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Show 1886.] MR. H. J. E L W E S O N T H E G E N U S PARNASSIUS. 31 which Jacquemont seems to have found on some part of the Kashmir territory. The species now under notice might very fairly be said to be the Himalayan representative of P. delius; but though I cannot specify any structural character by which it differs from that species, yet it has far more general resemblance to P. actius. It differs from that species (which perhaps also occurs in Ladak) in the fringes of the wings, which in P. actius are almost always distinctly marked with black at the end of the nerves, and in the darker antennae less ringed with white, and the ocelli of the underside, which are much less ringed with black. I have received such a large number of specimens of this species from Lahoul, that I am able to say with some certainty that the pouch of the female is always keeled; and though there is, as I show below, very great variation in specimens from one locality, yet I think I could say that none of those from this one locality could be mistaken by one who really knew the species for any other Parnassius. After examination of a large series from Lahoul, taken between July 15 and Aug. 28, 1884, at various elevations between 11,500 and 15,000 feet, I find the following principal variations :- As regards the ground-colour of the wings, from a pure creamy white to a yellowish white, only seen in very fresh specimens and most pronounced in females; the black scales in some cases almost covering the interspaces of the wings and giving the insect a very dark appearance, whilst in some others, mostly males, they are almost confined to the costal and basal areas and to the line of the nerves. As a rule the females have a greater abundance of these black scales than the males. As regards the fringes, I find in some specimens, usually those least marked with red, an almost unbroken white fringe, whilst in others it is more or less broken by black at the ends of the veins, but never so distinctly alternated with black and white as in jacquemonti or actius ; and this is one of the best means of distinguishing the males from these species. As regards the red ocelli, they vary in number from none to three on the fore wing above, of which two are near together between the cell and apex, and one about the middle of the space, between the third median nervule and the submedian nervure, and in size from a mere dot of a few red scales surrounded by black to an ocellus about 2 lines in diameter. On the hind wing above they vary in number from two to six, of which one is at the base of the costa (usually, but not always, conspicuous, and sometimes quite absent), one halfway along the costa, and one extending from the second subcostal nervule to and beyond the discoidal nervule: these two are always present, and sometimes large and pupilled with white; one, and in females often two, at the anal angle, and rarely one showing through the black scales at the base of the cell. On the underside the full number of red ocelli (namely three on |