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Show 584 DR. R. VON LENDENFELD ON THE SYSTEMATIC [Dec. 21, 2. Familia SOLLASELLID^E, Lendenfeld. Digitate forms with radiating spicule-bundles, and distinct ecto-and endoGhonae. Sollasella, Lendenfeld. 3. Familia SPIRASTRELLID^;, Ridley and Dendy. With spirastrellid flesh-spicules. Spirastrella, Ridley; Raphyrus, Bowerbank ; Papillina, Schmidt; Cheirella, Lendenfeld ; Axos, Gray ; and Suberocorona, Lendenfeld. Coincides with the family Cheirellidae, Lendenfeld. 4. Familia SUBERAMATID^E, nov. With hamate flesh-spicules (sigmata). Suberamata, Lendenfeld. 5. Familia SUBERITID^E, Vosmaer, emend. Without flesh-spicules. Suberitella, Lendenfeld ; Suberites, Nardo ; Suberopetros, Lendenfeld ; Plectodendron, Lendenfeld ; Polymastia, Bowerbank ; Tricho-stemma, M . Sars ; Tentorium, Vosmaer (Thecaphora, O. Schmidt) ; Stylocordyle, Wyv. Thomson ; Quasillina, Norman ; Cliona, Grant; and Poterion, Schlegel. iv. Subordo OLIGO SILICINA, Lendenfeld. Without supporting skeleton. Flesh-spicules, when present, anaxon polyactinellid. Chambers small, with narrow outlet. 1. Familia CHONDRILLID^E, Lendenfeld. With polyactinellid flesh-spicules. Comprises the genus Chon-drilla, O. Schmidt. 2. Familia CHONDROSID^E, Lendenfeld. Without flesh-spicules. Comprises the genus Chondrosia, Nardo. III. Ordo CORNACUSPONGIAE, Vosmaer, emend. Silicea with soft mesogloea, or mesodermal ground-substance. The supporting skeleton is composed of bundles of monaxonids, which are never tylostyle spicules. The skeleton is strengthened by spongin, which cements the spicules. These may disappear altogether, and tbe skeleton is then composed of spongin, with or without foreign bodies. Exceptionally, also, this horny skeleton disappears. The ciliated chambers have large outlets. i. Subordo HALICHONDRINA, Vosmaer. With siliceous spicules in the supporting skeleton. 1. Familia SPONGILLID^E, Carter. Freshwater sponges with gemmulae. Spongilla, Lamarck ; Ephydatia, Lamouroux ; Tubella, Carter |