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Show 172 LEADING of the expedition. abundance; money FACTS OF NEW MEXICAN HISTORY FRANCISCO Arms, horses and supplies were furnished in was advanced from the royal chest to anyone his personal qualities and abilities, which may be made useful in the various affairs which arise in these parts of the Indies, I have already written to your Majesty,’’ says Mendoza, in his letter to the emperor, dated December 10, 1537, It is known that he came to New Spain with Mendoza two years previous to the writing of this letter. He was always upon good terms with the viceroy, until after his return from the expedition to Quivira. His wife was Beatriz de Estrada, a cousin by blood, as it was said at the time, of the emperor, Charles V. Her father, Alonzo, had been royal treasurer of New Spain. From his mother-in-law Coronado received as a marriage gift a very large estate, by royal grant. He also obtained another estate, that of Juan de Burgos. This acquisition was also confirmed by royal grant. At least, 80 it is said in Icazbalceta’s Mexico, vol. i, p. 95. Later on, when Coronado had returned from his unfortunate expedition, an order was received from Spain, a part of the ‘‘ New Laws and Ordinances for the Indies,’’ calling for an investigation into the value and extent of his estates. In the year 1537, a revolt occurred among the negroes working in the mines at Amatapeque. Thither the viceroy sent Coronado, who quickly quelled the revolt with the aid which was confirmed of some friendly Indians. This exploit Mendoza reported to the emperor at the time. In 1538, Coronado became a legally recognized citizen of the City of Mexico, where he was a witness chosen to testify to the formal recognition by the Marquis del Valle of the royal order which gave Hernando De Soto the right to explore and conquer Florida. of De Soto, Alvaro de Sanjurlo, In September, of that year, the representative summoned Coronado himself to recognize and promise obedience to the same royal order ‘‘as governor, as Sanjurlo declared him to be, of New Galicia.’? Coronado promised his obedience to his emperor, but said that the matter presented by inasmuch as he was not governor nor Sanjurlo did not concern him at all, was he at that time advised that his Majesty desired him to have such a position; but, if hig Majesty should desire his services in that position he would obey and submit to the royal provis ion for him whenever he wa to the royal interests. He also ‘Says that he kno ws nothing about the government of Ayllon or that of Narv aez, which were mentioned in the grant to De Soto. Coronado evidently knew Something of the art of dissimulation. At any rate his answer was not satisfactory to the representative of the discoverer of the Mississippi, who informed Coronado that he had received me Coronado was to be appointed information governor of New Galicia. Coronado de: coe to make further answer, whereupon Sanjurlo formally protested that the ame for any expenditures, damages, Scandals, or other injurious results which ep come from a failure to observe the royal order must be laid at the door of . a to whom they rightfully belonged, and that they would not result from any fault or omission on the part of De Soto. It igs likely that Mendoza had already suggested to the king that Coronado b i The conby the crown until after the death of de la Torre. a diiahs os April 18, 1539. He was allowed a a salary of one thousand ae — the royal treasure chest and one thousand five hundred more from royal revenues would not be laid liable for ththe cee’ atter with Sum ain proviso the eventthathe the was unable to collect the amount from his Province. He immediately began the performance of by appointing judges and magistrates f Coronado was actively engaged in ha. wh iar WV ae. : : eters ; eke »teth er on his of exploration, together with the under the authority ofjourney the viceroy, Coronado accompani ed the VASQUEZ CORONADO 173 who had debts to pay before he could depart, and provision was made for the support of those who were about to be left behind by fathers, brothers, or husbands. The equipment of the force was all that the viceroy could desire. Beside the commander-in-chief, Don Francisco Vasquez Coronado, the officers of the expedition, as given by Castafieda, were: Standard-bearer, Don Pedro de Tobar, a young cavalier, son of Don Fernando de Tobar, mayor-domo of the late queen, Joana; master-at-arms, Lope de Samaniego, governor of the arsenal of Mexico; captains, Don Tristan de Arellano, Don Pedro de Guevara, Don Garcia Lopez de Cardenas, Don Rodrigo Maldonado, brother-in-law of the Duke de Infantado, Diego Lopez, The member of the city council of Seville, and Diego Gutierrez. at rae the under directly placed were remaining ‘‘gentlemen’’ the general, because they were men of distinction, and a num of them were afterwards appointed captains. The commander 0 the infantry was Pablo de Melgoza, and the chief of artillery ag The historian of the expedition was Pedro de nando de Alvarado. Castafieda 9° de Nacera, who accompanied the expedition in all its friar as far as Culiacan, the furthest north of all the Spanish settlements at that T ceawhtes was the leader in the improvement of the ~~ ¢ ee 3, ee and on account of his services and activities in this perches ait obtain, by royal grant, a coat of arms, which was eo at of hae na ale oe sana Gr I of history his in Icazbaleeta by declared is as 1539, following year, who promulgated the order, dated Decem er ee ae sabia ane yatke ee ee it was decreed that thereafter no settler should build a except stone, brick, or un-baked brick, and that the ae the style of those in Spain, having in view the permanency ment of lg ities. ti ; : thereot, : Marcos returned from his trip to — 2 y Coro- et nado and with the friar he went to the City of Mexico, Ms ete : natvied ue ak aie what Marcos had witnessed on his journey to the ws the expedition of which capital assisting the viceroy in making preparations shits Cage a he was later placed in command, under the title of cap sad’ sae Wildeel Sa Upon his return from this expedition, attended by s + cet’ al ia a reat tel pomp The abe compe but his received pele says Castafieda. viceroy Ae gave him hisadise af pray e,e however, . Sea Galicia. reputation was gone and soon afterward he lost the ieee It is not known what thereafter became of him. eer doza was filled with disappointment over the outcome 0 icmrenty ie Very agit Pre brant gt eer ee ‘Contafieds de Nacera, the historian of a was a private soldier in the army of Coronado. He was evidently a man of very considerable 6 aoalt tat Me ‘a most caked Ak of the narra- their and Cibola 1 © x g conquerors are far tosupariot style relative account and writing,of asthe hissixteenth tives century the nine Tn from the explorations. Upon the return of the Spaniards to New ©p |