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Show '!be Hijlory of P L A N T S. white-headed Lepiota, with an acrid, milky juice. 1 1. The broad, white-hea?ed, milky, but mild Lcpiota. I 2. The . great, ~ed-headed, {hort-fialk~d Lcp10t~. 13 . The great Jong-fl:alked Lepiota, wlth turnmg up edges and white lam?lla!. 1 4 . The deep, yellow, conic-headed Lepiota. 1 5. The ~oufe-coloure~ Lep1~ta, with white lamellx. 16. The oval-headed Lepiota. I7· rhe gr~at white varymg tree Lcpiota. 18. The purple-rimmed, livid Lepiota. I 9· The white~ dufiy-~1eaded Lepiota. 20. The. mucous, greenin1-hea?ed Lepi_ota. 2 r. The ~hite, v1fcid .Lc-, piota. 2 2. The little purple, hremorrh01dal Lepwta. 23. Th~ little flat Lep~ota. 24 . The hollow and firiated-.fl:alked Lepiota. 2 5· The ~hm-fl:alked Lepwta, w)th few lamellcr. z6. The purple-fialked, yellow-headed Lepwta. 27. The longfialked, milky and acrid . Lepiot~. 28. The bulbous~ brown, acnd, laetefccnt Lepiota. 2g. The yellowi£?, acnd, and latl:efcen.t Lep10ta. 3?· Th~ tough, purplifh, acrid, laetefcent Lep10ta. 3 r. The blackiili. dung .Lepwta, With t.he head firiated externally. 3 2. The little purple dung Leptota, wlth the head finated on the upper part. 33· The branched filvery Lep~ota. 34· The gre.at perennialrooted Lepiota. Befide thefe, there are a I?ult1tude of other fpectes of all the principal kinds, differing in colour and other cucum~ances. I ha~e figured and dcfcribed in MS. of thefe and the other genera of Fungi more than e1ght hundred, but to give them here would make this volume, not a hiftory of plants, but a hifl:ory of mu{hrooms. FUN G I Clafs the Second. Genus the Second. S 0 LEN I A. S 0 L E N I A is a genus of Fungus's, confifl:ing of a pedicle and a head. The head conlifis of two parts ; the upper one of a fungous t~xture, the under one tubular. The under part IS eafily feparable from the upper, and IS compofed of a great number of {hort and Dender tubes, joined fide by fide to one another. Thefe tubes are of a cylindric figure, and open at the mouth or under extremity. The Solenice produce male and female fruCtifications in !eparate parts of the fame tubes. The male flowers have neither calyx nor corolb, tl ey conlifi only of :flam ina and anther::c: ·the fiamina are very fhort, the anther::c oblong and large ; they grow to the verge of the tu?ules, four, fir, or more in number to each tubule. ~he female flowers we fee nothmg of, except the feeds; thefe are very [mall and roundt{h, and are difpofed in feries along the infi~le of the tubes. The heads of the Solenice are in general lefs elevated than thofe of the former genus. They rather refemble fegments of fpheres than cones. 1. Solenia pediculo bulbofo. The bulbous-jlalked Solenia. This is a very fin gular Fungus; it grows to four or five inches high, and it's pedicle is more than three inches in diameter. It is of a dufky yellow on the upper p:trt of the head, and of a clearer but fomewhat greeniili yellow underneath : the fialk is of the fame colour with the external furt1ce of the head. It is bulbous, and as bi~ as a large walnut at the bottom; fi·om this it rifes of the thicknefs of a man's finger to the head: the head is thick and fldhy, and of a good fmell and tafte. It's under part is compofed of extreamly narrow tubules) fo that it's furface appears piercecl with innumerable fmall holes. When it has juft arrived at it's full fize, the male flowers may be feen at the extremities of thefe holes ; and, fo far as I am able to determine from two or three examinations, fix of them feem to adhere to every tubule : the ~eeds are extreamly minute, and difficultly difcernible. This fpecies grows with. us 10 woods