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Show The' Hiflory of P L ~ A N T S. c I 1 Ill PH ALAR IS. T H E calyx of the Phalaris is a glume, compofed of two valves; and containing a fingle flower. It is very large, compreffed, , and obtufe : the valves are navicular, comprcffed, carinated, obtufe above, · and have fhait edges, which run parallelly and are fomewhat connivent. The corolla is bivalve, and is fmaller than the calyx ~ the exterior valve is oblong, acuminated, and convoluted ; the interior is fmaller. The fiamina are three capillary filaments, flwrter than the cup; , the anthem: are oblong : the germen is toundifb; the fiyles ar~ twb ; they are capillary, and the fiigmata are villofe. Infiead of a pericarpium, the ~orolla itfelf adheres firmly round the feed, and does not open in any part. The feed is fingle, , 'fmooth, and of a roundilh, but acu-minated, figure. , . This genus comprehends the Plalaroidea of Scheukzer and Monti. In fome fpecies there is alfo a fmall calycine glume, bivalve ' acuminated and very fmall, within the calyx defcribed here. ' ' ' • • J I I P halaris radice annua. , I 1 P halaris, with an a~nual root. Qtann.rp ·<5raf.s. The root of this fpecie~ is formed of a little ciufier of tend~r white fibres. It w_ows to_ a foot and half, or mort::, in height. I It's ft~l~ is flender, 'green, round~ and JOtnted, m four or five places. At every one of the joints fiands a fingle leaf, oblong, narrow, and terminating in a point, like the leaves of the refi of the graffes. At t~c head of every fialk .fiands a fingle, beautiful fpike~ an inch in length, of a turbmated figure, . and formed of fquammre large and beautiful, variegated with a pale green and whtte. · ",, . This fpecies is not a native of England ; but in the Qanary Ifla:ntis, and ih many of the wan~1er ' parts. of Euro~e, it .grows in the cotn-fidds, and in other dry places, C. Ba~hme calls Jt, Phalans maJor femine albo. J. Bauhine, and others, fimply Phalans. · · · · , l ' 2. Phalaris particula oblonga. The oblong, pqnicled P halaris. I I J The root of th_is fpecies is oblong, joi!lted, and creeping; the joints fend out a number of fibres, w_hich make their way deep into the mud, while the body of the root :t!ns alan~ but J~fi under the furface. ', The plant rifes to four or five feet in height; Its fialk IS very l1ke that of the common reed, roqnd, jointed, and fmooth ; the joints are fix or feven on each fialk, . and from each there ~rows a long ahd narrow graffy !eaf, ?fa ?eep green colour; tl1ts fun'outids the il:alk at it's bafe, and, when it leaves it, IS an mch m ~readth, and feven or eight· in length. The upper furface of the leaf is fri~ooth, but, 1f the finger be drawn over the under fide, fome roughnefs will be percctv_ c?. At the top of the il:alk fia.t:lds a panicle, not very diff~fe, of a purpliih or whlt101 colo_ur,. and of fix or feven inches ip length. · . Thts fpec~es Is commo~ _with us about waters. C. Bauhine calls it, Grap1en aru n-. dmaceum fp1catum. Monfon, Gramen arundinaceum acerola gluma. ~ 3. P halaris JPica cylindric a. The cylindric-./piked P ha/aris. r r . The root of this fpecies. is compofed of a duller of fine white fibres. The fialk ~fcsd to a foot and ha!f,_ or more, in height; it is bulbous, as it were, at the bottom i fi en er, round, and J0111ted all the way up. The leaves which grow immedt'atdy rom the t fi · h · h ' 1 . d f ro~ ' ar_e lX or eJg t toe es long, of a pale greyiili- green colour . and of a t m _0 an mch m breadth, ·firm, and a little rough to the touch : at eve;·y joint of t1 he !l:a_lk grows fuch a leaf alfo, but fhoner, furrounding the fialk a long way before it eav::s H . The top of t1 11 Ik · · d b 1 · [I . 1 . 