OCR Text |
Show 'Ihe Hijlory of P L A N T S. I92 This genus comprehends the Scirpus of Micheli and Tournefort, and the S<;irpocy-perus of Micheli. I. Scirpus culmo triquetra Joliofo, panicula Joliofa., pedunculis 1zudis fu~ pra decompojitis, fpic!s conje~tts. . The triquetrous, Jolioje-jlalked Scirpus, wzth a folzofe, ramofe pamcle, and thick-Jet /pikes. The root of this fpecies is compofed of a number of ~lacki.lh, hard, ~nd .lhong fibres The fialk rifes to a foot and half, or two feet, m hetght, and. IS furrounded, fro~ it's bafc half way up, with ]eaves : thefe a~·e oblong, broader than m the common gra1r.s , an d can·n a ted , and they terminate in a f)OJ11t. At the to· p of thfte ftalk dt hfei re ftanhd a number of fhorter leaves, di{pofed in a radiated manner ltk.e a ar, an rom t e center of thefe rifes the panicle, which is very ramofe and d1~ufe, .and compofed of flJOrt and thick-fet fpikes affixed to naked peduncles. The pamcle IS very large, and makes a beautiful appearance. . It grows by river fides in fame parts of England, but I~ not very common: C. Rmhine calls it, Gramen Cyperoides miliaeum ; and J. Bauhme, Cyperus grammeus. 2 • Scirpus culmo tereti nudo, Jpicis plurimis pedunculatis terminatricibus. 'Ihe naked, round-.ftalked Scirpus, with numerous, pedunculated Jpikes. The root of this fpecies is extreamly large and thick, of a da~k, blackifh-red colour on the outfide, and white within; it creeps, a long way honzontally, under the furface of the ground : from this arife a great number of fialks. T hey ar: round, fmooth, and green, without knots or joints, and of four, five, or fix feet htgh, foft to the touch, and full of a white, fpungy pith. They. are largeft at the bottom, and gradually fmaller to the top, where there ilands a pamcle compofed of a number of brown, harlh, lhort fpikes, affixed to moderately long and naked peduncles. . This fpecies is common in alm?ft all ilandi.ng water~, and about the edge~ of nv~r~. C. B:1uhine calls it, ]uncus max1mus feu fctrpus maJor. Van Royen, Scupus fp1cts copiofis. 3. Scirpus culmo tereti nudo, /pica fubovata, imbricata, terminal rice. The naked, rotmd-flalked Scirpus, with an oval, imbricated /pike on it's fummit. The root of this fpecies is oblong, flender, and creeping, and is furnilhed with a great number of fibres. From this arife feveral ftalks, fome a foot and half high, fame not more than four inches ; thefe are round, fmooth, and full of a fpungy pith, and are reddi{h at the bottom, elfwhere green. On it's fummit fiands a fpike of an oval figure, and brown colour, of the bignefs of a horfe-bean. This fpecies is very frequent in rivers and ponds, and in damp grounds. C. Bauhine calls it, ]uncus capitulis equifeti. Haller, Scirpus caule aphyllo, fpica imbricata terete. The other more fingular fpecies of Scirpus are, r. The tall Scirpus, with ferrated leaves. 2. The pentagonal-ftalked Scirpus, flowering at the join ts. 3· The geniculated, hollow-fialked Scirpus. 4· The Scirpus, with round, umbellated heads. 5· The Sea-Scirpus, with round-clufiered head ~. 6. The lhort-headed, Mountain Scirpus. 7· The fhort-headed, dwarf Scirpm. 8. The hairy-{piked Scirpu s. E R I 0 P H 0 R U M. T HE calyx of the Eriophorum is an imbricated fpike, formed of plano-inflex. fqu~mmre, of an oblo~g, oval figme, feparating the flowers: there is no corolla. The fiamma are three capillary filaments ; the antherre are erect, and of an oblong fig me. 'Ibe Hijlory of P L A N T S. 1 93 fi gure. The germ en of the piflil is very 1inall; the fiyle is filiform, and of the length of the fquamm<e of the cup. The. fligmata. are t.hree in numbe:; t~cy arc longer than the fly):: , and arc reflex. There ts no pencarplllm: the feed IS tnquctrous and acuminated, and has hairs on it longer than the ipikc. I. Eriophortt7JZ culmo folirfo tereti, joliis planis. 7he round and .foliofe-jlalkcd Eriophorum, with flat leaves. The root of this fj)ecics is compofed of a number of reddifh-brown fibres. From this ri~e fcv.eral flat, ~raGy leaves, ' and among thefc the fialk ; this is a foot, or more, 111 hetght, and ts round, fmooth, and in all things· refcmbles a fmall rufh : on the. top of d.is iht~ds a panicle, which, when ripe, is of the fize of a walnut, and wbne as fnow. It 1s c~mpofed of fcveral fpikes fianding on oblong pedicles, and fecms formed of the fincH: whne cotton, or of a fubfl.ance fiill finer than that. 1 his fj1ecies is not unfrcqucnt with us in boggy grounds. C. Bauhine calls it, Gramen pratenfc tomentofum panicula fparfa. Tournefort, Linagrofiis panicula ampliore · and Haller, Linagro!lis foliis planis, fpicis multiplicibus. ' 2. Eriophorum culmis teretibtts, vaginatis, Jpica mem-branacea. The round, vaginated-.flalked Eriophorum, with membranaceous /pikes. Jgorfctatt 11\ttOJ. The root of this fpecies confifls of a great number of fibres of a brown colour pe~1etrati ng deep into the earth: the leaves are ruiliy and final!, and terminate in ~ pomt. ~mong a c!ufl.er of thef~ r~fcs the ftalk., which grows to fix, eight, or ten mches htgh, fomettmes more ; It IS round, finated, and tender, and about it's bafe has feveral leaves furrounding it. At the top of each ftalk ftands a fpike, compofed of a number of fquammre, which are hoary, and covered with a tomcntofe matter, and feel as foft as vdvet : the whole looks of a beautiful white. T?is fpecies is f~und on. boggy gr~und, in feveral parts of England. C. Bauhine ca~ls It, Juncus Alp1.nus cap1tu.lo lanug.mof? five fchrenolaguros. .Morifon, Gramen juncoJdcs lan~tum Damcum. Lmnreus, 111 h1s Fl. Lap. calls it, Enophorum fpica erecb, caule teret1. 3· Eriophorum culmis triquetris nudis, /pica pappo 6reviore. The triquetrous, naked-jlalked Eriophorum, with jpikes jhorter than the down. . The root of this fpecies is compofed of a number of fmall, brown fibres, joined mto a tuft at the top. From this arife a number of oblong, ilender leaves, of a triangu~ ar for~, an~ 111 the center of t~efe ten or twelve ftalks, not exceeding three or four mches 111 hetght. Thefe are tnquetrous, green, foft, and filled with a fpungy pith, and at the top of each fiands a fhort fpike erect, formed of fquammre and fur-nii11cd with a fine fnow w bite, and tolerably long cottony matter. ' This fpe.cie~ is not found in England, but. in Denmark, Sweden, and fame parts of Germany .It IS n?t u~.con;mon.. c .. Bau~me calls it, Juncus Alpinus bombycinus. Haller, Lmagro{hs folus tnquetns, fp tca umca oblonga. Linnc.eus, in his Fl. L. Eriophorum fpica ereCl:a, canle triquetra. Ddd Clqjs |