pretty frequently. Ray defcribes it under the name of Fungus porofus craflus. He fays, it is abundantly diftinguiili.ed from all the other Fungus's by it's head being porous, not lamellated underneath. It is probable that Mr. Ray, at the time when he The Hi.ftory of P L A N T S. 39 he wrote this, di~ no~ know any other fpecies of the porous kind; but it is femewhat odd, that Dillenms, who adds many other fpecies of them in the third edition of the Synopfis, fhould let fuch a remark ftand. ) - 2. Solenia pediculo crajfo, punEJato, bre·vi. The Solenia, with a jhort, thick, punEiated jlalk. This fpecies .does. not grow to more than three inches in height, and it's head i fully as much 1n diameter. '~fl~e fl:alk is as thick as a man's thumb, and about as long. The general colour of It IS a browni!h yellow, but it is elegantly fpotted with finall dot~ ?f purple; it is fiefhy, fucculent, and of a good fmell. The head is nearly flat, femtcircular, and undulated at the edges ;. i~ is of an oran~e colour on the upper fide, and o.f. a pale yellow und~meatb, where It IS perforated With very large holes, at the extremltles of each of wh1ch ftand four anther~. Within the tubes the feeds are eaflly dHlinguifhablc, being con.fiderab}y large for thofe of a Fungus, and of a globul~r fi~ure. The pl.ant ~rows with us m woods, but it is not common. I have met with It. one~ or ~w1ce 1.n Cane wood by Hampfiead . Dillenius call it, Boletus luteus. ~1cheli, Smllus efculentus m_agnu~, ~raffus,_ pileolo fupine fulvo, prone luteo ped~culo .cr.affiore concolore pnnths et lttuns rubns notato. This author calls all the Solemce Smlh, becaufe of the hogs being fond of eating them. 3. Solenia pediculo ventricqfo. The hollow and protuberant-Jlalked Solenia. This is a ve_ry fing~lar ~ungus, It grows to five inches in height, and it's head is of .ab~ut two mches m diameter. It's ftalk, which is the fingular thing belonging to It,. IS at t~e furfaced about. a fixth of an inch in diameter, and hollow. From this part ~t goe_s ow.n.war two w_ch~s or more into t.be earth, tapering all the way till it ter.mm~te It1 a potht; and, as It ofes upwards, it fwells, till at about' the middle of it's J1e1ght It f~r~S a hollow part Or an jnch in diameter, and of an inch and lJalf irl length ; this IS of the greatefl. thteknefs in the middle, and from it's upper end conti~ mes ~f the fize of ~nc's little. nnger to the ~1ead. The head itfelf is more el vatcd than 111. many other fpec1es .of thts ge.nus, but It does not run up into a cone, but rather fo~ms a fegment of a Circle. It IS of a dufky orange colour on the upper part, and of a ' bn~hter y~llow underneath. The tubes it is there formed of are moderately large and at their opemngs there fiand fix anthera: to each. The feeds are large for thofe of~ Fungus: ~very moderate ~nagnefier Will {hew them in the tube . The flalk is of a brow~I{h yellow, a1_1d I~ all ti:e way hollow. This fpecies is frequent in Charlton forefl: m S~iTex. Mt~hclt calls It, Su11lus perniciofus, fuperne obfcurus, inferne ocht·oleucus pediculo ventncofo, fuperne pileoli parti concolori radice in mucroncm longum prodnCto. _The other _l~nown fpecies of Soleni~ arc b~1t eight, and will eafily be difl.ingUifbed by theu nam.es. They are, I. The thick, whitia1 Solenia. 2 • The finaller red and yellow Solen1a. 3. The brown-headed Solenia, with the under part white' 4· Th~ purple:~eaded SoleniJ., w}t~ a cream.-coloured under fide. 5. The hair ~ yel~owtO~ Solema. ~· The great vtfctd, yellowiili Solenia. 7· The Iong-fialked S~- fl: len1Ika, with a. yell?wtfh, red head, white underneath; and ~. The fhort and Dendcra ed Solen1a, With a broad reddii11 head. FUNGI |