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Show 214 Cuap. 256 Trip 2. Theatrum Botanicum. 3-Cayodonens ashefaith, but the fecond, and this that I here defcribe unto you, is Doae neth ; but it cape Breeotierecocbead growing to be the veffell, whereinthe blacke feede is con~ Si hfor hinto foure five, ot fixe hornes; fafhioned like the other baftard kind; but {maller, as the eet Linrant. part, the roote is but {ingle with nothing fo many eee Bie with is and often- SYETV pz “AGS . 7 part the whole plant, and every places de, yet notaalwayes, nor inall oi i eetneta nncin| ee the hel ao of ae the tet, ctamtnet endfant ee 3 a ‘inde withall. e doe nfe torowell their cattell i i he leaves, and in the flower, that the "saSNeeae in the darker greene colouroft fadarke purple colour. i edges of the three ae eH plate Fennell leafed baftard blacke Hellebor, ‘ 2 ; This kind of baftard Hellebor fhootethforth many greene ftaikes, fometimes ying ne to t . are : or elfe {tanding fomewhat upright, befet very thicke with {mall leaves, finer and adt se sade them ending ina tuft offuch like fine greene leaves, and fome having ve Ht : 7 pe e ae era peece,fomewhat reddifh or brownifhon the outtide, while theyare in budan Z whi - ter, . i" h icing open jeC ; confift of 12, or 14 longandnarrowleaves, ofa faire fhining yellowcolour, fet in or : pea sa a ae head with yellow thrummesin the middle,laying themfelves open in the ea or a a: day, but S ae maining clofe : after the flower is'paft, the head growing greater fhewethit felfe compact o a re weed tith {eede, verylikeunto the head of Adonis flower, but much greater : the oe are pany Sha — firings fet togetherat the head, very like unto thofe of theleffet blacke Helle Dor or a3 cote; ut har! pe = or more brittle, and feeming to be without any moifture in them, but abide and increafe-every yeare, although ae i the ftalkes with greene leaves doe utterly perifh every yeare. 6. Helleborus niger Santcule folio major, The greater purgiagSanicle like Hellebor. } This Hellebor hath divers broad darke greene leaves, cachof them {tanding upona long footeftalke, which are cut in onthe edgesintofive divifionsfor the moft part, & dented about befides, fomewhat refembling the leaves of the commonSanicle, but more truely the leaves of thefield Ranunculxs or Crow foote, or Gerauium Batrachoides, Crowfoot, Cranesbill : from among whichrife up divers lender fmooth greene ftalkes,having fome leaves upon them,andatthe tops of them, twoor three or more flowers together,each of them confilting of many fmall hard whitithleaves, as a pale or border, compaffing manythreads in the middle ; whichbeing fallen, there rife up manyflat whitifh and long feede, fomewhatlike unto {eete Fennell fweede, butnotaltogether fo bigge, norfo yellow ; Gerard following Dodonens defcription, and not his owne knowledge; faith the feeds are like unto Carthamus, and his Corrector mendethnot the fault: the rootes are {mall blacke fringes, {hooting froma toppe 3 2 head, like unto the roote of the Bearefootes, 7+ Helleborus niger Saniculefolio minor, Small purging Sanicle like Hellebor, This {mall Helleboror Sanicle, (which youpleafe tocall it) hath divers {mall and fomewhat round leaves,everie one upon a long footeltalke, being not muchbroader thanthe nayle of a mans thumbe, yet divided even to the middle ribbe into fevenparts, every one of them being fhort, narrow, and dented about the edges: the ftalkes are many and fmall, not abovean hand breadth high, with one or twoleaves on them, more cut in and divided than the lowerare ; at the toppes of them ftand divers fmall flowersverythicke, fet togetherintufts or umbles, like unto the laft, but fmaller, after which come {mall flat feede, fomewhatlike the other, but leffer by much,asit is alfo inall the other parts thereof. 8. Epipattis Matthioli, Afatthiolus hisbaftard blacke Hellebor. This finall herbe rifeth up withfundry flender weake fmooth ftalkes, bearing each of thema broad greene leafe, divided for the moft part into five divifions or parts, fomewhat like thofe of the fixt, yet fometimes but into three, efpeciallythe firlt or lowermoft,and dented alfo about the edges : the flowers grow from among the leaves uponthelike flender ftalkes, being flarrelike, and compofed cf fixe pale coloured leayes,with many {hort threades in the middle; the roote isatuft of blackith fibres like the former blacke Hellebors, iffuing froma thicke a head, The Place. TRIBE.2. Lhe ¥beater of Plants. Cuar.25. be fome errourin the text as many thinke, Dio/corides defcribeth his blacke Ellebor, to have leaveslike Platanns, the Plane tree, but lefle, neere unto thofe of Spondilium or cow Parfnippe, but more rough and blacker, cut into many divifions; the flalke is rough, the flowers, faith he, are whitith, inclining to purple standing ina clufter = the feede islike