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Show 1885.] DR. ST. G. MIVART ON THE ARCTOIDEA. 391 There is a very faintly marked external cingulum and a very strong internal one. The second true molar has four cusps. Of these the two outer are the stronger pair, while the inner pair are more prolonged antero-posteriorly. There is a trace of an external cingulum. The internal cingulum is strongly developed. There is an elongated talon supporting irregular prominences somewhat like those found in Ailuropus. The fourth lower premolar has one cusp, to which a small keel is annexed. The first molar is qninquecuspidate - one anterior, then two principal cusps (one within and the other without), followed by two cusps, side by side, on the heel. The second molar has four cusps (a pair external and a pair internal opposite each other), with one transverse ridge in front of the anterior pair, and another behind the posterior pair. The third lower molar is a rounded tooth, the crown of which has an irregular punctional surface very like that found on the molars of Ailuropus. The thyroid cartilage is very strongly notched below medianly. The tongue has a well-developed lytta1, and is covered with small conical papillae, amongst which larger fungiform papillae are scattered. There are five circumvallate papillae, forming a V-shaped patch as usual. The papillae are larger in front of this patch. Behind it are flattened papillae which have the form of large conical cones. The kidney is lobulated, each lobe being a small kidney in itself with one mamilla. The brain2 is richly convoluted. The Sylvian fissure is exceedingly long and exceedingly oblique. The sagittal gyrus is especially complicated, expanding greatly in front, and tends to be divided into two longitudinally. The parietal gyrus is simple and single. The Sylvian gyrus has its anterior limb exceedingly slender. The Ursine lozenge here attains its maximum of size and distinctness. The calloso-marginal and crucial sulci are separated by a continuation of the hippocampal gyrus forwards and upwards into the sagittal gyrus behind the crucial sulcus. Melursus 3. - This curious Indian species has an elongated snout which resembles that of Mydaus. It is naked, and has no median groove whatever. It has very extensile lips, and very elongated and curved blunt claws. There are 15 dorsal, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 11 caudal vertebrae. The relative length of the skull is at its maximum amongst Carni- 1 Cuvier, Lecons d'Anat. Comp. tome iv. lre partie, p. 553. 2 See I. c. p. 19, fig. 8. 3 Ursus labiatus, Desm. Mam. p. 166 ; Foster, Syn. Mam. p. 144; Hodgson, J. A. S. B. i. p. 340, x. p. 910; P. Z. S. 1834, p. 9 ; Calcutta Journ. N.H. iv. p. 288; Wagner, Supp. ii. p. 148; P. Gervais, Mam. ii. p. 18. Ursus longirostris, Tiedemann, Abh. fiber das vermeintl. barenart. Faulthier, 1820; Reichenbach, N. A. Nat. Cur. xiii. i. p. 323, pi. xv. Bradypus ursinus, Shaw, Zool. i. p. 159, pi. xlvii. Prochilus ursinus, Illiger, Prod. p. 109. Melursus labiatus, Meyer, Gray, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 699; Cat. Carniv. Brit. Mus. p. 237. Ursus labiatus, De Blainville, Osteog. 26* |