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Show 1540 Crnar.g7. Theatrum Botanicum, ripe, butalwayes{tandupright, and yeeld much Roffin in the T r1BE16 \dbiegs, TheBitretree Summer, but being wounded yeeld a yellowith cleare Turpintine, .whichis fharper then that of the Larch tree, and fironely for outward medicines: the wood hereof is foft and {mooth, with manyfouldes, and the knots are the hardeft in any Tim= ber, The Place and Time. This tree growethin all the Countries of Germany, Polonia, {meare the dead bodies therewith fundry times, which preferved them perpetually from putrefaction,, tor being ofa caufticke quality,it did feede upon, and con{ume the moifture in the carkafe, and fo kept it from putrefy~ ing, but divers have confounded Lorh the Cedréa and the Cedréum together, and the pitch likewife calling them promifcuoufly, fome while Cedria,or Olenm Cedrinum,which is Cedrelaon exe malis Cedri,faith F liny,and at other times Gedrinm, when as properly Cedviais the Lachrymacruda Cedri, ot refina Cedri, andthe Cedrimmu, the Pix fiquida Cedri, and the pitchit felte is Pix Cedrina, yetboth the Cedréa, and the Cedrinm arc of one operation : Theyin Syria, by Péiny his words in making pitch hereof, and of the Turpintine tree did ufe a kinde of furnace, wherein they piled their ftickes,and madea fire round about the furnace, but putno fire within it, as we in Enrope doe,in making pitch,as fhall thew you hereafter, when | come to {peake of the pine and pitch trees, Bellonivs faith that of any of the Refinous crecs as well as of the Cedar is made Cedria,which both AZatrhiolw and Lug= dunenfs doe worthilyreprehend for fo manifettan errours The Vertues and properties wheteofare fet downe before,and neede not a repetition here againe. 2, {he Oxycedrw or great prickly Cedartree giveth a certaine dry Roflin or Gumme asit is called, fomewhat like unto the Mafticke, but that the graines are long, and of amore yellowifh colour, tut fo dryifit be chewed The timeis declared before. The Names, and in Latine Aéies, and fo called by all Writers without variation, but that C/#fiws and fomeo- thers makeit tobe the e4bies fimina of Theophraftus, as they would make the Pitch tree his mas, yet as I faid Bellonius and D-donaws doe (hewusanother tree to be his mas, which yet is fo like the Pitch tree, thatif itbenotit, we knownot whatto make ti 1541 this liquour commethfirft from icin the burning, which is of that force and efficacy, that inEgipt they did be< ly in Exglandat anytime heretofore is almolt out of queftions betweenethe teeth, thatit will not be wrought inco a pafte like Mafticke : but will te asa poucher in the mouth Banbinws alfo confentethunte them, and yet he calleth the (ure Cuar.g7. alfo of the Oxycedrus the prickely Cedar,as we in Exrope do of the Pine and Teda,that is,cut into ftickes to burne Italy,Greece, Gc, in Scotland alfo, 2s Ihave beene affured, bur not in Irclandor England, that I can heareof, faving where they are planted, and whether there were ever any growingnatural - 5, The Tbeater of ‘Plants. whichis like our Tarre, and taken in the fame manner from it, for they of Syria make Pitch of this Cedar, as r Denmarke and Afwfcovia, andindivers other Countries alfo in Tis called inGrecke:a¢m, Teise16, F ‘Eantibus conis,when.as their figure fheweth them The /talians call ic Abcte,the Spaniards: Abeto . ie et,Sap, and Sapix alfo in {undry provinces 5 f E AS NY) We NY = KS rereof, yet Pliny faith the lower part of the Firre is called Sa- Q pi nus, and the knotty upper part Fufferna, the Germanes as I {aid Thasnenbaum and weifxthannenbaum, the Datch Dennemboom, and wein Eng/ifs Maittree,Dealetree, but molt generally Firre y tree, The Vertues ce —AA, WY Vile q WZ, Mp The bar eand dry Roffin of the Firretree, isin property veYW), rylike unto properties of the Pine tree, but that this is SN \\, GL. Uf, d more fharp: and more clenfing. The cleare Turpintineor