1e 11 ~ Is t~rmu'late y a ong, flender fpike, not ill rcprc· nttng t le t:ul of a rat, four mches m length, and not fo thick as a man's li ttle finger, of The Hijlory of P L A N T S. 197 of a greyii11 colour. This is foft to the touch, if the hand be drawn up; but very rough, if the contrary way. This _fpecies ~s frequent with. us in pafiures and m~adows; it loves a damp foil. C. Bauhme calls It, Gramen typhmdes afperum. J. Bauhme, Gramen cauda muris ma-joris longa rna jus. · ' ' PHLEUM. T HE calyx of the Phleum is a bivalve glume, containing a :fingle flower; it is oblong, linear, comprejf~d;, ~nd ope.ns with two points at the apex. The valves are .firait, hollow, equally compreffed, and they terminate i,n arifire, or awns. The corolla confifis of two valves, and is lhorter than the cup : the exterior valve is larger than the interior, and furrounds ·it. The fiamina are three capillary filaments, longer than the cup: the antherre ar~ oblong,. and bifurcated. The germen is round ; the fiyles are two, and are capillary anq reflex ; the fiigmata~ are plumofe. There is, J}O pericarpium; the caly~ and corolla include the feed, which is fingle and roundifh. · This genus comprehends the Typhoidea of Scheukzer. I. · P hleum /pica cyli-nd?<'acea longijjima.. -c The very long cylindric-/piked P hleum. ·~ i The root ofo this fpecies is. a fmall? w~ite tubercle, to which are affixed a great number of cap1llary fibres, wh1te and mfiptd to the tafie. The .pla,nt rifes to two or three feet in height. It's fialk is flender, round, green, and, when the fpike is full grown, is fcarce able to fupport itfelf ere&. The le<;tves \Yhich ·grow immediately from the root are ten or twelve inches long, 11nd ~boot ~ ,thir.d of an iJWQ bro~d : the fialk has three or four joints, and at each <;>(them a Je.af ,furroupdil)g i~ a..~eat l w~y, then feparating from it, and refembl\ng tpe, others;. the. top is terminated by a fpike of four or ~ve inches l?ng, ,of the thicknefs of a man's lit~le fipger, and; green at fi.rfi, but whtte~ '!hen npe. . . ' . I I .. ) •• .. . I .. . r · ' ... Tn1s ts not met With m E,qglp,n~; 1p Germany, France, an~ Italy, ,tt 1s common¥ It grows among bu(hes. ~· 1Ba?h,i9e 9J~s it,) Gramen typQoides maximum fpica longiffima. •, 1 , .- • I 11 ' ,2. P'h?eum /pica o;al~-~lindracea. .:~ Th~ o~al-fpiked R bl~um. ,,, " . ')! ~P,~ rqo~ of , thjs {ped~s con~fis o~ a fe.VIf1 £bre~~ ~hj~ifi: ·~nd ~divar;~ate4 at\P,eir 'ex_ tretm~s. T~1e ledaves dare·f~ve, mc~Ffls long, andi f'bout a1 qq<1-rte~ , pf an inch ·Iilr dia(lle~ er; ~rp-p?mte , an. o a ,greyt 1-green co our. The .fialk 1rife,s .to ,ten or twelve 111ches I~ he_Igbt, and IS flender, finooth, and jointed ; at every joint fiands a leaf, furroundmg 1t fialk a great way. The part which furrounds the fialk is indeed in the upper leaves, longer than the refi. l.1'he to.p is :terminated by a fhort fpike of 'an ob! ong ~gu~e, tending to oval; three quarters of an inch long, and about a 'third of an )ncb m di~meter,; frnaller; ilt'the- top than at the bottom•; 'this is greenilh at firfi, and appea~s h~1ry from t~e anfi~ of the glumes; when fulty Tipe, itr i !black!! ·J r Th1s IS frequent m Ger~any, Sweden, and L pland. I hwe alfo- met with it at .th<; fj~e oft~ !w,ood JbelQngtng. rt.QJt?e, {e~t· o:b JfT.h. 1~. Apreece iEfq; rat Wafhingley in Hun~u~~tonQ;me,. Scheul)zer CJ;~lb. \t, ..Gramen ~t~photdes- Alpinurrl ~fpica• brevi denfa et velqp .yiUofa. Rq~be~k;• Qtam~Al typh.oides ' Alp..i.num ~ fp.ica. .Higd brevi. ,, , . L · f I) lfllfll liiJ .,'I. ~ ·r~ ' Jf : ... .i. . '{I,il • • ~ '• • ~ . t ') ... dl A'· r;ub .JP Jlf'n6f tJil k tJ 'H , > fm_ c ~. a 1 n · ' ' l ,, .. _t } { IJ \ ' "I I ' ,'f',~ < OHJ. J I I I THE cr~ly}\ o}f· th~,Alop,e un;~ \aJlj>ivalve glqme, ~ontaipl~ ~ift~gle~ :fl;w~r: Th.e The vaJ~~-s ~ e p_q )~~"~ 9~, a_n.~~atgiJax['r~o)~fet~' figp~Y,.Jeqlwl 'n fi?,.e_; . .flmtcOinp.r.reltedf cora r a Js. um~a e: t. e va .v,e IS concave, and of the length of lbe cup, and has very long anfia mferted mto tt ~ back, near the bafe. The fiamina are three capilary filaments :. the antherre are btfurcated at each end. The germen is roundifh; the !lyles are two m number ; they are cirrous and reflex, and longer than the cup; the E e e il:igmara |