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Show 192 LEADING FACTS OF NEW MEXICAN HISTORY this province, and thereafter he despatched Don Pedro de Tovar, with a company of cavalry and foot-men, to visit the province ?°8 of Tusayan, of which he had heard from the natives of Cibola. This was the modern Moqui. This province, he was told, contained seven cities like those of Cibola; that the houses were several] stories high, and that the inhabitants were great warriors. Accompanying the 208 The Moqui Pueblo Indians are in Apache county, Arizona; this section is the Tusayan of Coronado, to which he sent Tovar. The nearest railroad station to the Moquis is Holbrook, Arizona. They are known among themselves by the name of Hopi, or Ho-pi-tuh-lei-nyu-muh, meaning a peaceful people. In the Moqui language, the word ‘‘Moki’’ means dead. Their homes, consisting of seven pueblos, or villages, are situated at an elevation of from 700 to 800 feet above the valleys on the almost level tops of three long mesas or tablelands. These three mesas project in a southwesterly direction from the main table-land into the desert south. On the first or eastern mesa, about three miles in length, are the pueblos of Si-kum-na-vi, Tewa, and Walpi; on the second, or middle, about three and one-half miles long, are the pueblos of Mishongnovi, Shimpovi, and Shipaulovi; on the third, or western, is Oraibi, which is the largest, containing about one thousand inhabitants. The erection and final abandonment clans during their migrations and now consisting largely of mounds, remote from them. of their villages by the various successive shiftings have left many some near the present pueblos and Ruins of villages, which the Hopi ruins, others Hopi traditions ascribe to their ancestors, are found as far north as the Rio Colorado, west of Flagstaff, Arizona, south to the valleys of the Verde and the Gila rivers and east to the Rio Grande in New Mexico. Therefore, anguage, the present Hopi population and culture are accretions from widely diuistic stocks. Some of the he ' attained a very highly artisti c development, as exhibited by their pottery, which is probably the finest ware ever manufactured by Indians north of Mexic o. The original clans of Walpi are said to have occupied three sites arrival in the Hopi countr after their » Settling first on the terrac e west of the East Mesa, then higher up and toward the south where the found ation walls of a Spanish mission church ean stil] be traced. : From this : . po} point they moved to the present a Op the summit of the mesa, apparently soon after the Pueblo revolt wr old pueblo of Shon-go-po -vi lay in the foot-hills at : re e Mesa, below the prese the base of the nt pueblo of that name. This town was inhabited > nis age of the Coronado expedition, and near it see a was built a church, the which, up to a few years since, were used as a corra l for sheep The ruins of old Mishong-n o-vi g-novi 1 ; le below the present i iia ern bin, From pueblo. The walls graves near this old puebl pottery o as fine specimens have been taken. There are many other ruins located on the Antelope Mesa; : the or - ody Little Colorado, and near Winslow are ruins known by Indian of the Pueblo of Pecos, now living last of his race 9 a t+ Jemez, one of the |
