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Show The Hijlory of P .. LA N T S. · Order the · FfrjJ.. 0 C T A N D R I A M 0 N 0 G Y N I A. I Plants which have in every flower eight jJamina and only one j}yle. . . T R 0 P 1£ 0 L U M. T HE calyx is a deciduous perianthium,' compofed of a fingle leaf, divided into five fegments, ereCto-patulous, acute, coloured, and the two lower ones narrower than the refi. The corolla confill:s of five roundi{h petals, inferted into the diviiions of the cup ; the two upper petals are feffile; the three others have very long and barbated ungues: the fl:amina are eight lhort, fubulated, declinated, unequal filaments ; the antherre are erect, oblong, quadrilocular, and affurgent : tqe germen is roundifh, firiated, and formed of three lobes: the ll:yle 'is fimple, ereCt,' and of the length of the fiamina : the fl:igma is trifid and acute: the fruit c.onfifis of three capfulues convex, fulcated, and fl:riated on one fide, and angular on the other: the feeds are three, gibbous on one fide, and angulated on the other, but upon the wholl! fomewbat roundilh, and firiated deeply. This genus comprehends the Cardamindum .of rauthors. . ' \ I II 1. Tropceolum Joliis fubquinquelobzs, petalis bbtujis. i The obtt{e-petaled 'Tropceolu~, with /ttbquinquelobate leapes. jlnntan ~refs. The root is fmall, obl?ng, and divaricated : thP, fialks are flender and weak; they are to Be fupported by ~~~ks or bulhes, ·ot~er~if.e . they trail upon the gropnd. The leaves fiand fingly at the JOm.ts; they are an mdi and half, or more, in diameter, and ~ave each ~ ped1cle of five mches Jong, reddilh, ile{lder, and tortile; this is inferted mto th~ middle of the leaf, not at the fide, .and the ~gure ~f the leaf is peltated, approaching to round, but, when mofl: ,perfett, lightly ~nu-ated into five lobes. From the alre of tbe leayes .arjfe ! the,_pedicles of the flowe~s; ,they are long, flender, and conto1ted; the flower IS large, and of 'an extreamlj'be,autiful yel!ow, with an admix-ture of fcarlet. · . · . 1 • , 1 It is a native of Peru; it was 'brought into Europe in r684, and is now com,mon in our gardens. Tou r~efort c~lls it, Cardamindum amplior~ folio et majori flare; Ray• and others, Nailurtwm Indtcum. . i : , . l 2. Tropceolum foliis integris, petalis acuminato-:fetaceis. . ~~t'ttl~ 6ln'"'r'~n: The Jropceolum, with undivided leaves, and acumi- p.. "'JJ u " nato-Jetaceous petals. <!:tef.!i. The root is fibrous; the fialks are very flender,, w~ak, and tortuous : the pedicles of the leaves are long and ilender; the leaves themfelves fmall, round, and not at all finuated at the edge~ : the · fio~e~s .are of about ·half the fize o~ thofe of the former, and t?e peta~s acummated: thetr colour is a pale yellow. · . It ts a n.auve of Pe.r.u ; but .w.e have i~, with, th(\ other . in fome gardens. C. Bau-hme calls It, Naflurtium Indicum minus; Tour11efort; · C~rdamh1dum 'm'in'us: · \ ' A c E R. 1 Hi. 1 T H E. calyx is a permanen~ perianthium, co~pofed of a , fingle leaf, pl~ne and m . enttre at the. bafe, but dtv1ded toward the top into five acute, coloured fegents · the corolla ts fcarce larger than the cup; it confi!ls of five oval, obtufc, patent p~tals, broadefl: outwar~ly. T.he fl:amina are eight fhort, fubulated filament s: the ~ntheJ:l'! are firnple; the fanna cruciform: the germen is compreffcd, and is immerfed fln a large c~nvex, perforated. receptacle: the fiyle is filiform, and grows taller, as the o~er re~ams open : the fi1gmata are two, acuminated, flender, and reflex. The fnnt conhfls of a number of capfules, equal to that of the fl:igmata; they grow together '.!be Hijlory of P L A N T S. 397 ther at the bafe, and are compreffed, roundilh, and .each is terminated by a very large, membranaceous ala : the feeds are fingle, and round101 : at the fidl: op ning of the flower in this genus the ftigmata only appear, the fl:yle grows in length afterwards. In fame fpecies the corolla is f:arce. difiinct from the caly~, and the fl:amina are long. The flowers are often of two kmds m the fame clufier ; all, ]ndeed, are hermaphrodites, but, in the lower ones, the anther<e never burft, but the pill:il becomes a fruit; in the upper ones the anther:l! burfi, and the farina is lhed, but the pifiils decay. 1. Acer foliis quinque/obis acutis, obtufe ferratis, petiolis canalitulatis. 3tbt ~pea~ The Acer, with quinquelobate and obtzie!J dentated tno~e '.Etet. leaves. The root is large and brachiated ; the tree very large and beautiful; the bark of the young £hoots reddilh ; the leaves are very large and broad, divided into five lobes, ferrated at their edges, and of a dark green colo~r o~ the upper fide, but paler underneath, and ufually fomewhat whitiih .and hoary. The flowers are very fmall, and of a greenilh-white colour. The fruit is large and beautifully variegated with green and purple, in various degrees. · It is a native of Germany; it is common with us in plantations. We commonly) but very improperly, call it the Sycamore; it's proper name is the larger Maple. c. Bauhine calls it, Acer majus. · The other fpecies of the Acer are, r. The common, fmall Acer, or Maple, of our hedges. 2. The Acer with finely-divided leaves. 3· The great-leaved, Virginian Acer. 4· The broad, platanus-leaved Acer. 5· The finall, fugar Acer. 6. The rounderleaved Acer, the Opalus of the Italians. 7· The narrower-leaved Acer. D 0 D 0 N 1£ A. T H E calyx is a perianthium, divided into three eretl:, equal, oval fegments : there is no corolla : the fl:amina are eight extremely lhort filaments: the antherre are oblong, but fcarce of the length of the· calyx: the germen is triquetrous, and longer than the cup: the fl:yle is fubula~ed, and very long; the fiigma is fimple : the fruit is a roundiih capfule, with three cells, and with prominent, inflated angles: in the fame number; the feeds are fingle. Burman refers this to the Carpinus, Plumier to the Staphylodendron, but erroneoufly. The flower often varies in the addition of a third part to the number of the fegments, &c. Thefe charaCters fufficiently difiinguilh the Dodonrea, without a· farther defcription. HE calyx is a perianthium, formed of a fingle leaf, of a turbinated form, erect, campanulated, and divided into four fegmel)ts: the corolla confifl:s of four extremely minute petals, of an oval figure, arifing from the denticulations of the cup, and fcarce larger than they: the ftamina are eight extremely long, fubulatcd, erect filamet ts: the antherre are fimple and eretl:; the germen is oval; the fl:yle is filiform, and of the length of the ftamina; and the fiigma is fimple. Of this genus there is only one fpecies, which is fufficiently dill:inguilhed by thefe characters, without a farther defcription. A L L 0 P H Y L L U S. T HE calyx is a perianthium compofed of four leaves, of an orbicular figure, and two oppofite ones, fmaller than the others : the corolla confills of four petals; the fiamina are eight flender filc;tme,nts ; the anther<e are oblong ; the germen is didymous. Thefe charaCters fufficiently dill:ingui{h the Allophy11us, without a farther defcription. S I J AMBOLIFERA: |