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Show all he had learned about the north, was strenuously but vainly opposed by the captain-general, who, on hearing the friar’s marvelous tales, became alarmed lest another should reap the fame and wealth for which he had toiled so earnestly, and resolved to get the start of his rival by sending out a fleet at once.’’ Hernando Cortés, in his Escritos, 303the viceroy, hearing of Ulloa’s departu 5; Col. Doe. Inédit, iv, 213, says that fleet might touch, to prevent the voyage; re, sent men to the ports where the and also on the return to hear what had been accomplished. Thus a messenger sent from Santiago to Cortés was seized and tortured with a view of obta ining information. The viceroy also ordered that no person be allowed to lea ve New Spain without his permission So that no aid could be sent to Ulloa. Bernal Diaz, however, Historia Verdadera, p. 234, says the expedition was se nt by the express order of the Audiencia. In his memorial of 1539, Cortés announces that Ulloa is ready to and asks that no restrictions be placed on his Sending expeditions to sail the countries he has discovered.— Eseritos, 294-5. The state of feeling between v9 different ao by would-be conquerors the papers Sean 300-408. ae etal aie on wai rich im xe the Cortés, legal after the receipt proceedings Guzman, in Alvarado, of Niza’s Spain and 7 the royal council his title to Cibola. obtained iscovery, Meat te in the hope that nation, etc., in De report 1540-1.— Soto, is best Proceso each, by an Each had a license in the vague northern some- to make the finder famous, powerful, and Nizs os My : prize had been found by a fifth party, the viceroy, through ehenss inate a 02a was said to be preparing to follow up the discovery. Someon the Florida a a authorized to conquer and govern 200 leagues Cibolaf was included ; ar in andhis was at the was time a engaged in active explorations. That territory fact known to all the world, so clear eee el iy pe Bs cs nee ilies gS his explorations toward the western portions of his territory. the that a child might comprehend it - yet his obtuse adversaries had assurance to deny that Cibola was in HF lorida. oe ig no of right Cortés, who, in general terms, would admit the northern discoveries at all, had authority to explore and — Sea coasts toward the Gran China; he had spent large a ove 0 ve gar np daa a several armadas, and had another ready; indeed, he 8 - ach et ia It was doubtfu : Cibola or the lands immediately adjoining. 0 tae Ae found anything, but he had probably repeated the rene co ae as Had it not been for Guzman’s opposition, he eo Cortés. “ ad one o oe possession of Cibola and the country far beyond. a ite Sei . aris Soto’s claim was absurd, Florida being a long way ie ha to and would do well was simply governor forof hisNewpart,Galicia, was also licensed to make nor ia Guzman, ee and had done so for many leagues. Both the ee iy Alvarado figured less prominently but he too had a enn mas tion and thought it well to keep his claim alive netane, : we ~~ J 0- 16 gene ene business. + Ore juris ve yd aie (Santa Cruz) and Cibola were notoriously in his wight ‘ ne a Cortés never had any oe in fact his actual settlements. aloe : a hile yp license being for the west, or toward India; but if he we ae had forfeited it by not retaining possession of the islan eae m He could not have made the voyage any way discovered. — aid; nor could Niza have gone so far north but for Comma’ ate on one point, that Mendoza had no right to continue George Parker, Coronado Expedition, 180 Winship, eS os" g ee ae ee de Indias, vol.sailed iv, pp. 354-363, says: ‘‘Although Mendon ae Ce Se so ole hig from Havana in May, 1539, and, - De Soto had largest ships, began the long march through the nea . - tna eT vt was to end in the Mississippi. Mendoza, with all pi a eae aad an ae spe New regal authority, ordered that no vessel sailing from tog te ee to the ee any port in the New World on its way back ohne — “ti of ship-masters departing notice was duly served on all viceroy. By the middle of November, however, despite a ; ES ee and sufficient evidence regarding this will be given to the court, whenever it is necessary. ’ Bancroft, H. H., in North American States and Texas, vol. i, p. 77, says: ‘Cortés claimed the exclusive right to make explorations in the north. In September, 1538, he wrote to the Council of the Indies that he had nine good vessels ready for a voyage, only lacking pilots. (Col. Doc. Inédit, iv, 193; Cortés, Eseritos, 280-1). Mendoza’s act in despatching Niza, to whom Cortés had confided illie Guatamala; sect deny that he has either seen or discovered; but, instead, in all that the said friar reports that he has seen, he only repeats the account I had given him regarding the informationwhich I obtained from the Indians of the said country of Santa Cruz, because everything which the friar said that he discovered is just the same as what the Indians had told me; and, in enlarging upon this, and, in pretending to report what he neither saw nor learned, the said Friar Marcos does nothing new, because he has done this many other times, and this was his regular habit as is notorious in the provinces of Peru and ieee te published the statement that he came within sight of the said country, which I cess this to nt The said friar communicated the said viceroy, and he says that, with his permission, he went by land in search of the same coast and country as that which I had discovered, and which it was and is my right to conquer. And since his return, the said friar has tS something about matters of navigation. fornia but failed to find the country for which he was seeking. Cortés demanded of the crown that the expeditions being contemplated and sent out by the viceroy should be prevented by royal decree, and asked for authority to continue his own efforts as exait plorer and conqueror. There is no doubt, whatever, upon the question of the activity of the viceroy in guarding his own interests and circumventing, if possible, all efforts on the part of his rivals. He not only took active steps in preventing the organization of expeditions from his own jurisdiction, but, when he received the report from Friar Marcos, he immediately took precautions against the news of the He discovery being made known in other portions of the world. a received recently had who Soto, de Hernando that was fearful license to explore the country between the Rio de las Palmas, in the present state of Texas, and Florida, might conclude taneginent ‘seu I gave him,’’ said Cortés, ‘‘an account of this said country and of its 165 oreaat EO ageae ‘And discovery, because I had determined to send him in my ships to follow up the said northern coast and conquer that country, because he seemed to understand CORONADO 30 to the expedition of Fray Juan de la Asuncion, long before the friar Marcos had returned from his trip to Cibola, in July, 1539, despatched Francisco de Ulloa on an expedition by sea. Ulloa sailed from Acapulco and, in due course, ascended the Gulf of Cali- VASQUEZ Re: FRANCISCO HISTORY OY MEXICAN ain ie eee OF NEW een FACTS — LEADING ™ 164 |