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Show 382 LEADING FACTS place with great strength. elaring they would OF NEW MEXICAN PUEBLO HISTORY The inhabitants were very defiant, de- perish rather than surrender, also stating that they would kill all the Spaniards together with any cowardly natives who might join them. De Vargas continued to parley and offer them full pardon, in which he was ably assisted by the friars, and before night the Tanos yielded without a blow being struck, and Santa Fé again became a loyal Spanish villa.*** Tu-pa-ti was the most powerful and influential of all the Indian chieftains after the death of Popé and Catiti. After the surrender of the Tanos this Indian appeared at the THE PUEBLOS SUBMIT capital on horseback, clad in Spanish cosWITHOUT CONFLICT tume, and tendered his allegiance and that of the Tehuas. He informed De Vargas that the Queres, Jemez, Pecos, and Taos Indians would not recognize his authority and in all probability would offer strong resistance, but he was willing to accompany the governor on his march and would aid him in securing a peaceful surrender of the tribes named. The fifty soldiers whom the viceroy had sent from Parral had now arrived and joined De Vargas at Galisteo. The great pueblo of Pecos was abandoned by its inhabitants and although the governor endeavored to induce them to accept pardon for their past offenses, the negotiations being carried on for five days through a few who had been captured and acted as messengers, he was unable to secure their submission, and he returned to Santa Fé. On the 29th the governor started for the north, going by way of Pojoaque, Cafiada de Santa Cruz, and passing by the Tanos pueblos of San Cristobal and San Lazaro, situate below the old pueblo of San Juan de los Caballeros. In his journey he also visited Tesuque, Nambé, Santa Clara, San Ildefonso, Cuyamungué, Picuriés, and finally reached the Pueblos of Taos. These ran away but were induced to return after being solicited by Tu-pa-ti. They revealed to the commander a plot which had been agreed upon by which the Spaniards were to be attacked from an ambush. These also joined the force of the governor as did also many Indians of other pueblos. De Vargas now returned to Santa Fé, and on the 15th day of 387 There is no foundation for the statement made by Davis shed in in his Spanish Conquest of New Mesxioo that there was a great conflict, lasting all day. is well established campaign. that there was no blood the first De It Vargas REBELLION AND INDEPENDENCE 383 October sent a report to the viceroy that all the pueblos for thirtysix leagues had given in their submission; that the friars had baptized nearly a thousand children, and that to hold the country it would be necessary to establish permanent garrisons, and ‘‘to send less than 50 families and 100 soldiers would be like throwing a grain of salt into the sea.’’ In his letter to the king’s representative in Mexico, De Vargas also recommended the sending of convict mechanics from Mexican jails who would serve as teachers and search for metals. The messenger bearing this report reached Mexico on the 21st of November and the following day there was a great celebration, the cathedral being illuminated by order of the viceroy. The pueblo of Pecos sent in its allegiance two days after De Vargas had sent his report to the City of Mexico, and three days later the Indians of Cochiti, San Marcos, and San Felipe were persuaded to re-occupy their pueblos. The pueblos of Santa Ana, Cia, Jemez, and Santo Domingo now surrendered, although there was a slight demonstration on the part of the Indians of Jemez. Winter was now upon them and De Vargas, from the Hacienda de Mejia, sent all his artillery, horses which were disabled, Indian auxiliaries, ten settlers, and a party of rescued captives, to El Paso, accompanied by an escort of soldiers.°** On the 30th day of October, with a command of eighty-nine men, the general marched to Acoma, where he found the Indians prepared for defense of their pueblo. They did DE VARGAS MARCHES not believe that they would be pardoned for TO ACOMA AND zUS1 the heinous offenses of which they had been guilty, and asked De Vargas to pass on to Zuiii and give them time in which to consider the matter of submission. Finally, however, the Indians yielded and De Vargas, the friars, and fifteen soldiers were admitted to the summit of the rock, where the ceremonies of submission were performed and a good many children baptized. The commander now proceeded on his way to Zui, and arriving 888 Siguenza says that these were mostly half-breeds; no Spaniards except a while in captivity, few women, with the children that had been born to them According to the and who had been held by the rebellious Indians since 1680. Archivo N. Mex. there were forty-three of these captives. |
