, and fcarce erect. The leaves fiand in pairs, and are near an inch long, and little lefs in breadth ; • they are of a du~y green, a~d deeply ferrat~d. The flowers are moderately large, and blue; they · fiand 111 _ll10rt, thick fptkes; It IS a native of Italy. Mitneli calls it Bona rota montana ltahca cham~dryos foho rqtundiore fpica crerulea habitiote. The other fpecies are, 1. The narrower-leaved Prederota · and 2. The yellow-flow· ered Pa!derota. ' JUSTICIA. r HE ~alyx ?f the J ufiicia is a very fmall perianthium, formed of a ungle leaf, with five mdentmgs at the top, acute, erefr, and narrow : the cor~lla confifis of a fingl~ _petal. . The tube ~s _gibbops, the limb ringent. The upper lip is oblong and e~~tgmated · the lower hp IS of the fame length with that, and is reflex and obtufely tnfi~. The ftarnina are two fubulated filaments, they are hid under th~ upper lip of the ower ;• the antherre are erect and bifid at the bafe. The fruit is ~,n oblong, obtufe capfule, 'lbe Hiflory of P . L A N T S. capfule, narrow ·at the ,?a~e; compofed of two valves, and contai?ing tw.o cells; (the partition placed contranwtfe to the valves,) aod opens by an elaft1c ungms : the feeds are roundilh. . The upper lip of th~ corolla 1s various. in it's fituatio~. The unguis of each locule, by which the capfule ts expanded, confiitutes the effenual charatter of the genus. This genus comprehends the Jtljlicia of Houfton, the Adhatoda of Tournefort, and the Ecbolium of Rivinus. 1 . Ju.fticia arborea Joliis lanceolato-ovatis, bratleis ovatis perfiflentibus, co- 1 'rollarum galea concava. The arborefcent Ju.ftifia, with lanceolato-ovate leaves, with ovated braElecej and a hollow galea. This is a beautiful ever-green ihrub : it grows to four or five feet high. It's root is large, woody, divided into three or four branches, and furnilhed with a multitude of fibres, of a dufky brownHh colour, and ftyptic tafte; the trunk grows to an inch and half, or more, in diameter. It's bark is of a pale brown, fmooth, and gloffy: it divides into a number of branches, which are thin and tough. The leaves are moderately large, and grow in pairs; they are of a pale green colour, and tender llrutture ; they are broad at the bafe, and terminate in a. point. The flowers fiand in fpikes, with leaves intermixed, but it feldom produces them with us. It is a native of Ceylon, but is to be met with in many of our fioves, where it thrives very well, but does not flower. Tournefort, Plukenet, and moft other authors call i't, Adhatoda Zeylanenfium. Linnreus, in the Hort. Cliffort, J ufticia foliis o~ato-lanceolatis, fpicis foliofis, florum galea concava. 2. Ju.fticia her6acea, JruEiu parvo. The herbaceous Ju.fticia, with a very fmall fruit. This is an extreamly elegant plant. The root is oblong, white, and of the thick.: nefs of a {haw, or more: the fialk rifes to two feet in height, and is round, and of a pale green ~olour, jointed, and not quite firait. The leaves fian~ in pairs, at an inch, ()r more, dtfl:ance, oppofite to one another; they are of a yellowtih green colour, and of an irregularly oval figure, broadeft near the bafe, and pointed at the extremity. The tops of the fialks and fide .branches have flowers in fpikes on them ; the fruit is very fmall, and the feeds are heart-faihioned. This is a native of the Eaft Indies, and is rarely met with in our fioves. The late Lord Petre had it : elfewhere I have not feen it. Tournefort calls it, Adhatoda herbacea, circere foliis, parvo fruCl:u. The other fpecies of the Jufticia are, 1. TA.e fmall and white-flowered, mallowleaved, Indian Jufiicia. z. The Jufiicia, with a very narrow lip, bent backwards. 3. The fmaller-leaved J ufticia; and, 4· The J ufiicia, with ihort pedicles to the leaves. G RAT I 0 LA. T HE calyx of the Gratiola is an ereCl perianthium, compofed of a fingle leaf, divided into five fegments of a fubulated figure, and perman~nt. The corolla is monopetalous and ringent : the tube is of an angular figure, and is longer than the cup. The limb is fmall, and divided into four parts. The upper fegment is broad, reflex, and emarginated: the others are firait and equaL The fl:amina are five in number, but three of therri are ihot:t and fieri}; two only of power and efficacy, whence it properly belongs to this dafs. They are all of a fubulated figure, and fhorter than the corolla; the two which are perfeCl are affixed to the tube of the petal, and have each a round anthera on it. The germen of the pifiil is conic; the fiyle is ftrait and fubulated, the fiigma is bilabiated, but, after impregnation, the two lips fall together . . The fruit is an oval, pointed capfule, compofed of two valves, and containing two cells. The feeds are numerous and fmall. The effential charafrerifiic of this genus is, that it has three cafirated fiamina. It has been -confounded with the digitalis by many authors, but it differs in almoft all the particulars from it. There is but one known fpecies of it. Gratiot a |