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Show ss6 'I'be Hifiory of P L A N T S. Theobroma frut!u oblongo. The o6lo1tgjruited Tbeobroma. The root is brachiated and large; the tree is not very tall, but it is of a very elegant form, and, when loaded with it's fruit, is of great beauty: the trunk is as th ick as a man's leg, and about five feet high : the branches are numerous ; the leaves are ten inches long, and four and a half broad, thin, and of a bright green: the flowers grow • on feparate hairy pedicles, an inch or two in length from the trunk and branches of the trees; they are fmall and yellowiil1 : the fruit is oblong, hard, fix inches in length and contains in it the feeds which make our chocolate. ' It is a native of America, C. Bauhine calls it> Amygdalis fimilis Guatimalenfis. There is but one other known fpecies of Theobroma, that is, the round-fruited Theobroma. Clefs the Eighteenth. Order the Second. POLYADELPHIA ICOSANDRI A. P /ants that have twenty jlami11a conneEied into fever a/ flries at their ~afes. C I T R U S. T HE calyx is a very fmall, deciduous perianthium, formed of one leaf, plane at the bafe, and divided into five denticulations at the top : the corolla confifts of five, oblong, plane, patent petals: the :fiamina are about twenty fubulated, compreifed filaments, ereCt, and placed in a circular manner, and coalefcing into feveral bodies, compofed of various numbers of them at the bafe: the antherre are oblong; the germen is roundilh: the fiyle is cylindric, and of the length of the :fiamina : the fiigii_Ja is globofe~ and has nine p~rtitions with.in it : the fruit is a berry, covered with a thtck, flelhy nnd, the pulp bemg formed mto veficles, and having nine cells: the feeds ~re two in each; they are of a fuboval figure, and callous fubftance. Th1s genus comprehends the Aurantium, Citrum, and Limon of Tournefort and others. In the Aurantium, the petioles are cordated. In the Citrum, the petioles are nak.ed and fimple. The Limon, Tournefort fays, is eafily diftingni!hed from both, by It's figure. But thefe are fpecific, not generical, diftinetions. Citrus petiolis linearibus. The Citrus, with linear petioles. 3Cilt <ttttron::: tree. .The root is br~chiated and fpreading : the tree grows to fifteen feet, or more, in height: the bark IS brown; .the young ihoots are tough, and very flexible : the leaves are large, oblong~ broadeft m the middle, and of a beautiful bright green: the flowers are large, wh~te,, and extrearnly fragrant: the fruit is larger than the lemon, but much refembles It m lhape and colour; it's furface is ufually uneven, often full of large protuberances. It is a native of Perfia. C. Bauhine calls it, Malus Medica; others, Citreum vulgare. The other fpecies of Citrus are, I. The Aurantium Vulgare or Aurantia Mala ; and, 2. The Lim~n :Vul~aris, or the common Orange and Le~on. Of both thefe there are many vanetles m the 1hape and fize of the fruit which authors have made diftina: fpecies. ' Clafi . 