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Show 1885.] DR. ST. G. MIVART ON THE ARCTOIDEA. 365 subdivided, with a very large and very distinct internal cingulum, which rises into an obscure cusp at its postero-internal angle. The second and third inferior premolars are like those of Procyon and Nasua. The fourth inferior premolar is a more simple tooth, not only than in any Arctoid yet noticed, but than in any IEluroid and Cynoid, except it be a form in which that tooth is merely rudimentary, as Proteles. The crown consists of a single cusp, with the most minute indications of rudimentary ones in front and behind, more so behind. The first lower true molar is like the same tooth of Procyon, with a semicircular addition to the talon, bearing three tubercles. It is larger relatively than even the corresponding tooth of Ailuropus. The second inferior molar, on the other hand, is a small rounded tooth with a rather large external and rather small internal cusp, with a talon which predominates externally, so as to form a sort of second external cusp. The tongue is rather long and narrow. There are four circum-vallate papillae on either side diverging from a single, more posterior one. I could find no trace whatever of a lytta. The anal glands are normal, but, in addition, there is a very noteworthy bilobed gland, which discharges its secretion into a median pouch or sack, situated beneath the root of the tail, and lined with stiff hairs. This subcaudal pouch is no homologue, though it may be an analogue, of the perineal glands so often found in the Viver-rida. The external ear is short and rounded and inconspicuous. The brain has the anterior limb of the Sylvian gyrus the narrower. The sagittal gyrus, on the contrary, expands very much forwards and is very contorted, and has certain superficial linear depressions on its more posterior part. The anterior part of the cerebrum is very largely developed, the crucial sulcus being placed very far back. There is a very small but very definite Ursine lozenge \ Arctonyx2.-This pig-like Badger genus comprises only one certainly distinct species, which ranges from the north end of Hindostan and Assam and Northern China. It is remarkable for its long snout with a naked mobile termination, which is truncated and perforated by two large terminal nostrils. It is also noteworthy for the combination of a soft under fur, with long bristly hairs interspersed amongst it. The ears are very short and round and flat. The eyes are small. It is carnivorous and nocturnal. There are 16 dorsal, 4 lumbar, 4 sacral, and 20 caudal vertebrae. It has almost the relatively shortest lumbar region of any Carnivore, the only shorter being those of Mellivora and Crocuta. It has the relatively shortest metatarsus of any Carnivore, and the longest palate, compared with the length of the cranium, of any Carnivore, except Procyon. It has the narrowest brain-case, relatively, of any Arctoid. 1 P. Z. S. 1869, p. 14. 2 See F. Cuvier, Mamm. iii. p. 51 ; P. Z. S. 1865, p. 137; P. Z. S. 1869, p. 12; Wagner's Suppl. ii. p. 186 ; Gervais, Mamm. ii. p. 104. |
