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Show a R i . __Theatrum Botanicum s Car. 98, 1544 3. Gummi Amygdalaram & Perficorum. Trine 16: a Almond and Peachtree Gnmmes. — ; Boththee trees likewife yeeld Gummes verylikeunto the Plumme and Cherry tree, that it is fomewhar hard to diftinguith them, but chactheyare fomewhat whiter and alittle dryer, Thus having fhewed you all the Gumimes of the Trees that are knowne tous, let me in the next place thewyouthe otherforts ofGums, taken for the moft part fromthe rootes of Herbes and plants, 4. Gum Tragacantha, Gum Tragacanth, _ This Gumme as I have fhewed before in {peaking ofthe plant called Goates chorne is taken from the rootes hereof as they grow, a pit being made round about the roote,which will in the greareft heate of Summer, being deepely wounded, thiuft torthveryflender {mall peeces, crooked or writhed, feldome greater thena tagges point, or ones fingers end, and molt ufuallya greatdeale fmaller; fome very pure white, and others a little yelfowith, and {ome more reddifh, mach of it gat ering droffe, which {ticketh fa(t unto either barke or ftones, or earth, orthe like: thegumme ittelfeis {weetifhintafte, and quickely relenting in water intoagelly, like made {tarch,and glewing things together as firme asftarch or glew, in{mall and thin materials, The properties hereof are declared with the plant. 5+ Opopanax, The Gumme Opopanax. This summe taken from Para, the All heale of Hercu/es isa yellow gumme, very browne onthe ontfide and rellowwithin being broken,the belt is pw-¢ or fincere,that is, not mixed with ftickes or droffe, but cleane gum, in forall drops,yet {ticking faft together, ofa fowrifh fent, and fomewhat fltong, and being diffolyed with eor vinegar, will make it looke yellow, even as the herbe it {elfe, being broken will yeeld a yellow fap or jayce in ourowne Land: fromtherootes chiefly and not from the ftalkesis this gumame taken, inthelike manfhewedyou of the gummetragacanth by digging a hole round aboue the roote,and laying boordes or tyles 1 ; Trisx 16. ded in the fame manneras before {aid of the Panax: the gummefmelleth ftrongeft of any of the Fers. 4 gummes, and isif it be fincere a little ycllowifh, with white peeces amongft it, and divers parts of {tickes alkes brokc n among it, and fometimes the feedes alfo, foclammy and tenacious that one can hardly touch it without cleaving to their fingers,and diffolving onely with wine or vinegar. 7. Sagapenum, The Gum Sagapen. As Syria bringethforth the Ferula, from whence Galbanum is taken, {0 is A4edia the nourfe plot, as Diofcori- des faith, where the fame or another Fer#lagroweth, from whence the gumme Sagapenum or Serapinum is ta- ken inthe fame manner that the former is, and doth not muchdiffer from it,but thatit is not fo clammy, or gum: my, but dryer, and ofa redder colour, and {mellethnot halfe fo {trong or ftinking as it doth: The Vectuesboth ot Galbantm and Sagapenem, are amply (ct forth under the title of Ferala, S, Gumedmmoniacum, The Gam Ammoniacum, This gumme likewife is taken from a Fer#la asitis faid, growingin Cyrene of Africa, fo that you fee the diverficycf the climate,althouzh in one and the fameplant produceth diverfities of gums, differing both informe and operation : this gummeis much whiter then any of the chree laft mentioned, pure and fincere without any fticke or ftalke in it, and with many whiter peeces among it, and not {melling any thing fo much asthe Sagae perwm doth, whichalfobeing diflolved, will be whiter then anyofthe former, The properties ofthis Gumis very like unto thetwolalt of the Feru/ows gums,and thereunto you mayreferreit, 9. Exphorbium., The gumof the burning thorny plant. isgumistaken from the thornyplant Ephorbinm, as we have beene alwayes informed from othérs, and from anykind of Fer#leys plant, as Dio(corides faith, the formé of which plant, as it hath come from beyond the Seaunto us, even aimall plant, we have here before exhibitedunto you, the gum is of a browne yellowifh colour, and fomewhat whiter within, inalmoft as {mall graines and drops as Mafticke,of a moft violent burning hot piercing fent, piercing the ncftrilsifitbe bura little ftirred, but much more and allmoft intolerable to him that fhall beate it, and more to them that hall takeit inwardly, the properties hereof are declared with the de- fcription of the plant. 