| OCR Text |
Show 1888.] DR. H. GADOW ON THE REMIGES OF BIRDS. 661 Group B.-With 10 distinct, functional primaries. The 10th is always considerably shortened and, as a rule, hardly reaches to one third towards the tip of the wing, rarely halfway towards the tip, as in the Corvidse. A small llth quill is frequently present, but almost invariably hidden between its upper covert and the 10th primary. Where the 11th quill is absent, its covert is not always present. This indicates a further reduction of the quills in comparison with the wing of the non-oscinine Passeres. To this group belongs the majority of the so-called Oscines decem-pennatse, which correspond with Wallace's series of Typical or Turdoid Passeres. Corvidae Oriolidaj Corvus Gy mnorhina Strepera Cyanocitta Sphecotheres Mimeta Collyriocincla Euryceros Graucalus Pycnonotus Pomatorhinus Phyllornis Xlth prim. I 1 + 1 1 1 + 1 1 + 1 + Xth upper covert. + + + + + + + + Size of the terminal primary. 1-7 cm. long. About 1-2 cm. long. In Strepera 1*2 cm. long, and somewhat shorter than its upper corert. In Cracticus and Gymnorhina very small and occult. Very tiny, shorter than its upper covert. In P. layardi 1 cm., in other species often short. In Pomatorhinus and Malaco-cercus more than 1 cm. in length. Upper llth covert extremely small. |
