| OCR Text |
Show The Hti}Jory of P L A N T S, 260 . It is a native of Ruffia, and grows there in barren~ [andy places. Amman calls it; Argufia montana. I i . T 0 U R N E F 0 R T I A. · c t' · a r.mall permanent peri~nthium, divided into THE ca yx o . the corolla confifis of a fingle petal ; t e tu e IS ova , 1 f the Tourneior Ia IS II h b . 1 five lanceolated fegments.. b . r htl divided into five fegments, and patent ; and longer than the cud; the l~he ~a~in/are five fubulated filaments, of the length the fegments broad an acute. th are fim le and placed in the mouth : the ger .. of the tube of the corolla; th~ anth:r~ce tad! of the flower : the fiyle is firnple, and men is globofe, anhd p~ced. un etrhe /l,J'gmapis fimple The fruit is a globofe, bilocula1' f h 1 gth of t e uamma ; u • 1 ob ertr ye .• ethne iiee.d <: are two of an oval figure, and feparated by a pu P'· ~ _, l Clafs the F ijth. Order the Firfl. Divijion the Second. p entandria M onogym·a ' w;~ th "mM onroh etalous flowers, and with capfulet within the flowers. ANDROS~CE. T H E cal x of the Androface is double; the univerfal involucrum is .very _final!, b y fc d of many leaves and contains many flowers: the penanthmm ts ut campo e ' f d d' 'd d · fi ermanent, and of a pentagonal fi~ure, formed of one lea , an JVl e mto ve ¥e ments at the top ereCt and acute. The corolla confifts .of a. fin~l~ pet~l; the tube is ~fan ~val figure, and is furrounded by the calyx : the h?1b JS dtvtded mto five oh· tufe, entire fegments, of an ovato-oblong figure : the ftamma are five ve:y lhort fi~a-ts placed within the tube of the flower: the anthera~ are oblong, eteCt, .and m.~~~ ed . the germen is globofe ; the fiyle is filiform, and v~ry lhort ; the fttgma 19 lobof; and included. The fruit is a globofe capfule, fl:andmg on a plane cup, con· faining 'one cell, and dividing into five parts at the top ; the feeds are nu~erous, and roundifh, gibbous on one fide~ and pl<lne on the other; the receptacle 1s erect and free, 1 • Androface joliis lanceolatis dentatis glabris, perianthiis corolla brevioribus angulatis. Thefinooth, dentated, lanceolato-leaved Androface, with a Jhort, angulatod, perianthium. · The root is oblong, fiender, and reddilh ; the radical leaves are numerous, and fpread on the ground ; they. are fm~ll, oblong, an~ crenat.ed at the edges : the fialk: are numerous, two or three mches htgh, naked, a httle hauy, and firm: at the f~lrn mit of each fiands a kiAd of little umbel, compofed of eight or ten flowers, fufiamed each on it's feparate, oblong pedicle ; they are fmall and white, This is not a native of England, but is found in moft other of t.he northern parts of Europe. C. Bauhine has defcribed it three times. A.mm~.n mentiOns what he calls another fpecies, under the name of Androface. coro~op1 folns ; but the _feeds fe~t by himfelf, and fawn, prove it to be the fame w1th th1s. ~u~baum calls tt, And10face montana flare minore; Ray, AHine verna Androfaces cap1tul1s. 2. Androface perianthiis maximis, The great cupped Andrqface. The root is fmall, oblong, and white ; the radical leaves are very nume~ous ;. they lie fpread on the ground, and are two inches long, half an inch broad, hatry, nbbed in the manner of plantain leaves, fomewhat crenated, and of a pale green colour. The The Hiftory of P t A N T B. The fialks are numerous; they are five or fix inches high, round, naked, a little hairy, and of a green or purplilh. colour : at the top fiand fix or eight pedicles, an inch long, and forming a kind of umbel; on each of thefe fiands a very large periartthium, with a [mall, white flower in it. This is a native of Auftria. It is kept in fome of our gardens. Tournefort calis it Androface vulgaris latifolia annua. Clufius, Androface altera. 'The other fpecies of Androface are, I. The narrow-leaved, fmooth, perennial Androface. 2. The narrow-leaved, hairy, many-flowered Androface; and, 3· The fingleflowered, narrow-leaved Androface, The two laft fpecies are called, by moft authors~ Sedusm. PRIMUL .A. T 1I E common involucrum of the flowers of the Primula is fmall, formed of many leaves, and contains feveral flowers: the perianthium is formed of one leaf; it is tubulous, pentangular, divided into five fegments, erect, acute, and permanent. The corolla confifis of a fingle petal; the tube is cylindric, and of the length of the cup, and terminated by a fmall hemifpheric neck: the limb is patent, and divided into five obtufe, emarginated, and obverfely cordated fegments: the ftamina are five Yery lhort filaments, placed within the neck of the corolla : the anther;.e are acuminated, erect, con-. nivent, and included : the germen is globofe ; the fiyle is filiform, and of the length of the cup : the ftigma is globofe. The pericarpium is a cylindric capfule, nearly of the length of the cup, covered, unilocular) and opening in ten places at the top. The feeds are numerous and roundi(h; the receptacle is of an ovato-oblong figure, and free. This genus comprehends the Primula veris, and the Auricula urfi; of authors. I. Primttla joliis denticulatis rugojis. The denticulate and rugofe-leaved Primula. ~Olbfiip. 'the root is compofed of a great number of thick, whitilh fibres, very 1ong, furnilhed with other fmaller fibres at their fides, and ~ffixed to a fmall, reddifh, fquam• mofe tuberofity or head. The radical leaves are two inches and a half long, an inch and a half broad, of a dufky green, very rugofe, and fomewhat denticulate. The ftalk is fix or eight inches high, fingle, naked, round, of a pale, whitilh. colour, and a little hairy. The flowers il:and in a kind of umbel at the top, eight or ten together, each on a pedicle of an inch, or more, in length : they are fmall, yellow, and very fweet. It is very common in our meadows in April. J. Bauhine calls it, Primula 'veris odorata flore luteo fimplici. C. Bauhine, Verbafculum pratenfe odoratum. It is a plant which eafily runs into varieties, and has been too generally defcribed under thefe, as if of a different fpecies. In the fields, the whole plant is fometimes larger, the flowers broader and paler coloured, and their pedicles longer; in this cafe the common people call it, the great Cowfiip, or Oxlip; and J. Bauhine calls it, Primula veris caulifera pallipo flare inodoro. C. Bauhine, Verbafculum pratenfe inodorum. In gardens, among a multitude of other varieties, the moll: beautiful and mofl: fingular is that in which the calyx affumes the appearance of a corolla. This variety is called, by Tournefort and others, Primula veris prolifera flore purpureo; with us, the Polyanthos. This elegant variety is wild, in the eafiern parts of the world; with us, only in gardens. . The flowers of the common Cowfiip are gently narcotic; a fyrup of them ufed to be kept in the fhops, with this intent, but a conferve anfwers the purpofe better. 2. Primula joliis crenatis glabris, limbo jlorum plano. The Jmooth, crenated-leaved Primula, with the limb of the .flower plane. The root con fifis of a number of long and thick fibres, affixed to a fhort, fmall, fquammofe head. The radical leaves are fpread on the furface of the ground; they arc an inch and a half long, near an inch broad, and ferrated about the edges; fmooth on the furface, not rugofe, or wrinkled, as thofe 'Of the cowilip, and of a much pa- X x x lfr |
