OCR Text |
Show 35 2 'Ibe Hiflory of P L A N T S. MAUROCENIA.HE perianthium is {mall, formed of one leaf, divi~e? int? five fegments, and permanent : the corolla is formed of a fingle petal, divided mto five oval, patent fegments: the fiamina are five ereCt, f~bulated filaments, long~r tha.n the coroll~ : the anthera~ are fimple; the germ en is come; the fiyles ar~ .not difcc;rmble : ~he : fiigmata are three, and gibbous: the fruit is an oval berry, umbilicated With the ihgmata: th~ feeds are three, oblong, and fcarce feparated by t~e pulp. Dillenius makes this il1rub a fpecies of frangula. ' VIBURNUM. T HE flowers are arranged into an umbel: the perianthium is fmall, divided into five fegments, and permanent : the corolla confifis of a fingle petal? of a campanulated form, ereCto-patent,' divided into five fegments at the edge, which are i11ort, obtufe, and reflex, fometimes cordated : the ~amina are five fu~ulated ~laments, of the JenCTth of the corolla: the anther::e are roundiili; the germen IS round1ili, and placed under the receptacle: there is no fiyle, .bu.t, in it's .Place, a tur~inatt;d glandule : the fiigmata are three, and btufe : the ~ru1t IS a roundiili be~·ry ~ ~It~ ohe ~ell : the feed is fingle offeous, compreffed, and ftnated. , . . - This' genus comprehends the Viburnum, Tinus, and Opulus of Linn::eus's Genera Plantarum. 1. Viburnum Joliis cordatis, acute-crenatis, venojis, fub-tus, tomentojis. ' ·' The Viburnum, with cordated, venous, acutely-crenated leaves, woolly underneath. ~ 1rbt rrmav;; fartng 'ltt cc. The root is creeping; the i11rub is fifteen or twenty feet high, and very ramofe ; it's trunk is large, it's branches lon~and fpreading. rh~ le~~~s fi~nd oppofite, in pairs; they are two inches long, nearly a~ much broad, m~rkep vyit~ iarge vems, deeply crenated round the edges, of a dark green colour on the upper· fide, and white and cottony underneath. The flowers ftand in umbels, of three inches ~n diameter; they are moderately large, white, and of the fmell of elder-flowers : the berries are black, com-preffed, of a fwe7tiili tafte, and' vifcous. . . . , . j . , It is common m our hedges. C. Bauhme ca1ls It, V1burnum; others, Lantana. 2. Viburnum foliis 'ovatis integerrimis. ' 1£,aurufi tnt The Viburnum, with oval, undivided leaves. ' · C • I This lbrub grows to five or fix feet high, and f(inds out .a .. t;nultitud~ of branches. The root is woody and cirrated ; the fi:em is covered with a fmw?fh deep bro}'Vn bark; the young fhoots are fomewhat quadrangular. The leaves are placed in pairs; ' they are two inches long, more than an inch broad, of a dark, but il1ining, green colour, and fomewhat oval figure, thick and rigid, and even at · the ·edges ; they are green all the year. The flowers fiand in umbels, of .two inches in diameter; they are moderately large, white, with a tinge of red, and of a fweet fmell: d1e berries are compreifed, and of a fine blue colour, when ripe. . 1 1 ; · It is a native of Italy; we have it very common in gardens. C. Bauhine and others call it Laurus fylveftris. and Tinus, but they make three fpecies very improperly of it, from the variations in the fize of the leaves ; Clufius fet this on foot, and called them Tinus primus, Tinus fecundus, and Tin us tertius; others, Tinus folio minore, &c. 3· Viburnum foliis trilobis dentatis. The Viburnum, with trilobate, 'dentated'leaves. UW!'tttcc (!fleer. This is a weak i11rub, of fix or feven feet high. The fiem is an inch or two in diameter; it's bark of a pale grey colour : the branches are long and weak, and ufually gro v in pairs. The leaves are large, two inches and a half long, as much in breadthd, an The Hij}ory of P L A N T S. 353 and divided into three large, broad lobes.; they are fmooth, of a pale green colour, and foft to the touch. The flowers fiand m large umbels; they are corifiderably large; and white. It is common with us about waters. C. Bauhine calls it, Sambucus aquatica flare fimplici; others, Opulus, and Opulus Ruellii. This ilirub, by culture, will produce double and globofe flowers, and is then called the Gelder Rofe. SAMBUCUS. THE calyx is a per1anthlum, formed of one leaf, divided into five fegments, fmall and permanent : the corolla confilts of a fingle petal, of a rotato-concave form, lightly divided into five reflex fegments: the fiamina are five fubulated filaments, of the length· of the corolla: the anther::e are roundiili; the germen is oval, obtu(e, and placed under the receptacle : there is no fiyle, but, in the place of it, a ventricofe glandule : the il:igmata are three, and obtufe : the fruit is a roundilh, unilocular berry; the feeds are three, convex on one fide, and angular on the other. I. Sambucus caule arboreo ramofo, 'jloribus umbellatis. Tbe branched, woo4J Sambucus, with umbellated flowers. This grows to a lhrub of eight or ten feet high, fometimes more. The trunk is covered with a pale, whitin) bark, cracked and uneven: the wood is white and firm: the young n10ots are green, full of pith, and tender. The leaves are compofed of four, fix, or more, pinna:-, which arc large, oblong, and ferrated round the edges, of a deep green colour, and di:G1greeablc fmell. The flowers are {mall and white; they fiand in very large umbels: the berries are black. It is common in our hedges. C. Bauhine calls it, Sambucus frutlu in umbella nigra; ]. Bauhine, Sambucus vulgaris. It varies fometimes with laciniated leaves, fometimes with white berries: authors have defcribed thefe varieties as diil:inet fpecies. 2. Sambucus caule herbaceo Jimplicijjimo. The herbaceous, jimple-flalked Sambucus. ilDlllncf ctetner. This is merely an herbaceous plant, dying down to the ground every winter. It's toot is long, creeping, and of the thicknefs of a man's finger. The fialk is fimple and tender; it grows to three or four feet high, and is green, firiated, and thick, full of pith, and much like the green lhoots of the common elder : the leaves alfo greatly r:femble thofe of the elder, but they are compofed of longer, and more deeply indented, pmnx; there are three or four feries of thefe, fixed to the two fides of a middle rib, with an odd one at the end : at the top ftands an umbel of white flowers, very large and fpreading. The berries are angular at firft, but they grow round as they ripen. The leaves are of a very difagreeable fmell. The flowers have fomewhat of the fcent of apricot kernels. It is common in watery places. C. Bauhine calls it, Sambucus humilis, five Ebulus; ]. Bauhine, Ebulus, five Sambucus herbacea. It is efteemed a diuretic and aperient, and is fometimes given in dropfies, jaundices, and obfi:rutlions of the vifcera. TAMARIX. THE calyx is a perianthium, formed of one leaf, divided into five fegments, obtufe, ereCt, permanent, and of about half the length of the corolla : the corrolla confifts of five oval, hollow, obtufe, and patent petals: the fiamina are five filaments: the anther::e are roundilh : the germen is acuminated : there is no ftyle; the fiigmata are three, oblong, revolu-te, and plumofe: the fruit is an oblong, acuminated, triquetrous capfule, formed of three valves, containing only one cell, and longer than the cup: the feeds are numerous, very fmall, and pappofe. There is one fpecies of this genus whofe flower has ten fiamina, all growing together at the bafe, and the alternate ones il1orter. ] . 4X 'Iamarix |