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Show 346 LEADING were murdered FACTS OF NEW MEXICAN by the gentile Zipias,?5* somewhere country, and the year following Fr. Porras was Moquis. HISTORY beyond poisoned THE the Zuni by the In 1640-2 there were serious difficulties between the governor and the friars, the latter being accused of assuming, as jueces eclesidsticos and officials of the Inquisition, extraordinary and absolute powers, and even of having gone so far as to encourage connection with which Governor of this controversy, but at the serious and seems to have been terminated in the Pueblo revolt and special efforts were ordered a revolt, in Rosas lost his life. Little is known city of Mexico it was deemed very the beginning of the troubles that of 1680. The friars were blamed to avoid a costly war, which it beri thought could not be afforded in a province that yielded no return for an annual expenditure of sixty thousand pesos.?*4 About the year 1650 complaints of acts of oppression on the part of the governor were sent to Mexico and to Spain.3*5 The Teguas nation and the Pueblos of Cochiti and Jemez conspired In 1650, with the Apaches as allies, to massacre or drive every Spaniard and priest from the country. The governor, Concha promptly and energetically repressed this conspiracy . its role inception. On Thursday night of Passion week, when fe Christian s would be assembled in their churches, the assassins were to rush Mora que sucedio en el sovier no y de poco tiempo 4 esta parte &@ sus pueblos.’ ’’ se ban reduziendo $58 Bandelier, A. Ria Final Report, part li, p. 381: When the Zuni missions were first established, the : missionari lar tribe living in eastern Arizona who were called Zipias. The Zipias enk must i have dn dwelt west of the Zufiis. 1630 or 1632 Fray Marti In n de Arvide intended to visit them, but was murdered five days after the Zuiis og had killed Fr. Francisco Letrado, ‘their missionary.— known to the Zufiie formerty., a — that the Tzipia Kue were well 354 Ba a) oe 7.7) lat they dwelt south of the Moguis. Revilla gy H. H., History of Arizona and New Mexico Hevilla Gigedo, Carta 167, citi de 1793, Lia gt vd 1640, Including an Indian r riars and the secu I t app erl , : oe ppears that Govern , Spied hig ns atrest awaiti ng his resideneia, by a man vit aaa pate killingwit ei the woman had been put in his way that an excuse movement. B € found. Antonio Vaca is named as a leader in this 355 Bonilla, Apuntes, Ms. 1 N. Mex. Ced. Ms. 6, 8-9. Selsey ned) the diane 10n.” Strict orders to the new a rj oe aon sa © viceroy replied March 20, 1653, , that he had given continued vigilance, Fine'20, tend rece approved by the king, who ordered CONQUEST OF NEW MEXICO 347 upon them in their devotions. Some Indians who had stolen horses were overtaken and confessed the design to murder the Spaniards. The governor, informed of this confession, ferreted out the principal leaders, and imprisoned them along with many others. To quell the turbulent spirit of the Indians, nine of the prisoners were hung and others sold into slavery for a period of ten years. The rebellion was crushed and the Indian spirit appeared to be broken. A Captain Vaca was the discoverer of this plot. A like result followed an uprising of the Piros, who ran away, joining the Apaches and killing five Spaniards *** before they could be overpowered. Several of the Piros were later put to death for sorcery. Estevan Clemente, governor of the Salineros towns, was at the head of the next conspiracy to drive out the Spaniards. Don Estevan was hanged. The Taos Indians drew up on two deer-skins a plan for a general movement, but it was abandoned because the Moquis refused their aid. Don Diego Dionisio de Penalosa Briceno was the governor of New Mexico from 1661 to 1664, having been appointed in 1660. He was a native of Peru, an adventurer bent on achieving fame and fortune with the aid of his unlimited assurance and his attractive personality, by which alone he succeeded in obtaining his appointment from the viceroy. This governor visited Zuni and the Moqui towns, heard of the great kingdom of Teguayo through a Jemez Indian, who had been a captive there, and also of Quivira and Tejas; also the Cerro Azul. He planned expeditions into these localities. He became involved in troubles with the friars, the friar who represented the Inquisition. and particularly with It is more than likely 856 This occurred during the administration of Don Fernando de Villanueva: some Piros of Senect killed the alealde mayor of the jurisdiction of Socorro and four Spaniards in the Magdalena mountains. This massacre was at first attributed to the Apaches, but the participation of some of the Piros being detected, six of them were executed for the crime. Ynterrogatorio de Preguntas, Ms. testimony of Juan Dominguez de Mendoza: ‘“Y en particular en tiempo del Sr. General D. Fernando Villanueva en la Provincia de los Pyros por traidores y echizeros ahorecaron, y quemaron en el pueblo de Sena.’’ Testimony of Diego Lopez Zambrano: ‘‘Y despuez aca se hizo otro castigo con los Pyros, por el mismo delito, gobernando el Sefior General Fernando Villanueva, que se ahorcaron seis Yndios y otros fueron vendidos y depositados, porque 4 mas de sus delitos y conjuraciones, se hallaron en una emboscada com los enemigos los Apaches en la Sierra de la Magdalena, donde mataron cinco Espafioles, y entre ellos al Alealde Mayor, el cual lo mato uno de los seis Yndios Christianos que se ahorcaron llamado en su lengua el Tambulista. ’’ |