OCR Text |
Show ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF FIRS T INHABITANTS 97 oldest village of Pow-ho-ge clans, of which they have definite traditions at San Yldefonso. They hold, in an indefinite way, that prior to the building of this villa ge they occupied scattered ‘‘smal]] house’’ ruins on the adjacent mesa, and they claim that when the mesa life grew unbearable from the lack of water, and removal to the valley became a necessity, a detachment from the Ot-o-wi founded the pueblo of Pe-ra-ge in the valley on the west side of the Rio Grande, about a mile west of their present village site,12 There were three principal centers of popul ation situate upon the Pajarito plateau: the Pu-yé, the Pajar ito, and the Rito de los Frijoles. Beyond doubt there was some THE PAJARITAN CULTURE relationship between the inhabitants of these three communities, but just what degree remains to be established. There were certain common characteristics, but it does not follow that they spoke the same lan- guage.}? 11 Hewett, Dr. Edgar L., Antiquities of the Jemez Plateau, Bul. 32, B. A. E., 18 i Dr. Edgar L. Hewett gave the name to the plateau mountains and the Rio Grande and extending from lying between the Jemez Cafiada de Cochiti. It was largely through his untiringthe Chama valley to the energy that the region was set aside as a national park. In giving it the name of Pajarito plateau the central geographical feature of the area was chose — the n Pajarito canyon— Spanish pajarito, a little bird. The pioneer explorations made in this region were those of Adolph F. Bandelier, but even the scientific work of that noted archeologist in this locality is small when compared with the extensive excavatio ns, scientific study, and investigation given by Dr. Hewett. the Bird people, is applied The Te-wa name, Tch-i-re-ge, the place of to a ‘ cliff city’’ on the northern rim of the Pajarito Canyon. These ruins are still more extensive than those of Pu-yé, and, in all of these, extensive excavation has been done under the direction of Dr. Hewett. His investigations made known a new region and a culture for which a more definite term than **Pueblo,’’ or ‘‘ Ancient Pueblo,’ ” or ‘‘ Ancient Te-wa’’ came imperatively necessary. Dr. Hewett does not give assent to the heretoforbee generally accepted statement that the present Pueblo Indians are the descendants of the ancient cliff-dwellers. He insists that there is a general non-conformity between Te-wa Symbolism and Pajaritan symbolism; that they differ in physical types, the ancient inhabitants of the Pu-yé and other pueblo houses and dwellings of this region having been a homogeneous people of dolicocephalic type, while the Te-wa, and all other Pueblos, are non-homo geneous and predominantly brachycephalic. He has given great thought and study to the traditions of the present inhabitants these old Sites, and of the valley of the Rio Grande, immediately finds that these do not support the hypothesi adjacent to For these reasons, which certainly seem to warrant the conclusio s of identity. n, Dr. Hewett has established a culture which, from the community on which the type is based, e has designated as Pajaritan. +2 Hewett, Dr. Edgar L., The Pajaritan Culture, Papers of the School of American Archeology, number 3: ‘‘ These groups afford exception al facilities |