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Show The Hi.ftory of P LA N T S. Clajs the Fourth. TETRANDRIA. p /ants which bave in every flower four .ftamina. 0 f the Tetrandria, fame have only one ftyle in t~e flower, fome two, and fame four. They are therefore conveniently arranged mto three orders : the firfi containing thofe which have four fiamina, and only a fingle ftyle, un~er the name of Tetrandria Monogynia. The fecond, thofe whtch have four fia~mna, and two fty_les, under the name of Tetrandria Digynia ; and the third, thofe whtch have four fiamma, and four ftyles, under that of Tetrandria Tetragynia. Clafs the Firfl• TERANDRIA Order _the Fir.ft. MONOGYNIA. P /ants which have four flamina, and only one flyle, in every flower. T H I S order contains fo great a number of genera, that it is neceffary to arrange them, according to their feveral principal and more obvious differences, into five divifions. The Jirf!, containing thofe which have feveral flowers in the fame common calyx, and have naked. feeds .. The fecond, fuch ~s have mono~etalous flowers, placed on didymous fruit, with a b1fid ftyle. The thzrd, thof~ whtch have monopetalous flowers, without thefe characters. The fourth, thofe which have compleat tetrapeta· lous flowers. Thejifth, thofe which have incompleat tetrapetalous flowers. Clafs the Fitft. Order the Fitft. Divijion the Firft. Tetrandria Monogynia, which have aggregated flowers in the fame common cup, and have after every flower a jingle, nahed feed. L E U C 0 D E N D R 0 N. THE calyx of the Leucodendron is a common perianthium, of an imbricated figure, compofed of unequal, permanent fquammre, very various in their figure and proportion. The general corolla is uniform and convex : the peculiar corolla is oblong, ~oary on t?e out~~e, .and }s compofed of t"':o. petals. The upper petal has a long,. h.near unguis, and Its hmb 1s lanceolated, undivided, and in it's lower part is firmly JOmed to t?e lower petal: the lower petal has alfo a long unguis, of a linear figur~, b.ut t~ree t1mes as b~oa~ ~s tha.t of the upper petal. The limb is oblong, of a feimcylmdnc figure, and 1s d1v1ded mto three fegments. The ftamina are four very iliort filaments, of a fubulated figure; they are inferted into the limb of the corolla, one between every _fegment. The anthera feems fingle, and is ereCt and tubulated, of a.n o~long figure; It confifts of four pr?p~r anther~, which coalefce into a kind of cylmdnc body. The &erme? of the p1flil1s ~blong, and terminates in a very long, fubulated fiyle : .the fiigma 1s fi?1ple; t?e.re 1s. n~ peric~rpium. The cup, fcarce at all altered, fe~ves m. the place of It, contammg 111 It s cavay a fingle, roundilh feed, coronate~ with h~lrs. The. receptacle is fometimes naked, and fometimes hairy, and there 1s one fp:c1es, otherw1fe truly of this genus, in which the calyx is not a common one, but contams only a fingle flower. This genus comprehends the Lepidocarpodendron, the Hypophylloc~rpodendron, and the Conocarpodendron of Boerhaave; though not all the fpecies of the lafi; alfo the Scolymocephalus of others. 1. Leucodendron Tbe Hi)Jory of P L A N T s. 1. Leucodendron foliis o6longis, latis, obtujis. Tbe oblong; broad, and obtz!fe-leaved Leucodendron. This is a large and tall tree. It's root is very long, thick, and branched : it's trunk grows to three feet in diameter: the wood is very hard and knotty, and of a fine yellow colour: the bark is rough, and full of cracks; it is of a brownilh colour, with {orne tinge of yellow on the trunk, but, on the young branches, it is of a fine ftrong purple. The branches are very numerous, and the leaves fl::and very thick on them, in an irregular manner; they are like thofe of forne of our willows, oblong, broad, obtufe, of a pale green, and fomewhat thick and flefhy : the middle rib is yellow, and there is ufua]Jy a border of purple all round the edge : at the extremities of the branches fl::and the flowers. . The cup is very large, and confills often of eight fucceffive feries of fquamrnre; thefe are purple on the outfide, and of a greyifh~yellow within : the flowers are very numerous, but fmall in proportion to the fize of the cup. The tree grows to twenty or thirty feet high, and, when in flower, is one of the moft beautiful trees in the world. It is a native of the Cape of Good Hope. It's bark is an afiringent, and is ufed with fuccefs by the Africans againft diarrhreas. Herman calls it, Scolymocephalus foliis oblongis, g·labds, crailioribus, latioribus. Boerhaave, Lepidocarpodendron folio faligno lato, caule purpurafcente. 2. Leucodendron foliis apice trifido, glabris. T6e Jmootb, trifid-leaved Leucodendron. This is a very beautiful fpecies, as well as the former, but it does not grow to fuch a fiature. It's root is large, woody, and branched : fmm this rife a number of woody ihoots, which grow to three or four feet high, rarely more : the bark is of a dufky brown, finooth and gloffy; the wood hard, and of a whitifh colour. The leaves fl::and irregularly, and have no pedicles; they fl::and at diftances from one another, and are {mall, narrow, and divided into three parts at the extremity; the lower ones have only this trifid top of the leaf red; the refr are red throughout, and make a very beautiful appearance. The flowers grow at the extremities of the branches, affixed to thefe red leaves, and make a very beautiful appearance. This is alfo a native of the Cape of Good Hope. Boerhaave calls it, Hypophyllocarpodendron foliis inferioribus apice trifido rubro, fuperioribus penitus rubris glabris; Herman, Scolymocephalus Africana foliis anguftis brevioribus, trilobis in fummitate. 3· Leucodendron joliis crajjis, nervojis, lanuginijis~ 'ext~emitatibus crenatis. The Leucodendron with thick, nervous, lanuginous leaves, crenated at the top. The root of this fpecies is large, woody, and branched : from this rifes a very fhort trunk, which often grows, however, to four feet in diameter; from the head of this, which feems as if <':Ut off, there rife a vafi numbe1: of branches, which grow to a confiderable length. The bark of the trunk is brown and cracked, that of the young .lhoots green and hairy. The leaves fl:and very thick togethe1·, and are rigid, nervous, very thick and hairy, crenated at the extremity, and tinged with purple at the edge. At the tops of the branches frand the flowers, among clufiers of leaves; they are large, very beaatiful, and of a deep yellow. The common calyx finally becomes a fi·uit, of a conic figure, which eafily falls off. This is, like the others, ~ native of the Cape of Good Hope. Herman calls it, Leucodendros Africana foliis ferratis; and Boerhaave, Conocarpodendron folio craffo, nervofo, lanuginofo, flare aureo, cono facile decidua. The other fpecies of the Leucodendron are, I. The round-leaved kind, with large purple flowers. 2. The Leucodendron with hairy fquammre. 3· The narrow willow- leaved, violet-flowered Leucodendron. 4· The Leuc;odendron with fl10rt leaves and a variegated calyx. 5· The lhort-fruited Leucod~nd ron. 6. The long conicfruited Leucodendron. 7· The Leucodend'ron with long, narrow leaves furrounding the fruit. 8. The [mall-fruited, herbaceous Leucodendron. 9· The variegated, cupped, herbaceous, and procumbent Leucodendron. I o. The graiTy-leaved Leucodendron. l z. The Leucodendron with iliort, cluftered, filky leaves. 12. The round, rigid-leaved |