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Show Ss ; er Lhefirst Booke of thefir't part 154. he 0, Cuap,9.8. 9.9421 ia, to Democratia, the. people }) called1D : of the popular, (or(or Gouernment Statepopular, isa State ird third is.a rt Bee Sigehope orthe turbulent vniuft ruling of the c onfufed multitude, feditioutly {waying the Srate,contrary to their own Lawes & Ordinances. Thefe three kinds of Gouernmentare briefly expreft by Tholo/amus;unins, paucorum, Co multcrumof 2,0f few, of many. - bee iil the beginning and orderof policy fince the fecondi nereafe of Man. kinde, the fame grewinthis fort : Firft ofall,euery Father,or eldeft of theFamily,gaue Lawes to his owneiffues,and to the people from him and themincreafed. Thefe asthey were multiplied into many Howfholds(man by natur¢louing fociety)ioyned their Cot. tages together in one commonField or Village,whichthe Latins call /icws;ofthe Greek ,, Sea TOLTT, = éinoc, ? whichfignifieth a Houfe, or of the word hath diuerstoen waieseh, & paths 5 : (7#a)becaufeit Be SR {fase : leading to it. And as thefirft Houle grewintoa Village,fothe Village into thatwhich is called Pagus,(being afocicty of diuers Villages)fo called ofthe Greeke oily,which fig- nifieth 2 Fountain; becaufe many people(hauing their habitations notfaraftnder)drank ofone Spring or Streameofwater. Tothis word the Emgdi/bHundreds,or(as fomethink) Shires anfwereth not vafitly. Butas men and impiety began to gatherftrength,and as emulation & pride between the Races ofthe one and the otherdaily increafed : fo bothto defend themf{elues from out-rage,andto preferue fuch goodsas they had gathered, they began to ioyne and fet togetherdiners oftheir Villages, inuironing them firft with bankes and ditches, andaf 59 terwards with wals : which being fo compafied were then called Oppida; eitherab oppm nendofe hotibus,Becanfe wals were oppofed against Enemies; oxab opibus,besaufe thither they gathered their riches forfafety and defence : asalfothey were called ¥rbes,ab orbe;becaule whenthey wereto build a City,they made a Circle with a Plough(faith arre) there: ofl Egypr And i isacbeptible dn tbefigheofour Saniour (faith Palythar yeemake Supplicas tionsand Prayersfor Kingsendforall thatiarein authority sandsif forfuch Kings as ‘werd Idolatrous; much more.for Chriftian Kingsand Magiftrates) /\Anddo muchdid Saint Chryfostomein his Homily tothe people prefetre Aowarchicale Gouernment;as he'rathet commended therule of Kings (though Tytamts)thamthat they¢hould bé Wanting: Pras Sat Regem tyrannum babcre,qaan nullum', Better at prannensKiggsthan noKing :to.which alfo Tucitasfubfctibeth 2 Prafarfaivh Tacitacinwhe firk obhis: Hittony)fab maloprincipe effe quaranulloyqcits bervertohaue'a bad Prince than none at-all, tind bethey good Kings (whichis ee prefuppofed)then isthereno liberty more fafe,than:to ferue thera: 10 Neg, ceottmn bertustetionolaest faith Claadianquar Dominoferuire bono:No liberty (ith he)mbre/afe for-vs-thanto befernants tothevertyons:\ And vertainely howfocuer it may' be'difputed; yet is it faferto liuewnderone'Fyrantythan vaderaooo0e)Tytants-r yn der wife man thatis cruel, than vaderthe foolith and barbarous ¢riselty of the multi= tude, Foras uAgefi/ans anwereda Citizen of Sparta that defired an alteration ofthe Gos uernment;That kindeofrule whicha maa woulddifdaineitphis ownehoufe; were very ; W } Of 210 vafittogouerne great Regions by.» Laftlyas many Patherserected many Cottagesfor their:many.children:and as (for the reafon beforeremetmbred )mdny Houfholds ioynedthemfelues together, arid made Villages3many ‘Villages' made. Cities : fo whemthefe! -Citiesand. Citizens toyned to+ 20 gether! and: eftablithed Lawes by-confenr;! affdciating thethfelues vnder one Gouet nout,and Gouernment; they foioyned;were:called a Comionwealchz the famebding fometimes:gouernéd by Kings'sfometimes by Magiftrates fometimes bythe people themieluas; that 'résfignified no other than the very wals and buildings, and Cisitas was takenfor somming together. But all inhabitants withinthefe wals are not properly Citizens, but onely fuchas are called Free-men:who bearing proportionably the charge ofthe City, » may by turnes become Officers and Magiftrates thereof: the reft goe vnderthenameof Subiects,though Citizens by the fame generall name ofSubieétsare alfo knowne. For euery Citizen is alfo a Subiect,but not euery Subiecta Citizen: perhapsalfo fome Citlzen(as the chiefe Magiftrate,if he beto be termed one ofthe Citizens) is no Subieét;but ofthis we needenot {tand to inquire. The word (Mag*irate) is taken 4 MagiStro , from 4 Mafter,and the word (Matter) from the Aduerbe afagés (as alfo Magifferia, Precepts of Art) or el{e from the Greeke word (Megifies:) andfothe Greekes call them Megifranes, whomthe Latines call Magmates,or Magiftratus. j The office and duty ofeuety Magiftrate 4r//lotle hath written in few words. A Magi: Strate or Prince faith nee) is the keeperof right and equity but the fame is beft taught by Saint Paw/, who expreffeth both the caufe efficient, and finall, (thatis) by whom Mag!