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Show e 274. Theatrum Botanicum. Cu AP.5§ Trise, acertaine auftere tafte alfo. my Bfides the manured and wild Madder, which were both knownié to the ancients; there are at this tina : ee many other forts found out, not knowneto them,as well of the greater aslefferkinde, fome gtowing qe ve noes, mesin Medowesa paftitres, and fomebythefea fide : but becaufe I would not cum= tga Blonekee x one Chapter with too many of them, let me onely y in thiis fhew you the greater forts, and in i the: * 1. Rubia majorfativafive hortenfis. Garden Madder "The Garden Madderfhooteth forth manyvery long,weake,foure fquare reddith ftalkes trayling on the ground a great way,very tough or hairy(whichtherefore P/iny calleth/pino/us prickly) and full'ofjoynts ; at every of thefe joynts.comeforth, diuerfe long and fomewhat narrow leaves, ftanding like a ftarre or the rowell of a {purre, about the ftalkes, rough alfo and hairy : towards the toppes whereof, comeforth many {mall pale yellow, flowers ; afterwhich come {mall round heads, greeneat the firftand reddith afterwards, but blacke when they ars aoe are craters ibe pees theroote is not very great, but exceeding long, running ‘ a mans depth into the ground, red, and very cleare whileit is fr j ing di cones Cn Madder,but that the ftalkes Wild ilaeire. cuit e wild Madder is in al bere thingslike aprere unto the manured, are {maller, not {preading { cS nor yetfo roughorhairy ; the leavesarelefle, the flowers are white, and the roote rome reaet a ailly fored, nor cleare asthe Garden kinde. : 8 . " a 3. RubiaI) {ylveftris longioribsy folijs. * Wild Madder : wi “ léaves; aoe wild a oa a crf rouind joyned ftalkes, two or three withlong foote jae or there aboiits, fomewhat sin i-*tae ee 2 rough, 2 oe other wild fort : the leaves that ftand at the joynts, are fomewhat ger than the other, fevenor eight ata diftance : at the toppes of the flalk veite flowers, madeof foure {mall leaves a peece, which turneinto {mall round ras Tike fe rhe ee ae is fmaller, but red like the former, ee T . 4- Rubia levis Tantrinenfium. Smooth leafed Mad gue cena candie et "round {moothftalkes,two or three foote long, pointedin like manner as thé one a8 quent, cat ftands foure leaves ufuallynot rough at all but fmooth, larger and broader than ¢ Garden Madder ; cowards This firiooth Madder hath diverfe f Sec the toppes of the branches,oe and atmay fomeatewtiortaitdsisat Helgi the Joynts chee jo i the leaves ter come forth diverfe with i ler than the other, and runnenotfarrein the Hata eeee : 5. Rubia levis arbore[cer C: he Madder hatha thicke Thisee hort mlte Thegreat {mooth Candy Madder, : ee, a fingers thickneffe, from whence iffue fundry ftraight {moot = 3c A. Rubia levis Tamrinenfum, Smooth leafed adder, U OD DxWN) -eO) f— Gy CZ VINIF eae Oo S) 6. Rubia Marina, Sea Madder. The Sea Maddet fpreadeth many {quare hard, fomewhatrough {talkes, rotind about the roote, pon the ground and full of joynts, from whence grow many {mall long leaves, fomewhat rough, broadeftat the bottome and pointed at the end, more white in the naturall places, then being tranfplanted, from among which other, but longer; growing leffer towards the toppes, come forth {mall whitifh flowers, ftarre fafhionlike the other. the roote is more red onthe ourfide than within, harder and more wooddythan the ' The Place, thatis profit the for Ewrope, of Countries many in orlargerfields gardens in either manured The firft is onely made thereof, The fecond growethin fieldes and by hedgefides neere Spire and many otherplaces in Germanye, and fo doth thethird likewife, it groweth alfo in many places, in our owne land, asata place called Hodbil/ in WarrhamlikeDorfetfbire, on thatfide is next to the river, in the parifh of Stompaine, 2 miles from Blandford at Chappell, neere.toasa Lobe/ and ata place called Somerpill, wife in the fame fhire, ona mud wallin the fame towne; Chefell and fourth The aboundance. in great to whichis by the landing place, as ye come from Affferry by the fea fide in Provence, Pena fay, groweth by F#rin, on the hils of Piemont, The fift in Candyes and the la{t and neere Afompelier, and in Spaine alfoas Clufius faith. The Time. y They flower toward the end of Sommer, and the feede of fome of them ripeneth quickly after, but the fea Madder, doth feldomegive ripe feede in our Country. The Names, a £4 Iris called Greekezputetdtevoy Oo tpeviechvor, Erathrodanum and Ereuthedanum, Nicander in Theriacecallethie operon Schyrium,in LaineRubeaand Rubia, and both Grecke and Latine from the colour of the roote, and of tinétorum in the dying