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Show Mixed Modes. Book II. that fiand for them, we can by thofe Names reprefcnt to another any complex Jdea,we could have him c0nceive : lo that It has 111 It no fimple /dea,butwhat he knows, and has, With us, the fame name lor. Forall our complex Ideas are ultimately refolvable into ffmple !tleas, of \duch they are compounded, and originally made. up, though perhaps the.r Imme<hate Ingredients, as 1 may fo fay, are alfo complex Me"'· TllU< the mix· ed Mode, which the word Lye !lands for, ~s made ot. thefe fimplc Ideas: 1 . ArticubteSounds. ~. Certain Ideas m the Mmd of the Speaker. 3. Thofe words the ligns of thofc: Ideas. 4· Thofe ligns put together by affirmation or negation, otherw1fe than the Ideas they ila~d fe r, arc m the Mind of the Speaker. I think I need not go any farther.'" the Analy• lis of that complex Idea, we call a Lye: what I have f01d IS enough to fuew, that it is made up of fimple Ideas: And It. could not but be an offenlivc tedioufnefs to my Reader, to trouble lum With a more mmute enumeration of every particular firnple Idea, that goes to tlus complex one. which from what has been faid, he cannot but be able to make out to himfelf. 'The fame may be done in all our complex Ideas whatfoever. which however compounded, and decompounded, may at !ail be refol~ed into limple Ideas, which are all the Materials of Knowledge or Thought we have or can have. Norfl1allwe have rea!On to fear, that the · Mind is hereby ilinted to too fcanty a number of Ideas , 1f \~e confider, what an inexhauilible ilockof fimple Modes, Number, and F1gure alone affords us. How far theA mixed Modes,which admit of the various Com· binations of different lim pie Ideas, and their infinite Modes, are from being few and fcanty, we mayeafilyimaginc. So that before we have done, we fuall fee, that,no Body need be afraid,he fuall have fcope, and compa!S enough for his Thoughs to. range in , though they be, as I pretend, confi· ned only to fimple id<as received from Senfanon or Reflechon, and the1r feveral combinations. §.to.ltisworthourobferving which of a/lour jimple Ideas havdeenmojl modified and bad mofl mixed Modes made o•t of tbtm, with names give. to them:' And thofe have been thefe three; Thinking, and Motion, (which are the two Ideas which comprehend in them all Action,) and Power, from whence thefe Actions are conceived to flow. Thefe fimpe Ideas, I fay, of Thinking, Motion, and Power, have been thofe, which have been moil modified ; and out of whofe Modifications have been made moft complex Modes, with names to them. For Action being the great bufi· nefs of Mankind, and the whole matter about which all Laws are converfaiJt, it is no wonder, that the fevtral Modes of Thinking and Motion, fhould be taken notice of, the Ideas of them obfcrved ,and laid up in the Memory, and haveNamcsaffigned to them; without which, Laws could be but ill made, or Vice and Diforders repre!Ted. Nor could any Communication be well had amongil Men, without fuch complex Ideas, with Names to them ; and therefore Men have fetled Names, and fuppofed fetled !deaJ in their Minds, of modes of AGtions diilinguifhed by their Caufes, Means, Objects, Ends, lnilruments, Time, Place, aad other Clf· cumflances ; and alfo of their Powers fitted for thofe Actions ; v. g. Bolcf. nefs is the Power to fpeak or do before others, without lear or d!forder; and the Greds call the confidence of fpeal<ing by a peculiar name -ii•~"': Which }~ower or ability in Man, of doing any thing, when it has been acquired by. trcquent doing the fame thing, is, that the Idea we n~me Hahit; wben It 1s forward, and ready upon every occalion, to break tnro A<'lion, we call it Dijpu}liion: ThusTcftincfs is a difpofition or apmcfs to be angry. To Chap. XXII. Mixr:d Modes. . To conclude, Let us examine any Modes ·of At1ion, v.fl.. Confidcl':lno~ and A!Ten~, wh1ch arc AGt10ns of the Mind ; Running and Sreaking, wluch arc AGt10nsofthe Body; R~venge andMurthcr, which are A(l1• onsofboth together, and we !hall find them but fo many Col!eflions of jimple Ideas, wh1ch t~gethcr makeup rhe complc~ ones lignified bytho!e Names. §. u. Po1ver being the Source from whence all AGtion proceeds. The Subilances wherem thefe Powers arc, when they exert this Power int'b AGt, are called Caufes; and the..Sub!~anccs which thereupon ore produ ·ced, or the fimple Ideas wluch are :ntroduced Into any fubjeet by the ererting of that P<:wer, arc caUed EffeCts. The efficacy whereby the new Sublbnce or Idea IS produced, 1s called,m the fubjed,cxerting that Power, AGt10n;. but tn the fubjeGt , whe~em any !imple Idea is changed or produced, 1t IS called Paffion : wluch efficacy however various, and the ·effects almoilmfin~te; yet we can, I think, conceive it in intellectual Agents, to be notlung elfe but Mod~ ofThmking, and Willing, incorporeal Agents, nothmg elfe but Modifications of Motion. I Jay I think we cannot conceive it to be any other but thefe two: For wha;ever fort of ACtion, befidcs thefe, produces any effeGts, I confefs my felf to have no Noti~n, nor Idea of; and fo they are quire remote from my Thoughts Apprehenfions, and Knowledge; and arc as much in the dark to me a; Jive other Senfes, orthe Ideas of Colours to a blind Man : And th~refore. maNy words, w!Jicb feem toexprefi fome AEiio/f, fignifi~ nothing of the AGt•on, or Modus Operand~at all, 6ut barely t!Je 'ifdl, wah fome circumfiances of the SubjeCt wrought on, or Canfe opera tin~ · v. g. Oeation Annihilation, contain in them no Idea of the ACtion or Manner, whereby they are produced, but barely of the Caufe, and·the thing done. And when a Country man fays, the. Cold freezes Water,though the word Freezmg feem to Import fome Act10n, yet truly 1t lignifies nothing, but the effeCt, 'Viz. that Water, that was before fluid, is b•come hard and confi· fient, without containing any Idea of the Action whereby it is done. §. 12. I think I !hall not need to remark here, that though Power and AGtion make the greatcft part of mixed Modes, marked by Names and familiar in the Minds and Mouths of Men; yet other lim pie Idea;, and their feveral Combmat1ons , are not excluded ; much lefs I think will it be nece0arj lor me tlrnumerate all the mixed Modes, wi1ich hav~ been fetled, with N'mes to them: that would be to make a Dictionary of the !\res tell part of the Words ':lade ufe ofin Divinity, Ethicks, Law, and Po· ht:cks, and feveralotherSc1ences. All that isrcquilite to my prefentdelign, IS to fl1ew,w~t fort of Ideas thofeare, I call Mixed Modes· how the Mind comes by them; and that they are Compolitions, made ~p of lim· pie Ideas got from ~cnfat1on and Rellc;dion, which, I fupfiOfe, I have don~. '1 M J •' CHAP. |
