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Show 1897.] BLUE BEAR OF TIBET. 425 Dr. Merriam describes the skull as relatively long, with the temporal impressions in the adult not turning in abruptly from the postorbital processes, and the frontal elevated and usually convex between the latter. The fore claws are longer and less curved than in any other member of the group. The Sonoran Grizzly-the U. horribilis horrlceus of Baird-• which ranges from the southern Rocky Mountains to Northern Mexico and California, has the frontal region flattened and concave between the postorbital processes. Whether this form should rank as a distinct subspecies (in my sense of that term) I am not prepared to say definitely, although I am inclined to think it should not. If a quadrinomial term were permissible, such would best express its relationship. It is not quite easy to understand what are Dr. Merriam's views on the subject, since on page 69 of his memoir he alludes to it as U. horrlceus, and on page 75 as U. horribilis horrlceus. 10. URSUS ARCTUS RICHARDSONI.-Barren-Ground Bear. Ursus richardsoni, Swainson, Animals in Menageries (Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopaedia), p. 54 (1838); Merriam, P. Biol. Soc. Washington, x. p. 77 (1896). This Bear, according to Dr. Merriam, differs from the Grizzly in the shorter skull, in which the temporal impressions of the adult bend in suddenly from the postorbital processes so as to form nearly a right angle with the median line. The fourth lower premolar is stated to have no inner tubercles. In size this Bear is the smallest American member of the group. Its range includes the so-called Barren Grounds between Hudson Bay and the Mackenzie River. 11. URSUS ARCTUS CROWTHERI.-African Brown Bear. Ursus crowtheri, Schinz, Svn. Mamm. p. 302 (1842) ; Busk, Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. x. p. 73 (1877). Helarctos (?) crowtheri, Gray. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 698; Cat. Carniv. Brit. Mus. p. 236 (1869). Ursus faldherhlanus, Bourguignat, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Zool.) ser. 5, viii. p. 43 (1867). Of this Bear I have no definite knowdedge, and it is only on distributional grounds that I include it in the U. arctus group. Gray, who provisionally placed it in his genus Helarctos, describes it as follows:-''Fur long, shaggy, blackish brown, beneath orange-rufous ; nose very short, acuminate, black; toes short; claws stout and straight." The evidence of the existence of a Bear in North-western Africa is summarized by Busk in the passage quoted above. Tbe types of tbe species were two specimens captured in 1834 at Tetuan, particulars of which were communicated to Blyth by Mr. Crowther. Busk writes that " according to Capt. Loche, author of several w^orks on the mammalogy of Algeria, the Brown Bear would PROC. ZOOL. Soc-1897, No. XXVIII. 28 |