liquid WG Ziyy Ro f the Firre,is hot and dry in the fecond degree, and cay SSZZ! et asl (aid not fo fit for any inward as outing fomewhat too hot fharpe and nauGious to many; and efpecially feeing we havé twootheg er “ss inward griefes, itis of excellent ufe inal { alvesand Balfames that are for the head, Sethi J greens wound or old ulcer, clenfing very i y muchthe old filth thy fores, and helping i to heale them after, continually : this I take is called Gum Jwniperi, in the Apothecaries fhoppes, and Vernix allo, and Sandarach likewife, becanfe the tree is fo likeunto Juniper, and Legdunerfis faith that both the gum of Iuniper, and of the Oxycedrus are called Vernix. Hereof ismade a molt ttinking iarre,called by the French builedeCade, when as they make pitch of the wood,as theydo of the pine and pitchtrees. This is moft likely to be the {weet Cedar of the Bermudas. 3. Refine Laricee, The Larchtree Roflins. The Larchrree yeeldeth likewife two forts of Roffin,one breaking out at the chinkes of the barke on the body and elder boughes,whichis cleere and white like unto white dryed Vurpintine, and {inellech reafonable well; which will not be kept in drops, but will runne together into lumpes, untill in time it will grow dry and hard. It yeeldethforthalfo aliquid Roftin, when the tree is bored to the heart as is before faid, yeare after yeare, one or other, but not the fame trees every yeare, one hole above another for cighch or tenne foore above the ground, which when they have fo done on onefide, they doe fo soanother, {till clofing up the hole clofe witha pinne or wedge,this yeeldeth faith Pliny, 1ib.16.c.10. aliquonr of the thickneffe of chinne hony, which never groweth hard, and againe in anorher placehe faith, The Larchtree yeeldeth forth a thinne Roflin of the colour of hony, fmelling (trang,notwithftanding that hehad faid that ic burneth no more them ftone, nor yet maketh any coalese Vitruvius allo bb, 34. c.6, faith the Larch tree yeelderha liquid Roffinot the colour of the hony of e4¢-ens, whichis good for thofe that have a ptificke: but in thatthey fay it was ofthe colour of hony, you mult notunderfland the colour ofour red hony, but fach as that Country of Athens gave, which was nothingfo high coloured as ours, and which do in parc beleeve, led by divers reafonssto thinke, that that liquid Roflen which fow-= ethont of the Firre tree, being fomewhat neare the colour of our hony was the Turpentine nled formerlyin the Apothecaries fhops but as Marehiolws affureth us, the cleave white Turpentine hat is io moft ufe in the Apothecaries fhoppes for inward medecines, and called Venice Turpentine (in imitation of the tue Turpentine which commeth out of the Turpentine tree, as divers Liqueurs are called Ballames, in imitationof the truc Ballame) is taken from the Larchtree, whole properties are declared before. 4. De Refina Pini,Picea. Ot the Rottins,of the Pine tree,anid of the Pitch, The Pine tree yeeldethforth kindeof fatty cr gtimmyRoffin,- that is of a whitith yellow colour, madeup witha great deale of drofle for the molt part, andbuc little cleane Roffin infeverall paresto be fcene in it,which doth quickely become dry, and to be made into pouther; {melling fomewhat {lrong and {weets, and is our ore Cuar. CXVIL De Refirw. Of Roffins. now fhewed youall the trees thar beare gummes or Roffins »I thinke it not amiffe to entréaré morelargely of the Roffins, and Gummejes themfelves apart, bothto fhew you thefeverall ofthem,nd the feverall manners of seomcinethen, Sol whichT could not either well doe 4JG (G} before,or 50 were omitted to {peake f of them ere. and have their names moft i Gees Soule Gummesand offins would be toa much to handle : one Glisers tellicnenuke the Roffins mytaske inthis Chapter, and the Gummesinthe next, and that Roffin is of te ft, I will fpeake ofchem in each Se@ion, but of the dry ones in the firftfor place, and ofrhe moilt ilinous aera di ffolving