'I'be Hiflory of P L A N T S. 557 Clafs the Eighteenth. Order the Third. P 0 L Y A D E L P H I A P 0 L Y A N D R I A. P /ants which have very numerous .flamina conneEied together, into fever a/ feries at their bafes. HYPERICUM. T HE calyx is a permanent perianthium, lightly divided into five oval, hollow fegments: the corolla confifts of five oblong, oval, obtufe, patent petals: the :fiamina are numetous filaments, nearly of the )ength of the corolla ; they are ilender, and are conneCted at their bafes into five diftinet feries : the antherre are fmall; the germen is roundi(b ; the ftyles are ufually three, fometimes but two, fometimes five ; they are diftant, and of the length of the ft.a.mina: the fiigmata are fimple : the fruit is a roundi(b capfule, having as tl'lany cells as there are ftyles in the flower; the feeds are ~umerous and oblong., - , ' · This"genus c~mprehe~'~s the Androfcrn1um and Afcyrum of Tournefort. The Afcyrum has five fiyles, ~and • the feeds fimple : ·the Hypericum has three fiyles, and the p~ricar~ium f.TI~P1?f,~,lJflC~~~s ~ 1and t?f .A?drofremum has three ftyles, and the pericar-pmm [oft ana coloured. . I I ·r.rl\ 1'····, (1'../d ••'· •I , •· •• • Hyp~ricu~ ,·c~rollfs ft~J.~PKJJ~J: ~bule Jiet~a~o~o-herbaceo jimplici, foliis lrevi- ,, I I utlbus i12tegerrimis. The [quare, h~rbafeous-jlalke.t/1 tJiyp~ri~um, with jive jlyles, and with fmootb, 1 , , _,. __ · r :; :.. , • ,I ~ JI. J cmlu 1<. z d. z1vf r•a ieAa !1 l eaves. Th<ffH~t; i~: fibtdO~ aqd. fprer-<li~g '{: t~~e· ftdlks are I n,umerous, o~lique, a foot long, {qu·are, trough, and firm, ~nd ) utu~liy,·f:ir~wnHh :, the leaves are an mch and half long, near an inch broad, firm, even at the edge~, and of a pale green; they fiand in pairs : tfle flowers are an inch and a half in dialneter, of a beautiful yellow colour, and have a vaft number of ftaminal in the middle : the fi·uit is a large, dry capfute, containing five cells i • • ' ' I I I • I I; is a native 'of· the Ea.fl: Indies, but i's common in 6\u gardens. Morifon calls it, Androfremum jlore et theca quinquecapfulari omnium maximis. The other -fpecies are; 1. The great, berry-bearing Androftt-mum, or Tutfan. 2. The common St John's-wort. 3· The nummularia-leaved Hypericum. 4· The Syrian, ihbr'r-leaved Hypericum. 5· The Hypericum, with a curled, triangular leaf. 6. The little, ereCt Hypericum, called Tragus's pretty Hypericum. 7· The little, procurv.bent Hype~iculli. 8. !re larger, woolly, procumbent Hypericum. 9· The leifer·, 1 wddlly, ptbcumbent Hypericum. 10. The n:arfh, woolly, procumbent Hypericum, called Marfh St Peter's-~ort. I. r. The ha1r~, ereCt, r?und-fialked Hypericum. 12. 'J'he oriental Hypeucum, w1th leaves hal!Y at their edges. 13. The fimpJe.:. ihilked, ·elega'nt, bro~d-lea_ved ~,tperi~um. . 14. ',.,The. large, perfoliat~-leaved Hypericum. · 15. The fquare-fialked H'ypencutn, caUed common St Peter s-worroc. 16. The fine,. gl~~cous-Leayed, ftone Hr,pe~icum .. 17 . . The !linking, ihrubb~ Hypericum. 18. The lClrge-flowered, perfohate Hype'ncum. I 9· !he low, Alpme Hypericum, with, .~~rge 'fl9~~rs. 20: The ~yrtle-leaved. Hyp~~1cum.. 21. "I:he toadflax- leaved Hypericum. 22. The leaft, woolly .Hypencum. 2j. The [mall-leaved Hypericum, with very large flovvers, or Hypencum of mount Olympus. 24. 'The ereCt, willow-leaved Hypericum. 1 c r • • r .. • ., A· S C Y RUM. T H Ji"'calyx }s a perm~nent perianthi~m, c?mpofed of fou~ lea~es ; the two ex .. Jerior Vefr fmall, I placed oppofite and lmear ; the tWO mteflOf la.rge, plane, er,e~:. and, cordfJ.te4 ; th~ qnolla conGfi:s of four oval petals ; tqe two extenor ones op .. pofite-aQd verj'1atge; the iq~er~or fmaller : the fiamina are n~merous, capillary fila- • ' · · C ments . 7 ' |
