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Show Women as Workers 32 in families where The median family income was highest ($8,840) income. 40 to 30 percent of family wives' earnings accounted for from were the wives obviously It was lowest ($3,840) in families where income. for 75 percent or more of family principal earners, accounting 23. Job-Related Expenses of Working Wives have many ex Working wives, and particularly working mothers, available to their working that reduce the income penses related to costs involved are for cloth them from their earnings. The principal child care and household ing and personal care, food, transportation, Studies reveal that these work-related between one-fourth and one-half of a wife's expenses may absorb to their earnings." If she has children, her expenses vary according help arrangements, and taxes. number and ages. for clothing, beauty care, and Working wives tend to spend more wives do. They other personal grooming needs than nonworking more of the time to tend because food buy for they may spend more eat more meals in public eat saving "convenience foods" and to to and from work. ing places. They have transportation expenses have considerable expenses for Working mothers, in addition, may involve private or public day day care for their children. This may and mothers often pay wives Working care centers or babysitters, or maids as such women, and they may cleaning for household help household their laundry to com their increase expenses by sending mercial establishments. There are other job-related expenses, such as purchased lunches, dues for organizations or union mem re professional quired uniforms, continued education even bership, professional publications, or Federal and State income depending on the requirements of the job. In addition, the earn taxes and social security taxes must be paid. income in a higher income ings of the wife often place total family tax bracket. home, On the other hand, there are benefits from working outside A few are income. increased one of obvious the addition to family in but significant. Among the most are tangible; the intangible personally measurable benefits may be employee pension plans, health insurance In Monthly Labor Review, "The Working Wife and Her Family's Economic Position," "Marital and Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, April 1962, and Ann H. Candle, "Financial and 1962. Family Characteristics of Workers," Ibid., January In Journal of Home Eco Management Practices of Employed and Nonemployed Wives," Bureau of Labor See also Special Labor Force Report No. 4{), December 19'64. 8 Bureau o,f nomics, Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. |
