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Show 364 LEADING FACTS OF NEW MEXICAN PUEBLO HISTORY On the 27th day of August, Otermin reached the pueblo of Isleta, but the Spaniards and garrison who had resided at this pueblo had left thirteen days before and fled to the south to Fra Cristobal.*” committing of the murders there. At the time there was no resident friar at San Felipe, but the missionaries for the three Queres pueblos of Cochiti, Santo The Domingo, and San Felipe resided at the convent of Santo Domingo. Indians of San Felipe also took part in the frightful slaughter of Spanish colonists that occurred in the ranches between the pueblo and Algodones. See Interrogatorio de Varios Indios, fol. 139; also Diario de la Retirada, 1680, Ms., fol. 31. When Governor Otermin and his band of refugees came down from Santa Fé by way of the pueblo of Santo Domingo, the pueblo of San Felipe was abandoned by the Indians and many of the latter appeared upon the high mesa on the west side of the Rio Grande, watching the Spaniards as they came down the valley. As soon as the Spaniards had passed by the Indians re-occupied their homes. church of San Felipe was built by Fray Cristobal de Quifiones, who died at the pueblo in 1607, and was buried in the temple which he had founded. The Queres occupied this pueblo until after 1683.’’ Vetancurt, Cronica, p. 315, says that previous to the revolt San Felipe had a ‘‘Capilla de Musicos.’’ It is well established, says Bandelier, that many of the Pueblo Indians knew and performed church music in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. When Diego de Vargas came in 1693, he found the people of San Felipe living on top of the Black Mesa which overlooks the site of the present pueblo. A church was built on this new site of the pueblo after 1694, the ruins of which may be seen today on the brink of the mesa. The present town of San Felipe was built in the beginning of the eighteenth century, and is the fourth town of the tribe bearing the name Kat-isht-ya. Not a vestige is left of the old pueblo at the foot of Ta-mi-ta; the village, the church, and the convent, all have been entirely obliterated by floods from the Arroyo Tun-que and the Rio Grande. 873 After leaving San Felipe and Sandia pueblos, Otermin marched ‘ para la estancia de Da Luisa de Trugillo,’’ three leagues distant from Sandia. Opposite to it stood the hacienda of the Lieutenant-General Alonzo Garcia. ‘‘De este parage se marché otras quatro leguas 4 la hacienda de los Gomez, sin ver mas enemigos y en todo este camino que hay desde el pueblo de Zandia hasta esta estancia, se hallaron todas disiertas robadas, asi de ganados como de las cosas de casa, siendo muchas las haciendas que hay de una y otra vanda del rio.’’ The hacienda of the Maestro de Campo Juan Dominguez de Mendoza lay ‘‘en la jurisdiccion que llaman Atrisco tres leguas antes del pueblo de la Alameda.’’— Diario de las Retirada, fol. 35, and, Ynterrogatorio de Preguntas (Mendoza’s own testimony). According to the Testimonio de Diligencias sobre la Fundacion de Albuquerque de Santa Maria de Grado, de Pujwuaque y Galisteo (1712, Ms.) there were, before the revolt of 1680, nineteen ranchos, haciendas, etc., of Spaniards in the vicinity of where Albuquerque now stands. = also Peticion de los Vecinos de Albuquerque al Cabildo de Santa Fé, 1708, 8. ; At the time of the revolt the pueblo of Isleta had about two thousand Inhabitants. They were Tiguas. In 1629 it was a mission and had a resident friar. Its inhabitants did not participate in the uprising, owing to the fact that the Spanish settlers took refuge here as soon as the uprising began. Their position at the pueblo, however, could not be maintained, and they proceeded REBELLION AND INDEPENDENCE 365 When Otermin reached the pueblo of Alamillo,*"* above Socorro, he met Garcia who was returning from Fra Cristobal, having been overtaken by the messengers sent out by the governor. Otermin was also reénforced by a command of thirty men under. the Mestro de Campo, Pedro de Leyba, who had come with Lieutenant General Garcia from Fra Cristobal, having met him about a league south of the pueblo of Alamillo. When Otermin and Garcia met, the latter was taken to task for having left Isleta and legal proceedings were taken against him on that account, but Garcia claimed that he had acted through necessity, believing that all of the Spaniards in the north had been slain. From Alamillo all continued southward to Fra Cristobal *** where on the 16th of south.— Diario de la Retirada, fol. 43, et seq. When Governor Otermin reached Isleta he found it abandoned. In the Diario, fol. 35, he says: ‘‘Y otro dia prosiguio su marcha para el dicho pueblo de la Ysleta, y pasando 4 el lo hallo despoblado de toda la gente y naturales, y sin persona ninguna asi religiosos como vecinos.’’ Old Isleta, the one abandoned after 1681, stood very near the site of the present village of the name; it was located on a sort of delta or island between the bed of a mountain arroyo and the Rio Grande, and it is owing to this peculiar location that it received its name of Isleta from the Spaniards. 874. No mention is made of Alamillo by Juan de Ofiate. The pueblo was situate a few miles south of La Joya on a bluff not far from the banks of the Rio Grande. It was called ‘‘Alamillo’’ because of the groves of cottonwood trees in the valley near by. Bandelier, A. F., Final Report, pp. 239-240, says: ‘‘ Until the uprising of 1680, Alamillo had a church dedicated to St. Anne, and its population in that year amounted to three hundred.’’ It was a Piro pueblo. Some of the In- dians from this pueblo joined the Spaniards in their retreat. The Maestro de Campo Francisco Gomez, says: ‘‘Saliendose todos con la fuerza que tenian siendo la mor cantidad y mejores soldados del rno, lleuvandose consigo la jente del puo de la despoblados. ’’ Ysleta, Seuiletta 875 Before leaving Fra y Cristobal Alamillo, dexando los for the north to meet pueblos desiertos Governor y Otermin, Lieutenant-General Garcia wrote a letter to Padre Fr. Ayeta, then at El Paso, notifying him that he had received news from Governor Otermin. Padre Fr. Sierra also wrote a letter on the same date to Fr. Ayeta giving him the names of the padres who had been murdered and the names of those surviving. Captain Sebastian Herrera and Fernando Chaves had been north to the country of the Utes, and returning were at Taos when the outbreak occurred; they escaped and reached the capital while the siege was in progress and proceeded south, joining Garcia at Isleta. : On the 31st day of August Padre Fr. Ayeta wrote to the viceroy that he had heard of the revolt and supposed that Governor Otermin and all the Spaniards in the north were dead. In this letter he states that the Maestro de Campo, Pedro de Leyba, had started north with twenty-seven men and supplies: thinks that a stand should be made at El Paso or the entire northern country would be lost to the government, and urges that if Otermin be killed Leyba Later on, Succeed him; states also that twenty-seven friars had been killed. when the friar had received more authentic informaton, on September 11th, |