OCR Text |
Show 1897.] MYOLOGY OF THE TERRESTRIAL CARNIVORA. 391 latissimus dorsi tendon and occasionally, as in the case of one specimen of Ursus americanus (49), Vlverrlcula malaccensis (15), and Nasua (60), gives off the dorso-epitrochlearis. Teres minor.-This muscle is sometimes very closely fused wdth the infraspinatus, sometimes fairly distinct. W e are not inclined to lay any stress on this condition, since it varies in different specimens of the same animal; moreover, that which to one observer would be fairly distinct might be indistinct to another. Meckel (XXXIX.) says that the teres minor is absent as a distinct muscle in most Carnivora. In the following animals the muscle is described as distinct:-Felis leo (1), F. catus (6), Cryptoprocta (10), Viverra civetta (12, 13), Genetta (18), Hyaena striata (26), Hyaena crocuta (29), Canis familiaris (31, 39), Lycaon pictus (44), Ursus marltlmus (45), Procyon lotor (53), Gallctls harbara (64), Mustela putorius (65). In the following animals the teres minor was inseparable from the infraspinatus :-Proteles (25), Hycena striata (28), Ursus americanus (49), Procyon lotor (54), Cercoleptes (61), Lutra vulgaris (74), and Lutra cinerea (78). To these must be added the animals on which Meckel founded his generalization and probably many of those in which no mention is made of the muscle. Biceps cubiti.-In by far the greater number of Carnivora this is a single-headed muscle, the Ursidae, as will be seen, forming a marked exception. When only one head is mentioned it is the one from the top of the glenoid cavity which passes through the shoulder-joint. In the following animals the biceps had only one head:-Fells leo (1, la), F. tlgrls (3), F. catus (6, 7, 7 a), F. caracal (8), Cyncelurus jubatus (9), Cryptoprocta (10, 11), Viverra civetta (12, 13), Genetta (16, 16a, 17, 18), Paradoxurus (19, 21), Herpestes (24), Proteles (25), Hycena striata (26, 28), Hycena crocuta (29), Canis familiaris (31, 34, 35, 36, 37) (see fig. 8, p. 390), Canis aureus (42), Lycaon pictus (44), Canis vulpes (42), Ursus americanus (50), U. arctos (47) (on left side), Procyon lotor (54, 55), P. cancrl-vorus (57), Nasua (58, 59, 60, X X X I X . ) , Galictis vittata (63), Mustela putorius (65), M. foina (66), Ictonyx (69, 70), Meles taxus (71, 72, 73), Lutra vulgaris (74, 76), L. cinerea (78). In describing the biceps of the Civet both Macalister (IX.) and Young (VIII.) speak of the single head as rising from the coracoid process. We found the same arrangement in Herpestes (24), but were convinced that this head corresponds not to the short but to the long one of human anatomy ; our chief reason for this is that it passes through the shoulder-capsule and bicipital groove. In the following animals a second head v\ as found rising from the coracoid process with the coraco-brachialis : Paradoxurus (20), Ursus marltlmus (45, 46), Ursus arctos (47) (on right side), Ursus americanus (48, 49, 52), Procyon lotor (53) (very feebly marked), Cercoleptes (61, 62). The insertion is, in most cases, into the radius only, though in the Hyaenidae it is described as going to the radius and ulna. As a rule, there is very little insertion into fascia,. though Shepherd describes a strong bicipital fascia in |