{trates and Princesare ordained, together with their duties and offices. eA Magifirate# the Minster ofGodfor thy wealth; but ifthow doe ewillfegre: for he beareth the word jer nought. Forhes the Minifler of Goh, to take vengeance on him that doth not euill, tHeeallo teachethin the fame place 5 That eneryfoule ousht to befubied? to the higher powers, becss/? they are by God ordained; and that whofoeuer refisteth thatpower, refifterh God, the gitier and fountaine thereof and fhall not onely be therefore fubieé to the iundgement andcotdemnation of Man,but of God : Forye mreft befabied (faith he) wot becaufe ofwrath oit!)s batalfo for confciencefake. fui Theexamples are notto be numbred.of Gods punithments yponithofethat ! Me . fted Authority, by Godordained and eftablifhed. Neither ought any Subiect therefore toxefiftthe powerof Kings, becaufe they maybe taxed with iniuftice or cruelty: £08 ivpleafeth God fomtimesto punithhis people by atyrannous hand: and the Commia- dement ofobedience is without diftinaion, The Prophctsand Chriff himfelfe fubiette' themfeluesto the powerof Magiftracy. Chriff commanded that all due to C efar{hou jileremas9, begiuen vato him.: and he payed Tribute for himfelfeand Peter. Hicremycommanact Gen0.17.e the Ufreelites(oucn thofe thar were Captiuesvnder Heathen Kings) ro pray for the 27.10. forthe peace of Babylon. So Abraham prayed for Abimelech; and Iecob blefted the : isodoidw isdslisio ay ; ‘ §.11 I. with meafuring and compaffing the ground whichtheywentto inclofe or fortifie, And although /rbs and Cinitas be often confounded,yet the difference was anciently inthis, the Citizens,inhabiting therein : fo called ofCiz#,and that,4b c6 quod multitudocoinit, of Ofthe Hiftonyof the World, Carsy.§.7. Ofthegood Geuerement ofthé firit KUgh Ne this firft Age after the Floud,andafterfuch timeas the people wereincreafed, and the Families became ftrong and difperfed into feuerall parts of the 30 World, was byancient Hiftorians ‘called Golden: Ambition and Couetouf nefiebeitig.as then but greene,andticwly growne vp,the feeds and effe@s wherof were as yet but potentiall,andin the blowth and bud. For whilethe Law of Nature wagSthe rule of mans life, they then fought fornolarger Territory than themfelues could £einpafleand manure:they ereéted no other magnificent buildings;than fufficient to defend them'from cold anditempeft : they-cared for noother delicacy offare, or curiofity of -dyet than to maintainelife : nor for any other apparrell,than to couerthem from the coldtheRaine andthe Sun. And fire if wee vnderftandby that Age (which was called: Golden) the ancient' fim- plicity:ofour Fore-fathers, this name may then truely be caftvponthofe eldgr times': 49 butifit betaken otherwife, then, whetherthe fame may beattributed moreto any one time than to another,(I meaneto one limited time and none elfe) it may bee doubted, For good and Golden Kings make good and Golden Ages: and all times haue brought forch ofbothforts:Aindas the infancy of Empirie,(when Princes plaied their Prizes,& did then only woo mento obedience)might be called the Golden Age:fo may the bé- ginning fall Princes times be truely called Golden. For be it that menaffeét honour; itis then beft purchafed ; or if honour affe& men, it is then that good deferuings haue commonlytheleaft impediments:andif euer Liberality ouerftow her banks & bounds, the famevis then beft warranted both by policy and example. But Ageand Time doe not onclyharden and thrinke the openeft and moft /owiall hearts, but the experience which it bringeth withit, layeth Princes torne eftates before their eyes, and (withall) periwadeththem to compafitonate themfelues. Aind although there beno Kings vnder the Sun: whofe meanes are anfwerable vato othermens defires ; yet fuch as value ‘all things by their ownerefpedts,doc no fooner finde their appetites vnan{wered, but they complaine of ration; and account the times iniurious and yron. Andas this falleth out inthe Reigne ofeuery King,{o doth it in the lifeofeuery man, ifhis dayes' be maz ny : for ouryoungeryearesare our Golden Age ; which being eaten vp by.timeywe praife thofe feafons which our youth accompanied: and (indeed) the grieuous alcerations in ourfelues andthe paines and dileafes which neuer partfrom vs butat the graue, make |
