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Show 222 LEADING FACTS OF NEW MEXICAN HISTORY FRANCISCO Arellano return to Tiguex, but that the general, with an escort of thirty cavalry-men and six foot-soldiers, should push on to Quivira. 74° Accordingly the captain-general, willing to incur almost any risk provided he succeeded in his efforts, placed Arellano in comuiiiuisl 240 Coronado to the king, Letter of October 20, 1541: “é best in order to see if there was anything there of ice a e Mae ge ibe aa! 30 horsemen until Pitts tee ee sey 2 give your Majesty a true account of what was to be found in it paar nrhucaplar ae gio me to this province (Tiguex) with oe sabi mand, because 1t would have been impossible to pr Sle .. a ies st on, owing to the talib water aus ‘polite a ulis and cows on which to sustain themselyv And wi only the thirty horsemen whom I took for m ae * ee after I left the force, living all this while hiaty' ie nad Eee aaa cows which we n killed, at the cost of several of ae nda S which mi oa ale me fos = nae ote a Majesty, they are very brave and fierce oe Ei ie iad a a i. water, and cooking the food with cow-dung because oe = oo 0 : ond 1n all these plains, away from the gullies agi rivers ee is t was the Lord’s pleasure that, after having journeyed ivr is tae ai seventy-seven days, I arrived at the province they call + tee ie ae e guides were conducting me, and where they had described ue ek one, a“ many stories; and not only are they not of stone but gad pasted bebe a in them are as barbarous as all those whom I have ‘geen Be ce ia ee a do not have cloaks, nor cotton of which to make pit . ree ns of the cattle they kill, which they tan, because they are Oieteetiv, ai dic a on : very large river. They eat the raw flesh like the aoe oilt se! ' aoe they are enemies of one another, but are all of the LGidiaca id I Ae aes these at Quivira have the advantage in the houses the me are as aniiids Pasthey y 3 corn, province of which the guides who broust oo. In me this peaceably, and although they told me when a ae be ae Bales peter d not succeed In seeing it all in two months, placed themselves under iar tid Pa ra I there are chin!ck ee Ee: ge. I had several Indians eo ee 1ans measured, and te f d height; the women are well proporti hee tee like Moorish women than Indians The Tndi coeapinibigaiae which an Indian chief wore hune ndians here gave me a piece of copper iow Bo ey around his betas L lava dotungwicca. fy neck: : J sent iti to the viceroy i of and some little copper bells Waid A a hak : 0 not know ans who gave it to me which T < y other metal in these parts except this which I sent him and a bit of metal which look where this came from, alth Noctua ae ; obtained it f eT et ee service, because I cannot find any oth er‘rom broughtit came here infrom. my originthose for whom it nor I where of service t . 0 your Majesty. And although have not found no r heard of anythi a@ very small affai I reached it it is ‘s i : é ything, in th I nic webatieg’ :it be th unless province of Quivira is 950 ey e fortieth degree. hie ttl"a from Wee The country itself is bee 1 : : ee he beets Py av= VASQUEZ CORONADO 223 of the army, directing him to return, and, guided by some Teyas Indians, accompanied by an escort of thirty cavalry-men, proceeded in a northerly direction. He also took with him the friar Juan de Padilla, El Turco, and Ysopete, as he had promised to do. He had not been long on the march before his Indian guides deserted him, and for six weeks this intrepid band of cavaliers, living Hayentirely off of the buffalo, pursued their journey northward. called he which river a to came Coronado days ing traveled thirty the ‘‘St. Peter and St. Paul.’’ More than likely this stream was the Arkansas, and the crossing was made somewhere near its Coronado followed southern bend, east of Dodge City, Kansas. the northern bank three days and, Quivira, which The location been a subject of this stream, in a northeasterly direction, for in a journey of three days farther on, reached Coronado states was in 40° of latitude. of the Quivira, sought for by Coronado, has long of much speculation, and many writers have en- besides the land itself ever seen for producing all the products of Spain, for and springs and being very fat and black and being well watered by the rivulets they have in rivers, 1 found prunes like those of Spain (or I found everything I have treated Spain) and nuts and very good sweet grapes and mulberries. I went, wherever found I the natives of this province, and all the others whom commanded, and they as well as was possible, agreeable to what your Majesty had who went in my comhave received no harm in any way from me or from those as to see and I remained twenty-five days in this province of Quivira so pany. anything beyond was there explore the country and also to find out whether guides who had brought which could be of service to your Majesty; because the And what I am this. me had given me an account of other provinces beyond in all that country, and sure of is that there is not any gold nor any other metal villages, and in little but nothing the other things of which they had told me are not have any houses except of many of these they do not plant anything and do that the account they skins and sticks, and they wander around with the cows; so to go there with the me me was false, because they wanted to persuade gave such uninhabited districts, whole force, believing that as the way was through we and our horses would and from the lack of water, they would get us where it by the And the guides confessed this and said they had done die of hunger. At this, after having heard advice and orders of the natives of these provinces. I returned to these the account of what was beyond, which I have given above, here and to give to your provinces to provide for the force T had sent back to, because I wrote your Majesty an account of what this country amounts I have done all that I possibly could Majesty I would do so when I went there. God, our Lord, might be to serve your Majesty and to discover a country where as your loyal servant served and the royal patrimony of your Majesty inereased, the viceroy For since I reached the province of Cibola, to which and vassal. that there were none seeing of New Spain sent me in the name of your Majesty, I have managed to explore of the things there of which Friar Marcos had told, the best place I have this country for 200 leagues and more around Cibola, and settlements here.’’ found is the river of Tiguex where I am now, and the |