OCR Text |
Show “ig Cuan gn Theatrum Botanicum. Triney, Tris t Lhe Theater ofPlantes. 1; Nardus Gangitis fpuria Narbonen/e, ° The Time, Baftard French Spiknard, Was a commiodity fo neare at hand, but broughtfurther of; as I fhall heres after further declare) this baftard kinde hath beene obferved to grow an{werable ina manner to all the parts thereof, For it hatha few {mall hard fibres, which thruft them {elves into the ground: fromwhich {pring forth divers hairyround {piky heads or beards, of thebigneffe ofones finger, and of an hand breadthhigh, ofa pale browne colour, which are notpointed at the toppesbutflat or blunt, through eachof thefe heads , even from the loweft part next the roote , fhoote forth divers long rough greene ruthes, fearce 4 foote high, many ofthefe growing clofe one unto another, fothat they make the forme or fhewas it were, but of one plant ; and after this manner hath hee fet forth the figure thereof: but hee further addeth afterwards, (which Lagdunenfis precermitteth, althoughhe fetteth downeall the former part) thatit is altogether without {mell, except thofe hairy fpiked heads of beards, which being bigger than the Indian kinde, doth {mell fomewhatlike unto that Moffe that groweth upon Oakes,or that other that groweth upon the gtound , and that thefe heads being halfe way within the ground, doe fend forth cach of them in the middle ofthofe rigid rufhes, a tall flender and {mooth ftalke, rifing about a cubite higher thanthe rufhes: from the middle whereof up to the toppes ofthem oneach fide, come forth many {mall greene codspointed at the ends {tanding in cuppeslike unto Cranesbill. The whole forme hereof doth fo neare refemble the thofeof true Spike nard, as it hath beene obferved by Pena and others, who ashe {aith * anumher ofbundles, found fomethat had the parts both offibres among heads, rafhes, and leaves diftinély, to be feene as this is here defcribed ; that itis not to be doubted thatit is a /pecies thereof. 2. Nardus five Spica Celtica, Mountaine French Spiknard. This Mountaine Spiknard creepeth upon the ground underthe loofe leaves.and mofle,&c, with {mall long and hard flender rootes (forfo I call them rather than ftalkes, as fomeothers doe, becanfe in thefe rootes confi fteth the whole vertue and efficacy of the plant, and are bythe beft ApotheY caties ufed onely in Mithridatum, &c. and no part elfe) LAO iN thort {mall dry leaves like {cales: fending forth in diverscovered with many (ZAG y, } peth and fpreadeth, here and there {mall blackith fibres places as it cree into the ground, WAV wherebyit is nourifhed : at the head whereof ftand oe or heads, from whence {pring many {mall narrow, fundry {mall buttons and fomewhat thicke greene leaves, not divided or dented atall, {malleft at the bottome, yellow in thcend ofSummer, or beginning ofAutumne: amongthefeand broad toward the end; which changé leavesrife up fometimes more, and fomes time but one flender ftalke, without any leaves thereon, at the toppe like unto the {maller forts ofValerian, every one ona flender foote whereof{tand many {mall whitith fowers, ftalke « which afterwards bring {mall feed like unto them alfo + the whole plantis {weet and aromaticall, more than the Indian Spiknard, hotter al fo, and harperin tafte, than eitherofthe other. : 3. Nardus Celtica altera. Mountaine French Spiknard with tufted fowers? This other French Spiknard differeth in nothing from thelaft but inthe falke with flowers, which is branched at the toppe, bearing three or foure fowersina tuft together, on the end ofevery {mall branch. Baubinus inhis Prodromus fetteth forth another fort hereoflike thereto in moft things,but that itis wholly withoutfcent. Salinnca Neapolitana five Nardus ex Apulia, Ttalian Spiknard. This{mall plant hatha thicker and yellow roote than fomewhat refembling the garden Valerian, but leffe, the latt recited,fomewhat rugged, but not {ealy likeit, and havingfibres at the bottome, andin divers other places verall {paces, whereit fhooteth forth alfo upwards ar fedivers heads or {mall knobs, and from them many {mall long Teaves, fomewhat larger than the other, narrower lik er upwards and pointedat the ends;what flowers,italkes, or feed it bearethisnotexpreffed it nt of garden Valerian, and likewife the tharpetalte thereof; and this is all al isdeclared di of it : but that they aples of Ni ufe it in their medicines, in ftead ofthe Malabathrum of Diofcorides, for the excell