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Show THE CONQUEST OF NEW MEXICO 345 In the years of Fr. Benavides’s stay in New Mexico, and prior to his departure for Spain, several missionary tours were made by various frailes into the eastern plains country, beyond the domains of the Jumanos. Prominent in these journeys were the frailes Salas, Estevan de Perea, Lopez, and Diego Ortega; these went as far to the southeast as the Nueces river. In 1634, Captain Alonzo Baca journeyed eastward three hundred leagues to the great river on the other side of which was the province of Quivira. Another expedition to the southeast was made in 1650 under the leadership of Captains Hernan Martin and Diego del Castillo; they went into the country of the Teyas; four years later another expedition was led by Diego de Guadalajara, who had a fight with the Cuitoas. About the middle of the century some trouble occurred at Taos, resulting in the migration eastward to the plains of certain prominent families; they fortified a place called Cuartalejo, and remained there until the governor sent Juan de Archuleta *°° to bring them back. Governor Penalosa also claimed that he made a journey to Quivira, which has since proved to be without foundation in fact. A royal order of 1678 alluded to projects of exploring Teguayo, and to conflicting reports on the geography Quivira and and wealth of these and other distant provinces, calling for an investigation, and it was in reply that Fr. Posadas made his later report, which is the best authority on the outside regions.**+ In the month of February, 1630, the frailes Arvide and Letrado °°? Most authors begin Otermin’s rule in ’80; but Escalante says the great revolt was in the second year of his rule. Dominguez’s testimony is found in Otermin, Extractos, Ms., 1395-6. 850 Bancroft, H. H., «bid, p. 166. 351 Bancroft, H. H., ibid, p. 166, says that this report contains very little on the history of New Mexico proper of which Posadas was custodio in 1660-4, and a missionary from 1650. 852 The year of the death of Fr. Letrado is given by Vetancurt at 1632, Menologio, p. 53. Bandelier thinks this date erroneous, and says it occurred two years before; he says: ‘‘In 1629, the Zufii missions had been established, and Fray Francisco Letrado left at one of the pueblos as priest. The year after, on the 22nd of February, he was killed by the people, who thereupon fled to Thunder Mountain (Toyoalana), remaining at Thunder Mountain until 1635. This is stated in Autos sobre restablecer las Misiones en los pueblos de los Zunis, 1636, Ms. The custodio of New Mexico says: ‘Digo qe por quanto los Yndios del Pefiol de Cquima de la Prouycia de Cufii ge se abian alsado en tiempo del gouro Don Franco de Silua los quales Yndios.’ Also: ‘Y como los Yndios le la prouycia de Zuii ge se alzaron y mataron 4 su ministro en tiempo de Dn Franco Silva, los quales Yndios dejé6 de paz Don Franco de la |