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Show I I 0 Other Jimple Modes. Bookll diltinct Ideas which are all but the different modifications of Motion. Modes of Motion anfwer thofe of Extenlion ; .Swift and Slow are two differoflt Ideas of Motion, the meafures whereof arc made of the diltances of Time and Space put together, fo they are complex Ideas comprehending Time and Space with Motion. §. 3· The like variety have we in Sounds. Every articulate wbrd is a different modification of. Sound; by wluch we fee, that from the fcnfc of Hearing by fuch modifications, the Mind may be furniOwd with dillina Ideas, to almolt an iqfinite Number. Sounds alfo, befi,Ies the dillinll cries of Birds and Bealts, are modified by diverlity of Notes of ddfercnt length put together, which make that complex Idea call'd a Tunc, which a Mufician may have in his Mind, when he hears or mal<es no Sound at all, by refleCting on the Ideas of thofc Sounds, fo put together lilcntly in his own Fancy. §. 4· Thofe of Colours might alfo be very various ; fome we take il~ tice of as the different degrees, or as they are termed, Shades of the fame ~lour: But fince we very feldom make affemblag;es of Colours, either lor Ufe or Delight, but Figure is taken in alfo, and has its parr in it, as in Painting, Weaving, Needle-works, &c. Thofe which are taken notice of, do molt commonly belong to mixed Modes, as being made up of ideas of divers kinds, vi<, Figure and Colour, fuch as Beauty, Rain bow,&c. 1 §. 5· All compounded 1aj/es and Smells, are alfo Modes made up ofthefe fimple ideas o£ thofe Senfes; byr they being fuch as generally We have no names for, are lefs taken notice of, and cannot be fet down in writing; and therefore muft be. left without enumeratioq, to the Thoughts and Experience of my Reader. §. 6. In general it may beobferved, that thofe jimp!e Modes which are confide red hut as different degrees of tbe fame Jim pie Idea; though they are in themfelves many of them very difiinll Ideas; yet bave ordinarily no dij/infl Names, nor are much taken notice of as diltinCl: Irleas, where the difference is bur very fmall between them. Whether Men have neglected thefe Modes, and given no Names to them, as wanting meafures nicely to diftinguilh them, or becaufe when they were fo di1linguilhed, that Knowledge _would not be of general or nece!Tary ufe, I leave 1t to the Thoughts of others; it is fuilicient to my purpofe ro 01ew, that all thefe lim pie ideas, come to our Minds only by Senfation and Reflection; and that when the Mind has them, it can variouOy repeat and compound them,and fo make new complex ideas. But though White,Red, or Sweet, &c, have not been modified or made into complex Ideas, by feveral Combinations, fo as to be named, and thereby ranked into Species; yet fomc others ofthe fimple Ideas, viz. thofeof Unity, Duration, Motion, &c. above inftanced in, as alfo Power and Thinking have been thus modified to a great variety of complex Ideas, with Names belonging to them. §. 7· lbe Reafon whereof, I fuppofe, has been this, That the great Concernment of Men being with Men one amongftanother, the !{now ledge of Men, and their ACtions, and the fignifying of them to one another, was molt ileceifary;and therefore they made Ideas of ACtions very nicely modified, and gave thofe complex ideas names, that they might the more eafily record and difcourfe of thofe things they were daily converfant in, Without long Am bag~ and Circumlocutions; and that the things they were contmually to gtve and receive information about , might be the cafier and qmcker underltood. That this is fo and that Men in framin~ different complex Ideas, and giving them Names, have been much g;. verned Chap. XIX. Modes of 'I hinkjng. verned by the end of Speech in general (which is a very 01ort and expedite way of conveymg thcll' Thoughts one to another) is evident in rhe Names, which in feveral Arts have been found out, and applied to feveral complex Ideal of modified Actions, belonging to their feveral Trades, for difpatch fake, in their DireCtion or Difcourfes about them : Which ideas are not generally framed in the Minds of Men not convcrfanr about thefe Operations ; and thence the words that ftand for them, by the grearell part of Men of the fame Language, are not undcrltood; v.g. Coltjl:tr, DriUing, Filtration, Cobohation, are words ftanding for certain complex Ideas; which being not in the Minds of every body, they -having no ufe of them, thofe names of them are nor generally underfl:ood but by Smiths, and Chimills; who having framed rhecomplex./dear which thefe words Jlandfor, and having given names to them, or received them from others upon hearing of rhefe names in communication, readily conceive thofe Ideas in their Minds ; as by CohobatioiJ all the ftmple ideas of Diflilling, and the pouring me Liquor, dillilled from any thing, back upon the remaining Matter, and diftilling itagain. Thus we fcc, that there are great varieties of ftmple Ideas, as ot Taltes and Smells, which have no Names, and of Modes many more; which either not having been generally enough obferved, or elfe not being of any great ufe to be taken notice of in the Affairs and Converfe of Men, they have not had names given to them, and fo pafs not for Species, which we !hall have occufion hereafter to confider more at large, when we come to fpeak of Words. CHAP. XIX. Of the .:Modes of Thinking. §. I• \7\: 7 Hen the Mind turns its view inwards upon its felf, nod ' V contemplates its own Adion~, 1!Jinking is the lirft that occurrs; wherein it obferves a great variety of Modifications, and thereof frames to it felf diltinct Ideas. Thus the Perception, or Thought, which'll&lally accompany, and is annexed to any impreffion on the Body, made by an external ObjeCt, it frames a di11:inct Idea of, which we call Senfat ion ; which is, as it were, the ad:ual entrance of any Idea into the Underftanding by the Senfes. The fame Idea, when it again recurrs without the operation of the like Object on the eternal Senfory, is Remembrance. If it be fought after by the Mind,_ and with pain and endeavour found, and brought again in view, 'tis Reco!/ellion: !fit be held there long under attentive Confideration, 'tis Contemplation. When Ide.1s Ooat in our Mind, without any refledion or rogard of the Underftanding, it is that which the Frencb call Refvery; our Language has fcurce a name for it. When the Idearthat offer themfelves, (for as 1 have obferved in ano· ther place, whilfi we arc awake, there will always be a train of Ideas fucceeding one another in our Minds,) are taken notice of, and, as it were, regillred in the Memory, it is Attention. When the Mind with great earnellnefs, and of a choice, fixes its view on any Idea, confiders it on all fides, and wifl not be called off by the ordinary follicitation of othe~ Ideas, it is that we call Intention, or Study. Sleep, without dreaming, is rell from all thefe; and Dre~ming, it felf, is the pe~ception of ld•as ( w!1illt the outward Scnfes are ltopp d , fo that they rece1ve not outward ObjeCts Wjth I I I |