ent {weetneffe ofthe leaves. ‘ ; ; §. Hirculus veterum Clusy. Vnfav ory Spkin ard, _ This {mall plant (being found dry amongft many bundles of Spica €eltica, or French S Antwerpe) is fet forth to havea blackifh hairy piknard, by Clufius iti roote, likeuunto ir, but without any fmellatall, andd whiter: leaves, and {maller,fhorter, : rather y grayith, ayif of an afh-colour: it was found witho Pliny fay it was foundin their timeand ut any ftalke, and fo Dioftorides and : but theirs (as they fay) hada ftrong fcent, but not {weet, and growing with it was uttered among the true ; and by the the name spayov or Hirculys, ofthe fmell finell as well as colour and talte was to be knownefrom it : for it tooke thereof like unto that ofa goat, : Fhe kindoPiraoct 6. Moen on Knobbed mountaine Spiknard, ye ae ee OF Valerian or Spiknard, it which you will, hath his firft leaves lying on divifion in thematall, being fmooth call the i n and of a {pring npupwards, when it runneth up to Bikerete colour, which fo abide al the Wuereee one flower, are cutino n the edges, verylike unto the jagged leaves great garden Valerian, and fo the elder of the they grow, the more cut and jagged they are : the very like the ftalke with flowers ofthe flalke and flowers are garden Valerian, but ofa darke or deep red colour, and more {tore ofthe thruit together ; the feed al{Q is not unlikei m t s the roote is tuberous ot knobbed, both above and below, and round about C war.4o, uy ; They doe flower in Tune, Iuly, and Augaft, fomewhat before which time,the trioft uftall manner isto eatherthe 5 ry it itto keepe, Water Germander, and dry p enn de ‘ Water Germanderis called in Greeke 2 x4p5i9y, andin Latine Scordinm, from cuécodov which is Allium Garlicke; becaufe of the {mells the likenefle ofthe Grecke name, did much deceive the former ages before us; for as A4at- zhiolus writeth, it begun to be knowne but a while beforehis time, and that all miert both Phyfitians and Atpothecaries ufed the wild Garlick called Ophio/coridon in ftead of the true Scordivm intheir medicines, the ocedfion whereof (befides their owne ignorance and negligence in not diltinguifhing of the words) was 4 vicen, as it is moft likely or his Tranflator that appointed Scordinm in one compofition of Treakle,and wild or crowGarlicke in another 4 and the Phyfitians of the tormer ages,thinking that Avices had interpreted himfelfe, expounding one place by another; continuedthe error by tradition without further fearch,untill learning & all other iciences began to be more fought into, and refined asit were from the groffe puddle of ignorance and barbarifme, which brought the. knowledge of this to light; as it did of many other things ; fo that now our curiofity doth not reft in medys c utilibus, but trane {cendethad imas & minimas etiamfp inntiles; Itis calledalfo Trixago paluftris,W ater or Marth Germander, both for the likeneffe thereof unto Germander called 7vixago,and for the growing thereofin marfhes, &c, Some alfo call it Svccoyor fromthe ftrong {cent fo unpleafantto the fences.’ P/iny faith that Cratevas did aferibe one of the forts hereof unto Mithridates, and called it Mithridation ; and it may be from hence as wellas from Garlicke, was cal led poore mens Treakle, and by our Country people Englifh Treakle, The firft is called Scordium, or Trixago paéuféris ofall Writers, and although Tabermontanus and Gerard that fo!loweth him,doth make twoforts thereof, as majus and minus, a greater and aleffler, yet I never could obferve any other difference then in the place which produced them,being one moreorleffe fruitfull or barrenthan the other, The fecondis called by Lobed and Cameras wins Scordium alterum, and Scorditm majus Pliny by Gefner; whocalleth it alfo Salvia montanas and Amsbrofia qi bufdam ;Tragus, Lonicerus, and Tabermontanus, call it Salvia Sylvefiru,and Salvia Bofci; and Bofet Salvia, and Lugdunenfis Salvia agreftis,as Dodoneus alfo doth, who taketh it likewife to bee Sphacelus Theophrafti, as Thave formerly fhewed. Cordus, Thalius, and Gerardcall it Scordonia, and Scorodonia,althoughhis figure thereunto isnot right. (¢/alpinuscalleth it ALelinum alterum,.Atiusand Bauhinus Scordinm alterum Salvia [ylocfires, The third is called Scordotis legitimum Pliny, both of Bellus and Poaain his defcription ofMons Baldus, and it is very probable that Camerarius doth meanethis fort, which he calleth Scordinm Creticum lanuginofum ; for as1 {aid before; Bellus faith, the people of Candy makeno difference betweene them,butin gathering put them together, It is pro- bable alfo, that <ngwillara called this Scordium alterum, whichheefaith wasfound about the banke ofthe River Pifcara, with leaves as large as Baulme : andthat {uch is found in Candy alfo, in Greece and otherplaces, nothing differing eitherin {cent or quality from thefirft. The fourthis called by Povain his Italian Baldus Scordotis fecune dim Plinip, Thelaft is called by moft Authors Aliiaria, yet Ge/ner in hortis calleth it Alliaftrum, and Ericins Cordus Rima marina, but Anguillara Rima maria, Dalechampius upon Plinytaketh it to be his e-4/eétorolaphus, and fo doth Lobelalfo,fome alfotake it to be Thlafpidinm Crateve, and Tragws calleth it Thlappdinm corautum, The lalt Colum va calleth it Elephas Campoclarenfium, and Baubinus Scordio affinis, Flephas. TheItalians call Scordivm (:sis arino palnftre, the Spaniatds Camedreos de arroyes, the French Scordion and Chamaraz, the Germanes Wafer Ret “¥ gel, and Lachen Knoblauch, the Dutch Water Gamandree,and we in Englifh Water or Marfh Germander. T dtalians call Sawce alone, or Iacke by the hedge Adliaria, the French Adiaire, and Herbeaux au, the Gers manes Knoblanchs kraur, and Saltkraut, the Dutch Lookfonder look, The Vertues. ‘ te Diofcorides and Galen doe both agree that water Germanderis of an heating and drying, or binding quality, roa? ter alfo,anda little fowre and fharpe, wherebyit is efe@tuall to provoke urine, and womens monethly 7 lesz the decoction thereof in winebeingeither greene ordry, is good againit the bytings ofall venemous om a rg Serpents, andall other deadly poifons ; andalfo againft the gnawing paines of the Stomake, and paines of t 7 e that comecither ofcold or obftrudtions, andfor the bloodyfixe alfo : made into an Eleftuary with oe = and Honey,it is availeable againft an old cough, and to helpe to expectorate rotten flegme one ofthe ies an lungs: as alfo to helpe thofe that are burften, and troubled with crampes, Galenin 46.1. Antidot. (which A4at= thiolus and others alfo fet downe) recordeth that it was found written by fundry faithfull and difcreet men, that in the warre ofthe bondmen, wherethe bodies ofthe (laine had lien upon Scordinmany long time, before they were buried, they were foundtobe leffe putrified than others,that had not fallen thereupon, efpecially thofe pares a werenext the hearbe ; which obfervation bred a perfwafion ofthe vertue thereof to bee effe@tuall, as well again the poifor ofvenemouscreatures,as the venomeofpoifonfull hearbes or medicines. It isa fpeciall ingredient both in Mithridate and Treakle, as a counterpoifon againft all poifons,and infections either of the plague orpeftilentiall or other Epidemicalldifeafes, as the fmall pockes, meafels,faint {pots,or purples: and the Eleétuary madethereof; named Dsa/cordium,is effeCtuallforall the faid purpofes : and befidesis often given;and with good fuccefle before the fits ofagues, to divert or hinder the acceffe, andtherebyto drive them away. Ivis often taken alfo as a Cordiall tocomfort and ftrengthen the heart. It isa molt certaine and knowne commonremedy to kill the wormes, cither in the ftomacke’or belly, to take alittle ofthe juyce thereof, or thepowderindrinke fafting. The decoétion of the dryed hearbe with twoor three rootes of Tormentill fliced, and given to thofe that.are troubled with the bloody flixe,is.a {afe and {ure remedy for them. The juyce of the hearbealone taken, ora Syrupe made thereofjs profita= ble for manyofthe forenamed gtiefes,. The dryed hearbe being. ufed with a little honey cleanféth. foule ulcers, and bringeth them to cicatrizing, as alfo clofeth frefh wounds: the dryed hearbe made into a cerate ot pultis, and applyed to excrefcencesinthe flefh, as Wens and fich like, helpeth bothto conftraine the matter from further nets ding of them, as alfo todifenite and difperfe them being growne, Itbeing ufed alfo with vineger or watér,an applyed to the gowt, eafeth the paines thereof, The greene hearbe bruifed andlaid or bound to any wound, hea= leth it, be it neverfo gteat... Wood Sage is hot and dryin the fecond: degree, the decoétion thereofis good to Ais given tothofe whofeurine is {tayed, forit provoketh itand womens courfes alfo. Itis thonght tobe good againtt the French poxe, becanfe the decogtion thereof drunke doth provoke fweat, digefteth humours, and diloler L 3 fwellings |