10, Sarcocolla, Sarcocoll. reddifh and whitith gum.in very {mall peeces and pouthér,little bigger then Poppy feed, fomes ndready 1545 : s 13. Aloes;. Aloefuccotrine, 3 The Herbe Aloe,or Sea Hoifeleeke,I have likewife largely entreated ofin the {aid fecond Claffis before, with the whole mannerof drawing out and preparing the jayce, wherennto I mutt referre you;fo to fave a tautolopie or repetition of the fame things againe,which were too tedious, = 14, Opium. Opinm, Thisalfo with all that can belong thereiinto, I have c: prefied in the Chapter of Poppybefore, and cannot adde unto itany thing, more then is there fet downe with the Vertues and Cautions,in as ample manneras I can. 15. Elaterinm, Elaterium, Aftér [had given you the defcription df the wild Cowcumber,in the fecond Claffisbefore, I declared the ma- king of the E/aterivm oftwo forte,both greene and white, as may be {ufficiently gathered from what is there faid, and thereforeI fhall forbeare tofay any more thereofin this Place;referring you theteunto, wherethe properties are alfo expreffed, Cuar. XIX. Palma. The Date tiee; eX Lthough there be divérs kirides of trees that goe under the name of Palma in Latine; whereof Pinyin s¢ his time mentioned three {coreand one, and fince his time many others not knowne to him, have beene brought tolightyyer thereis bit one kinde of Datetree propetly fo to becalled without variety, howfoever the climate where they gtow, fecmeto make adiverfity, of ereatneffe or goodneffe one from another in the fruite, fichas Tbeophraftw and Pliny reckon, and although againe, for want of a fitter Exglith name, as the former Writers haye thought,they have beenecalled Date trees generally : yet I would if I could avoid that improper name; and rather call them Palmesfor the diftinétion of them: I will therefore in this place give youonely-the defeription ofthe truc Date tree, arid thereto se two other called Palmitos, which o« thers doe account low or wilde Date trees; whenin truth they have Little or no réfemblance thereunto, faving a little in thi¢teawes, and fpeake of fuch other Palmes, as have come to our knowledge,in the next Claffis. ‘ T. Palmavalgaris, The ordinary Date tree. The Date tree ufually groweth very great and tall, yet infome-places nothing fohigh asin others, bare of branches unto the toppe, the barke whereof isnot fo well to be faid fealy or rigged, as knaggy, having hore knagecs, which are rhe ends ofthe middle ribbesof the leaves, {ticking out round about the body, which give an eafie footing like {teps,to climbe or get up into the toppesof the treesto gather the fraite,the leaves that grow at the toppe are very longand large, made as it wereofdivers parts, and foulded together double; the middlerib being thicke and almolt wooddy, bat fpongy within, whichdoealwayesabidegreene, and hang downewards withtheir ends : the flowersarc enclofed in a long skinnyfheath, hanging dewne from the lowerbranches of leaves and fometimes higher, which openingit felfe atthe end into two patts, thew forth anumber of white Saftron-like {mall flowers, hanging by {mall threds in great bunches together; atrer whichcomethe fruite, upon the faid threddy footeltalkes, greene atthe firft, andreddifh when they are ripe; wich a hard firme {mall long and round whitifh fone witha furrowin the middle: fome fortsare {mall,and fome great, {ome of a {oft fabftance forme firmer and harder. {ome whitith,fome yellowifh,or reddifh,or blackith, {ome round like an Apple, others long wich rhe roundnefle, fome having the toppe foft, and fome none at all, fome fo {weere and luthious that they. will not kecpe long, unle ffe theybe preffed into cakesto be kept, others will abide whole for a long time, andfit to be fent alfo into anyfarre Countrys yet all of them having a fmall round hard crowneor cap at the head, which wich rubbing one againft another falleth off: the flones within the fruite, notwithftanding that they are {o follid andfirme asa very ftone,and can hardly be broken with an hammer, yet having a {mall hollow place in tlie middle of them, with fo {mail akernell therein, thatit would not be thought to {pring thereby, yet being put whole into the