cloth, or leather into aredcolour. Thefirft is generally called Rubia /ativa, and Rubia fhoppes: The other have their names in their titles, as moft writers doe :call them by: The Arabians doe the French Gae callit Pave andfeve alfa bagin: the Italians Rubbiaand Robbia, the Spaniards Rubia and Granza; rances the Germanes Terberroett the Dutch Crappe Roote oft Mer, and we in Englifo Madder, The Fertues. There is {ome controverfie betweent our moderne and the ancient writers concerning the vertues of Madder, whetheric open or bind the body the ancient writers Die/corides and Galen affirming, that the roote hereof doth openandclenfe the body, of much tough and gioffe flegme, that it provoketh urine plentifully; and hath fo ftrong and powerfull an openingquality, thacit bringeth downe womens courfes, driveth forththe dead chiide and and afterbirth: but others, and Dedonews among thereft, denyethit to have any fach {trong opening quality, {aith that both Dio/corides and Galen were much miftaken therein; becatfe that Diofcorides faith, it expellech prine evenunto blood, it being bur the tincture of che rootein urine, and no blood that is voyded atall, faying that it hath onely a bindingor aftringent quality, infomuchthat it helpeth ruptures, ftayeth the fuxe of womens courfes, the luxe ofthe hemorrhoides orpiles;the laske, and the abortment, or u ntimely delivery of women3 whofe very words and fayings, Gerard tranflateth and fetteth downein his booke, as if he had made the expe-, rience, and this contelting with‘Diofcorides and Galen, had beene out of his owne judgement and tryall: but we mutt needes fay according to the truth, that it hath an opening quality, and an aftringent property alfg : the ope. ning quality is well perceived, by colouring the urine red,even as Rubarb will dye it yellow; the poperty inthem (ko yeeo (os ‘\ Z FAP Lay aN Vie VL JES QI NIE on Dro Chaka bitter with and fomewhat reddifh: there is no roughneffe in any part of this plant: but the roote is fomewhat Rubia major, Madderi gh, The Theater of Plants. branches with {mall fhore leaves, fet at diftanceslike the formerforts,at the toppes of the branches come forth long two or three flender{prigges, bearing whitifh flowers not unlike tothe ordinary Madder: the roote is Cuap, LY: pets Tripe2. NW both being a like, to open and thento binde and ftrengthen: itis an affured remedye for the yellow Jaundife, by y openingthe obftruétions of the Liver and gall, and clenfing thofeparts; it openethlikewife the obftructions of the fpleene, and diminifheth the melancholike humour; it isavaileable alfo for thofe that have the palfie, and ve ON feele che paines of the hippes, called Sciatica : it is ufually given with goodeffect, to thole that have had bruifes, oT RNce by falls‘or blowes, and inwardly felt as much as outwardly: and therefore it is muchufed in vulnerafie drinkes z LIS the roote for all thefe purpofes aforefayd, it to be boyled in wine or in water,asthe canfe doth require, and fome honeyor fuigar pat thereto afterwards : the feede hereof taken with vinegar and honey, helpeth the fwellings and hardnefle ofthe {pleene: the decoftionof the leaves andbranches, isa gocd fomentation for womento fit with over, that have not their courfes: the leaves and rootes, beaten and applyedto anypart that is difcoloured, freckles, morphew, the white fcurfe, or any other fiich deformitie ofthe skinne, clenfeth themthroughly, and taketh them away. Se ees ae ———-————— Cuarp. LVI, iee = oy Sse ys ? Rubia minor, Smallor little Madder. = He {maller madders ate manythat have beenelately foundout, by the diligence of paine{ull Herba- 2\rifts or lovers of herbes, fomein one Country, fome in another; all w hich I meane to comprehend inthis Chapter, that fo you mayhave them all recorded together; but althoughthere be diverfe o-, of ey, ther herbesas A/perula, Aparine, Gallinm,Mollugo, and Cruciata, that maybe reckoned as kindsdoe of other Herballs, that ™ Madder, and might and fhould be joyned together,ifI follow the courfelet me referre themto ano- or fhould joyne the congeners: yet becanfe I have tyed my felfe to another courfe, ther fit place, but not expell them fromyour fight an knowledge. 1. Rubia fpicata Cretica latiore folio, Candy Madder, with a {piked head and larger leaves. This {mall Madder fhooteth forth diverfe fquare rough flender ftalkes, full cf joynrs,from whence grow many. branches and fomewhat rough: the top branches, end branches, and whereal{oftand.4 or 5 {mall leaves compaffing them, mor in {mall long {piked heads foure {quare, compofed of many fhort roughhuskes, fer clofe together one above ther; |