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Show Of the Sternou and ‘thr. Book lll. which are implanted into the tops of the tranl‘verl‘e Proccfles, and into the The M‘cvizy ot the R ill:.. The t'iirilion ol the Riha Their articu- latimi with the Stanton, by Lattilages. 'TI‘c Spurious Ribs. ' l'roruberances of the Ribs. And the Ribs at a greater difiancc from the traiifverfe Procefles ofthe Vertebers, have ibnie Alperities in the outward Region, made by nature forthc inlei'tions oi. Multles moving the Thomxg and our oi thefe very linall Protu. berancies, the outward intercolhl Mulcles take their rile, which do not teach only from the lower region ofthe upper Rib to the higher part ofthe lOWcr, but alto thele intercof‘tal Mufcles are extended from the outlide of one Rib to the outfide of the other; and the other parts of‘the Ribs are llnooth and even, except where the intercollral Mufcles borrow their Origen, and into which they are inferred. The Ribs are divided into true, and fpurious, of which the firlt are conjoyned to the Bones of the Sterno/z by the interpofition of cartilaginous pro. duétions, and they are the Seven upper Ribs, of which the two firii are cal- led sturgeon}, retorla', the two next have the appellative of MAW/irks, the three other are Ryled who", prawn/er. The lower Ribs are named Spurious, of which the Four firfi, with their Cartilages refit-fled upward, and mutually cohering, are conjoyned in their lower region to the Cartilages of the upper Ribs, and the lull: Cartilage which is the leaf't, is {Oinetimes aflixcd to the Diaphragme, and fometimes to the Right Miil‘clc. Thefc Ribs have the appellative of Bal‘tard, as fecming to be imperfet‘}, by reafon they are not affixed to the Steroon (as the upper Ribs ) by the mediation of Cartilages. The thi'etcnt fuliiiance of the Ribs. The Ribs are not compoll'd of one entire fimilar fubllance, becaufe part of their Compage is bony, and the other cartilaginous. The bony fubi'tance of the Ribs is not every where alike, by reafon where they are conjoyncd to the Simu of the Spondyle (conflituting the Back) they have a more folid and compaél fubfiance then in the {ides of the Thorax, and the Sternotz featcd in its anterior part, (in which the compag'c of the Ribs is fpungy) is encircled with akind of Scale or Flake, and is moll; thin, when it degenerates into a grifle, not endued with one uniformc filbl‘taucc, which is moi‘t felt in the lower Ribs; whereupon home have called the bafiard Rihs xii/4m qtmfi Carlilogim'r; and the Cartilages of the upper have more folid liibi‘tance then the other, and become bony in old perfons; and in Sheep and The tittihl: ‘O\'li[ cf the nine upp:t R:bs. The three loucr Ribs have but one juynt. Bullocks are oflified in a middle age; in thefe Animals fome part of the Ribs are covered without and within with a cartilaginous friable bony lubRance. The Ribs are not eudued with one kind of Articulation, by reafon the Nine upper ones are conjoyned by a double joynt, to give them the grfafl‘r firength, and the Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth are articulated with one Joy nt 3 and the Ribs conjoyned by a double Joynt, are adorned witha clouble head7 of which one infinuateth it {elf into the Sinus, relating to the. body of the Verteber ; and the other head climbeth tip the traufverlhc l'roccls ofthe fame Vcrteber, till it hath arrived its Simu, to which it is conioynt‘d in the fith of the Apex ofthe faid Proccl‘s. The artitnlation oi the Firii Rib, The Firl} Rib is articulated with a round Head, curring into a Simme‘" graven in the body of the fii'll‘. Vertebcr of the Back, and afterward the Rih all‘ends to the ti‘aiifvetle Procefs of the Verteber, till the Rib makes an entrance with another head into :1 Sims, hollowed in the Apex 0f the {aid Pr0-_ oi COR 9 5‘0 l'rch/i!" I But Learned Dr. Mayo conceiveth, that a Pl'otuberancc the Spine enters into 3. Sims of