ground hath fhot forth long narrow hard leaves, and have abiden in a convenienc warme place divers yeares, without any great progrefie, fo little it liketh fo cold a climate, to provokecalting, but of no fent almoft at all, Diofcorides faith it is taken froma ither he defcribeth, nor we have anyfurther knowledge of, itclenfeth and dryeth, it pgrecne wounds, and ftayeth catarthes,defluxions and redneffe in the eyes. Cuar.og, preffed at large in the place beforenamed, i inthe bottometo keepe the gumme cleane, from earth, ftones, or any other thing : git after the roote is cut in three or foure places, asfomedoe, or making xhole ) as others doe, whereunto the gummewill be drawne,and fromthence flow forth: In the Claffis of Vimbelliferous plants are ihe Vertues expretied whereunto I referre you, 6. Galb . The Gum Galbanum, wla or Fennell giant of onefore, is the plant from whence this gumme is taken, and that notin Countryfor that onely which groweth in Syria, as Dio(corid:s faith yeeldeth Galbanum, the rootes being The Theater ofPlants. or {mall peecesas thofe aforefaid; but is made into a whole uniforme lumpe or maffe, ofa darke grayith colour, fomewhatlight and not ponderous,a little {pongy alfo,or with fome holesin it, foOmewhat cleare and not muddy or droffie, of aftrange and flrong talte,almolt procuring calting,and giving a fhew ofmilke upon the moiftening With the tongue, but not burnirig in the mouth or throate, for that is a figne ofadultering: The qualitiés aye ex- 2, Palma humilis five Chameriphes vel Palmites, The wilde o: low Date tree called the Pa/mito trees The Palmito or low or wilde Date tree groweth indivers places of Europe, not tobe above a yard high inthe Ii. Gum Hedere, Gum of Ivy. tis gatheredin the hot Countryes from the {tems and greater branches of theIvy tree is of a véry wne colour, comming to usin {mall drops,cleaving falt together in lumpes, alittle cleare, and of newhataftrong (ent, bat very fharpe and burning : it killeth nitsand lice, and fome doe putit intoa hollow ftocke or body, fhooting out leaves from thence very like unto the formerDate tree, but muchleffer and fhorter: this beareth a round headatthe fide of the leaves, compofed of many foulds of skinnes, which breaking open, thew forth a number of white flowers, ftanding upon {mall thready ftalkes: thishead being cutoff, beforeit openitfelfe fot flowers, is very delicate to eate like a Coleflower or Cabbage, and morepleafant then either ponds of fifh to make them turne uptheir bellies and lye as dead above the waterfor afmall time, that they may be taken, which will returne'to This groweth in a manner wholly like the laft, but the leaves being made.as it were of many hard plairés have th to helpe the ach, being mixed with things convenient for it: fome ufe this gumme wich other things, and fome alone, made up witha little hony and crummes of bread into a pafte, and caft ic into ftanding pooles and their fenfes apaine, 12. Scammoxzium,' Scammony, ; Thavé made a long narration hertof in the fecond Claffis of this Work,whereunto I muft referre ly fhewyou here that the generall vore of the Writers thereof, is thatthe juyce hereof is taken you, and onc= fromthe rootes oftheplant, ordered in the fame manner that is fhewed in gathering the gummes of Panax and Feru/a, oc. but Lam halfe perfwaded it is otherwife, and made in another manner, beeanfe it doth not condenfare into graines or Hartichoke, Chardon, or Tartowflibe, and are ferved torich mens cablesfora fallate of great delight, 3+ Palma Chamearops P linifive Chamariphes fpinofisfol, The Thorny Patmito, manyfharpe and fhort prickes or thornes, onthe backe of them, andthe ftalkes of them likewife, whereby ic differeth fromthe other, whether the heads and fruice be alike, I cannot certainely heare, The Place and J ime, ‘The manured Date tree groweth in all the Eafterne Countries generally, Galen and Plizy,with others commén> ded thofe efpecially above others,that grew in Judea, and inthe valley of Hieriche: Belloniws faith, they defer= ved not commendations , neither. were they ripe about Jer#/alem, above a moneth aftef they had beene gathe~ red in Egypt: they grow alfo in Ita/y where they ate planted but bearé no fruite, aad im Spaine by the Sea fide, , Qqq999 ' bug |