Cincus or baftard Saffron, whichis called Sefamoidesinuticyra, wherewith they make pur- gations : the rootes are {mall blacke ftrings, comming from a certaine head like an Onion, whichare inufe; thus farre Dio/coridestunto this defcription our true black Hellebor doth nor agree in all things :for the leaves of ours; do very forrily refemble thofe of the Plane tree (whichisa whole broad leafe cut otherwife in the edges into parts ot divifionsor ofthe Spondii# cow Parfnip,(which isa broad whole leafeconfifting ofmany much broader divifions in it)neither are the leaves rough,(bus vented or toothedat the ends) northe ftalke rough, but{riooth, nor do the flowers {tandin clufters but one by one each upon their ownftalk,or two at the moft on a {talk:where_ upon Dodonans would makour fixt fort here expreffed,which is fomewhatlike the Sanicle or Selfe heale,to be the Veratrum nigrum, or Elleborus niger Diofcoridis, becaufeit hath feeds in tuftes, which Gener, Pena, and Lobell, call Afrantia nigra of Diofcorides, and Fuchfins Saniculafamina : but Dodoneus himfelfe is much puzled, to make itagree thereunto,findingit to differ in many things, fometimes in making the feed tobelike Cnicus; whereunto ithath butlittle refemblance, as I fhewed youin the defcription, and {ometimes blaming the text,(wherei¢ is faid to be called Se/amoides in Aaticyra, )to be corrupt,and that Diofcorides borrowedit from 77heophraftus; who faith that in Avticyra, they did give Elleborus Sefamacens the Se/amoides like Elleborus, that isto fay whofe fruit islike unto Se/amune;to purge withall : And it is moft probable, that the feede ofthe blacke Hellebors; both the trueand the baftard kindes, may fomewhat agree thereunto, and notvery unfitly be compared tnto the fruit or feedofSe/areum,& the feed of Caicusbut whetherthe feed of thofe black Hellebors,have moreforce in purging than the rootes have, Iam not certaine,that any hath madea true experiment,for moft of our moderne writers do agree,that both our white and black Helleborsare the true forts,fet forth by Diofcorides, (& notwithftanding the variation,asit is before fet downe) 7 heophraftusalfo. The firlt is called Helleborus niger by all that have written of it, fome adding thereunto Flore magno purpureo, asGefner, or Flore rofeoas Bauhinus, or legitimus or verus, as others doe, Dodoneus onely in his French Herball calleth it P/anta leonts and Anguillara Elleboriss niger annuus, but why J know noreafon : the fecondis called Helleborafter e- Helleborus niger vulgaris by Gefner, by Cordus nofiras, by Fuchfins adulterinus hortenfis, and (onfiligo by Lugdinenfis and Turner : the third is remembred by Aldinws in his borto Faraefiano: the fourth is called by Dodoneus in his French Herball Lycottonumprimum whom Lobei {eemethin his Adverfariato follow,faying it commeth neere tothe Aconites 3 Generin hortes took it to be Pulmouaria Vegetii, Corduscalleth it Sefamoiaes magnum,and Tragus Pedicularia fetida tertia, Dodoneus and CluSins Veratrum nigrum tertiumand Cafalpinus Eneaphyllon Plini: but generallyit is called either Hedleboraftrum magnumas Tabermontanus, or Helleborafter maximus, or Helleborus niger fylveftris adulterinus.or elfe Confiligo Ruellii,as Lobel, Lonicerus, Lugdunenfis and others ; yetall the Hellebors both black and white are alfo taken by one or other tobe Confiliges, for inregard there is no defciption of Con/ligoextant in any author, but the vertues and properties onely whereunto it is applyed, divers have written thereof diverlly. Tragus, Lonicerus, Gefnerus and others, both Phyfitians and Apothecaries almoft throughall Germany,andthe parts adjoyning in for= met times,tooke this fift fort, called Buphthalmum majus, by Angnillara,Clufins, and others ; and Helleborss nia £erferulacens by Lobel,but P/endo Helleborum by Matthiolus tobethe true Helleborus niger ofDiofcorides, or at Jeafta kind thereof; and which Clafiusfaith wasfo ufed of all in Vienna and thofe parts before he camethither, and fhewed them their error and the right kind, which they everafter ufed : Dedonens alfo calleth it Buphthalmum, joyning it next to Eranthemum or Flos Adonis; whereuntoitis very like in leaves and feede, but notin rootes ; others would makeit Se/amoides minus ofDiofcorides, whereuntoit hath no correfpondency : the fixt is called by Fuchfius Sanicula femina, and {o doth Gefner, who alfo calleth it Affrantia nigra, as Lobel doth, following asit fhould feeme Tragus,whocalleth it O/feritinm montanum :Tabermontanus calleth it Imperatoria ni £74, Dodonausas | fayd before, taketh it to be EV/eborns niger, ot Veratrum nigrum of Diofcorides,and Bauhinus in his Pinax calleth it Elleborus niger, Sanicule folio major, and I from him do fo likewife,as thinking ita name as proper, ifnot more then any other is givenit: the feventh Bauhinus onely hath defcribed in his Prodromus by the