the Rib, in this Second articulation of the R1 with the Chine. The 0f the Sternon mm] Kiln. The Second and the Seven following Ribs, are articulated, not with r0und,but with beads protuberating into obtufe Angles,entring into the 8mmcommon to the bodies of two Vertebers7 and have TllC other heads articulated with traniverfc Proceiles, after the lame manner oil the till} Rib. with this difference, that the tranlyei'l‘e Procelit‘s oftheupper Vertebers have their Siom engraver) into the lower part of their inward region, but the tranherii: Pioceiles of the lower Vertebers have their Sinus hollowed into the upoer part ol‘rhe inner region (as Learned Vt alim hath well obferved ) and ihe Sinus belonging to the bodys of the middle Vertebers, are articulated after a middle manner, The life ofthis Articulation of the Ribs with the Spine ( I humbly cou- T"'~‘"T"?m‘= ccivc may be this ) That the conjunction of them being made in a double :iriiiliilh: Joynt, is to allil‘t Rel‘piration in the dilatation ofthe Thorax, {or the reception oiithe expanded Lungs, by realon the double joynts are To obliquely feated, and contrived with iiich Artifice, that the Ribs by often contraction of the intercofial Nltiibles, are not only moved upward, but outward too 3 whereupon the Ribs being carried upward and outward, mul‘tuecellarily etilaige the Capacity of the lhorox, to make way for the Lungs, ptiflbd up with the elafiick Particles of Air; {0 that it is very evident, that the Ribs being drawn upward and outward, do give greater dimenfions to the middle Apartiment, and when they are pulled downward andinward, they narrow the Cavity of the Thorax. ii) that we may ice in any Skeleton, that the Ribs (cipccially the lower, which are mofi conducive to the dilatation of the Email) are articulated with the Spine and Stemozz, not according to right lines, whereupon the Ribs, when they are elevated and carried outward, do come near to Right Angles,and the Thorax is dilated in breadth,and enlarged in length, as the Diaphragme is brought from an Arch to a Plane. But the upper Ribs in their anterior parts are connected to the Stewart, by The Corneritheinterpofition oi Cartilages, among which, the Cartilages of the Second Rib, being protuberant, after the manner of an obtufc Triangle, are received into a Sinus oi~ the Stcruon by a laxe Articulation; and befide this Simu, the Simon on each llde hath many Cavities formed, fomewhat after the man- f;‘,°{:‘3°,f,‘;t:: ill)35,2211"; [Fish grim-333:3» net oil obtnfe Angles, which are not xquidiRant from each other, by reafon 333:, of the Sim! ofthc Stcrmm, engraven for the Cartilage of the third Rib, hath ""3"?" a greater difiance from the Simu of the Second Rib, then the SimM ( made for the Fourth) is removed from the Sinuo, receiving the Cartilage ofthc Third Rib. And again, a greater [pace is Found between the Second and Third, then betwebn the Third and Fourth Simos ofthe Sternon. And the "cm" of Six!" and Show of the Storm" made for the reception of the Cartilages of the Firll: and W Seventh Seventh Rib, do he nearly adioyn, that they touch each other, and are not pasta" of {in}. [0 deeply hollowed as the Sin/U ofthe Stermm, relating to the Cartilages the other Ribs. The fine Compagc of the Stet-non is framed, being Convexe above, and +T.71.F.;. Concave below, to give way to the Vifccro, as well as the ranks of_Ribs,(are 17-0. to made as ho many Arches encircling the {ides of the Thorax) conyioyned the Spine ofthe Back, wrought into fine carved work, coulilting of various the allaults ofoutPlocdfi‘fi, to render the Thorax firm and Rrong, to oppoie Ward accidents. And the {ibs are configned toa farther ufc as they are elevated and Eigiffwfihs l‘awn outward by the contraction of the intercofial Mulcles , to enlarge the dimenfions ol'the Thorax, to entertain the expanded Lungs in order to nfpirations -, and afterward, when they are carried downward, and mwagdv |