and melting of it felfe bythe heare of thefire, and apr roburne witha Ref «rift ‘. wea ao ae the dry Roffinis called éntivn Exes. Refina arida, and ie oe 2 ae n > meh as from tke Turpintine orliquid Roffinis Goo oe ae oh hard Roffin or into blacke Roffin, boyled with wawhich is ufually Be ee yt nat Colophonyeis the foote of the Tutpintine, after che oyle is deom it,and oRefin "4 a 4, quidRoffin whichis Turpintine, « Refize B i There commeth out of tt é grear Cedar eaeRainer ee » hardning uponthetree, which be? hat it can hardlybe pulled fromit, - co ae yee te ie ee and both of them called Cedria, but this liquid efpecially, young knots before disharke a aeced young kr gsed, “adlibiti1ngiolioeCe ae thie piace t un gi sata i Trace toreceiveit, andis of as fweete a fent as aeciwi fest one 0 ot fent, for Matrbiolus ont of a very auncient enyGiCoenie aoe mannfcript amendeth the word to be ofa trong fent; or {trong fweete fent as Virgil his verfe doth intimate, Urit odoratam noflurua ix lumina Cedram: which may be underftood of he wood alfo, but there is a certaine liquour called Cedrinm by Pliny, and others, which i! cae ed Ricketh fo faft r dinary or commonFrancumfence that is ufually burnedin houfes and chan bers, coaireand perfume them, called allo Parroffia, and in fhops Refina pixi_in France Garipot : this Roflinrunnethont of the trees of it owne accord; and efpeciallyas AZatsbiolus and Luzdunenfis fay, out ofthe Cermolo or Teda, as being the {weetelt, and falling uponthe ground, is gathered fromthence with what drofle it hath gathered into itin the fpreading, and fo put up with whatloever flicketh to thebarkesof the rreeslikewife, whereby itbecommeth fo foule as we have ir, and therefore had neede to be melted and {trained before it be ufed, and then’ will growhardand fitto be ufed, there is a kinde of dry Roffinalfo gatheredfromthe nuts or apples called Refina Strobilinas which Galen maketh the chiefelt and beft ofall other Roffins,. alchough Dio/corides makethit the lat and worft, It yeeldeth no other liquid Roffta thar f can learne but from it and the forts thereof, before it tarne into T¢ da as ater, but efpecially then, as having moft {tore of pitchy matter init, is made the beft pitch and moft {tore, and is made in Europe, row, lomewhat afrer the manner of making charcoales withus: For having prepared a place where the for the purpofe, paved in the middle,and raifed up alfoa litrle, witha trench round about it, for the pitch torunne into, theypile upthe ftickes and cloven wood, {etting themupright toa fufficient heighth and breadth, this pile or heape they cover with the branchesof the tece, plathed clole together, and very well limed or lomed onthe ourfide,quite all over, thatnochinkebe therein, for if any happen it mult be prefently (topped with lome, that no flame orfume paffe out thereat, for feare oflovfing all, and onely onehole left below, where the fire is to be kindled which alfo mutt be Ropped up after thefire is well kindled, and that the liquour beginneth to runnein= tothe trench, which mutt have feverall gutters fromit to be led fromthenceinto others fic to receive the pitch asitrunneth ont : the Tarre and water with itrunnethfirft out, whichis kept together, and the pitch that commeth out after by ir felfe, and then barrells are filled up with them feverally : the thinner liquour is called Pix liguida in Latine,and zie Sye2.in Greeke, and when itis boyled againe and made harder rie Sney.and man tuuT beset Pix arida velficca, and recotta, bur the Piffa/phaltwmisa bituminous or hard pitch, taken out of the earths and was ufed ta be melted with Tarre to temperit,and makeit ferviceable for fhips. The Vertues whereofbeing nat {pccified before, fhall be (hewed heteatter in the end ofthe Chapter. . 5. Refina Picea. The pitch tree Roffin, The pitch tree likewife thruftethforcha whitith Roffin gathered betweene the barke and the tréeand bisaking ma out |