Thefirt groweth in Germany, France, and ftaly,and Greece in fundryplaces : the fecond I have feene in fome woods in Northamptonshire, and in other places ofthis Land ; the third grewat Delft with Corvinus, and then at Rome, as Aldinus faith in his Farnefian garden : the fourth groweth,as Tragns faith in the borders of {tony fields and grounds, and onrockie hills bythe AZofella and the Rhine,as alfo in Harcynia Sylva and as Fera faith in A quitaine,as alfo bythe river Lanusat Mompelier:the fifth groweth neere Vienna in Anftria, and both the Huzgaries as Clufizsfaith : the fixth groweth naturallyon thehills of Germany, and otheruntilled and crz g the feventh groweth on A4onsfruétus neare the Alpes, asalfo on the 7 ‘yranean hills : the laft as Pena {ait lowgrounds or valleyes ofthe forreft or wood of Effexs, not farre trom Tupiters hill, fame title that I have given it : the la{tis the Epipattis of Matthiolus,which Lobel and Pena call El/eborine Alpina The firft doth flower in December and Tanuary,if the weather b e anything temperate: the {econd, third, and fourth in February or March, andtheir feede is Tipein May ; the fi fth in Aprill The true blacke Hellebore is nfed for moft of the griefes and difeafes, whereunto thé white is available,but is The Time, The Names, ; the otherin Mayand June, Teis called in Greeke &2é20¢ss, and fometimes without the afperation Ears hier, fic dittum volunt quod cibum corpords eripiat,in Latine allo Elleborus Ekeborum, and alfo Helleborus, ce Helleborum, &veratrum, quod men= tem vertat : Butthere is much controverfie and contrarietie, bothin the ancient and moderne Writers concerning them for the Helleborus of Theophraftus and Diofcorides doe muchdiffer the one from the other, and divers 0 our moderne Writers, thinke that ours doe differ from them both. Some likewife appropriate one herbe, fome another untotheirs as youfhall prefently heare.7/heophraftus {aithin the ninth Booke, and eleventh Chapter of his Hiftory of Plants, hat the rootes of the blacke and white Ellebor, are like the one unto the other, except the colour, that is, the one blacke the other white (which may be reconciled if you will takeit fpoken onely oftheir Fibres, the one being blacke, the other white) but that the leafe ofthe blacke as he faithis like unto a Bayleafe, andthatofthe white unto thofe of Leekes, can no way be reconciled, for theyare fo diff ‘ fering from Diofcorides / OF ours, that we may well fay, we neither have nor know any of both Theophraffus his Ellebors, ynlefie there be Sanicule & Hellebori nigrifacie & commentitia,as counterfeited by him, yet others doe not thinke fo: but whether the Epipaé#is of Diofcorides, whictihe faith {ome called €//eborine fhould bee referred to the white Ellebor, as Camerarius and others would haveit, of to theblacke,refteth donbefill, becaufe Dio/corides is fo briefe in his defcription thereof, that it cannot certainly be determined, he Onely faying it is a {mall Herbe withfimall leaves, goodfor the difeafes of the Liver,and againft poyfon. The Arabians call it (herbachem and Charbach afued, the Italians Elleboro negro, the Spaniards Verdagambre negro, the French Varare & Veraire noir, the Geranes Zwart Niefwurtz,and Chriftwurtz,the Dutch Smert Niefcruit, and we in Englifh as it is in their titles, The Vertues, nothingfo violent or dangerous : the leaves fhred fmall, or the juiceofthe leaves made up with fmall cakes,and baked,hath been ufed to good purpofe to helpe the Dropfie, laiindies,and otherevillflower, into difpofitions ofthe Liver and Gall : The leaves fometimesalfo are ufed to purge and open the body in fome cafes, as well as the rootes which are ofgreateft ufe, and greateft effet, againft all melancholike difeafes, long lingting Agues as the quartaine and thelike, the Meagrimeand the old paines in the head, the blacke as well as the yellow Taundies,the Leprofie,falling fickneffe,Confumption eyther of the Lungs or whole body, or paines in the belly ¥ Sciatica,Crampes, Convulfions or fhrinking of finewes, and all other griefes, paines andaches of the joynts or finewes, if theroote be takenin pouder, in infufion or decoétion, or in broth, being firlt prepared in Vinegar asis fometimes ufed to bee done, that is fteeped in vinegar for a day and a night, and after dryed up againe, which mannerof preparationis according to the antient cuftome then ufed: bur wee have not found that the roots of this blacke Hellebore gtowing in our owne Country; tobe deadly to cattle if they eate it, or any ofthe other forts, or thatthis hath any furch ftrong or churlifh operation it working, as the ancients doe attribute to theirs of the hotrer Countries,that thereby fuch preparations fhould neede to qualifie the malignitie thereof : for wee have neverfeene ours; (I thinke the moifture and temperature of our climate, abating and correcting, the |